Key Figures

  1. Emilio Aguinaldo- was a Filipino general who played an important role in the Philippine Revolution against Spain, and later led Filipino insurgent soldiers against American forces.

  2. José Rizal- was a Filipino intellectual who fought to reform, and ultimately to oust, the Spanish colonial government.

  3. Andrés Bonifacio- was a key leader in the Filipino revolutionary struggle against Spanish colonial rule.

  4. Máximo Gómez- was general who led Cuban insurgents against the Spanish colonial government in the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). He later served as a key leader of the Cuban Liberation Army, which fought a difficult three-year war against Spanish forces before the United States intervened in 1898.

  5. Theodore Roosevelt-In 1898, Roosevelt formed a military regiment—the Rough Riders—to fight against Spain in Cuba.

  6. Queen Regent María Cristina- queen consort of Ferdinand VII of Spain from 1829 to 1833 and queen regent from 1833 to 1840.

  7. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo- Former President of the Philippines.

  8. Miguel Malvar- was a Filipino general who served during the Philippine Revolution and subsequently during the Philippine–American War.