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עננים אפורים עגורי הסתיו-Осенние журавли
שיר רוסי-מילים: אלכסיי מיכאילוביץ' זמצ'וז'ניקוב-עברית: יוסף חרמוני-לחן: שיר עם-שירה: איזי הוד-עיבוד, נגינה, עריכה והקלטה: מאיר רז
עֲנָנִים אֲפֹרִים. עֲרָפֶל-סְתָו זוֹחֵל לוֹ וּקְרִיאַת-עֲגוּרִים מֵהָאֹפֶק קְרֵבָה וְהַלֵּב אֲלֵיהֶם מִתְרוֹמֵם וְעוֹלֶה לוֹ, מֵאַרְצִי הַקָּרָה, מֵעֵירֹם-עֲרָבָה. כְּבָר קָרוֹב מְעוֹפָם. קְרִיאָתָם כֹּה חַדָּה הִיא. כְּמוֹ בְּשׂוֹרָה בִּכְנָפָם, כְּמוֹ אֵלַי הֵם קוֹרְאִים. מֵהֵיכָן עֲגוּרִים, נְשָׂאוּכֶם כְּנָפַיִם וּלְאָן מְעוּפְכֶם? לֹא אֵדַע, עֲגוּרִים. הֲתֵדְעוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ, בָּהּ שֶׁמֶשׁ דּוֹעֶכֶת, אֶת עַרְבוֹת-הַקָּרָה, סְחוּפוֹת הַיִּסּוּרִים. אֶת עֵירֹם-הַיְּעָרוֹת, שָׁם הָרוּחַ חוֹתֶכֶת, זֹאת אַרְצִי הַקָּרָה, זֹאת אַרְצִי, עֲגוּרִים. דִּמְדּוּמִים וְסַגְרִיר וְהָעֶצֶב תּוֹפֵחַ. אֲדָמָה עֲגוּמָה וּבָנֶיהָ קוֹדְרִים וְכוֹאֵב בַּנְּשָׁמָה וְהַלֵּב מִתְיַפֵּחַ. אוֹי, חִדְלוּ-נָא לָשׁוּט מֵעָלַי, עֲגוּרִים
Осенние журавли-Слова: Алексей Михайлович Жемчужников-Музыка: Народная Песня. Сквозь вечерний туман мне под небом стемневшим, Слышен крик журавлей всё ясней и ясней…,Сердце к ним понеслось, издалёка летевшим, Из холодной страны, с обнажённых степей. Вот уж близко летят и всё громче рыдая, Словно скорбную весть мне они принесли…,Из какого же вы неприветного края, Прилетели сюда на ночлег, журавли?...Я ту знаю страну, где уж солнце без силы, Где уж савана ждёт, холодея, земля, И где в голых лесах воет ветер унылый-, То родимый мой край, то отчизна моя. Сумрак, бедность, тоска, непогода и слякоть, Вид угрюмый людей, вид печальный земли…,О, как больно душе, как мне хочется плакать!, Перестаньте рыдать надо мной, журавли!...
הערות שכתב איזי הוד: עגורים [עגורי הסתיו], או, כאן תחת שמיים זרים, נכתב כפואמה, בשנת 1871 ומחבר המילים, ידוע בוודאות, אלכסיי מיכאילוביץ' ז'מצ'וז'ניקוב. המשורר נפטר בשנת 1908 ואז לשיר עדיין לא היה לחן. הוכחה מובהקת, באשר למלחין, לא קיימת, אך הזמרת האמינה אללה ניקולייבנה באיאנובה, שהייתה המבצעת העיקרית של השיר הזה, זכרה, שהלחן נכתב על ידי הזמר ושחקן, אלכסנדר ניקולייביץ' ווארטינסקי. דעה אחרת משערת, שהמלחין והפסנתרן הפולני, יז'י פטרסבורגסקי, הידוע בהלחנת השיר הפולני, טנגו סטלה ואף ליווה את, ווארטינסקי כפסנתרן, במסעות הופעותיו, הוא שחיבר את הלחן. אפשרות נוספת שהועלתה באשר למלחין היה המלחין, אוסקר דווידוביץ' סטרוק, שאף הוא שתף פעולה עם וורטינסקי. הכך גם המנצח והמוזיקאי, גאורגאס איפסילאנטי, שעבד עם הזמר לאשצ'אנקו. הקלטה הראשונה של השיר המולחן הייתה בשנת 1935. אך ברוסיה עצמה השיר הפך לנכסי צאן ברזל כעשרים שנים מאוחר יותר לאחר מותו של סטאלין ומשטרו. עד אז השיר היה מחתרתי והוקלט אף מחתרתית. השיר, הוא אחד מהשירים, שנהגו לשיר אזרחי רוסיה, שהוגלו או גלו, לארצות אחרות. כל כולו של השיר ומילותיו, הוא געגועים למולדת, באמצעות העגורים, שבמעופם מביאים את בשורת המולדת, לארצות ההגליה וההגירה. בשנת 1871, המשורר של השיר, אלכסיי מיכאילוביץ' ז'מצ'וז'ניקוב, הביא לגרמניה את רעייתו, שחלתה אז במחלה קשה ושהה שם תקופה ארוכה מאד ובחוסר תקווה להחלמתה. באחד הסתווים, ראה המשורר להקת עגורים, שכוון מעופה היה להבחנתו, מרוסיה לגרמניה. הוא חש געגועים, למולדת רוסיה וכתב את השיר. משהפך השיר לשיר געגועים, לגולי רוסיה, נעשו מאמצים שלטוניים רבים, שהשיר לא יתפרסם ואכן, השיר עד היום, מבוצע ונשמע מעט מאד. הקלטות ראשונות של השיר, עם הלחן, כבר היו בשנת 1930, לערך, אך, רק לאחר מותו של סטאלין [1953], השיר החל להישמע יותר וגם אז, לא הרבה, ובמסגרות סגורות, כמעט במחתרת, כי ריקודים סלונים, עדיין היו מוחרמים ולחן השיר, הוא בקצב הטנגו ורוחו של סטאלין עדיין שרתה. לשיר, יש גרסות מילים אחדות, שכולן מבוססות על המקור של, ז'מצ'וז'ניקוב, כאשר במקום ארצי הקרה, מציינים מקומות אחרים, דוגמה, עגורים מעל, קולימה, עגורים מעל אפגניסטן
קישור לשיר בשפת המקור
Link to the song in the original language
כדי לשחזר את השיר בשפה המקורית אם אינו מופיע לאחר לחיצה על שם השיר המסומן כאן בקוו תחתון או כדי למצוא גירסות נוספות העתיקו/הדביקו את שם השיר בשפת המקור מדף זה לאתר YOUTUBE
To restore the song in the original language if it does not appear after clicking on the name of the song marked here with a bottom line or to find additional versions Copy/Paste the song name in the original language from this page to the YOUTUBE website
References
The history of this tango romance is as mysterious as the origin of nostalgia itself: as you know, it is able to master a person even during a short separation from his homeland and is indifferent to such compelling arguments as success.
Tacitly crowned by the rumor with a hymn of emigrants, the romance caused tears in each of the waves of emigration that covered Russia, and no wonder: he is sincere to the limit. Nevertheless, his authorship, as they say, raises questions. One thing is certain: the origins of the romance must be sought in the work of one of the “fathers” of Kozma Prutkov, Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov.
Weak health Alexei Mikhailovich after leaving the civil service for a long time lived abroad. He experienced painful separation from his homeland, as well as parting with his beloved wife - Elizabeth Dyakova. In general, it cannot be ruled out that his immediate reason for writing The Autumn Cranes in 1871 was not so much nostalgia for his homeland, although Alexei Mikhailovich was in southern Germany at that time, but sadness for the beloved Lizonka. And in 1875, also abroad, he survived her illness and death, after which he never married again.
But years passed, in 1908 Zhemchuzhnikov died, then the revolution broke out, and a stream of emigrants rushed from Russia - first a thin stream, then a powerful stream. Emigrant songs began to be born one by one ...
Researcher of the history of the Cranes romance Nikolay Ovsyannikov pointed out that the famous performer of the work Alla Bayanova was convinced that the author of the hit was Alexander Vertinsky himself. True, this version was not confirmed by any concrete facts, but this could well have been: Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov’s poem was well known, and Vertinsky could well remember him in an acute situation - say, in 1922, when he was poorly received on tour in Romania and even ended up behind bars for a while. Following a slightly redone poem, a light, unobtrusive melody came. In any case, the rhythm of the verse is, well, completely “vertical”! After some time in Poland, Vertinsky met with the brilliant musician Jerzy Petersbursky and even made him his touring accompanist. (Later they will record a record together.) Considering that performing a song in front of the Poles, who were friendly at that time, with the words “... under an alien sky, I, as an unwanted guest ...” was somehow not good, Vertinsky still showed it to Jerzy, and he was delighted with the topic and content, but he felt the soul of a professional - a hit! Having eaten the dog on light tunes, Jerzy, once blessed to be composed by Imre Kalman himself, turned her into a tango.
So, Nikolay Ovsyannikov, for example, suggests that this could happen in 1929, again in Romanian Bessarabia. If so, then the song now has a jubilee on the stage, 90 years! The situation with authorship was already difficult then. Vertinsky probably did not want to sing Zhemchuzhnikov’s poems in their original form, and Jerzy would hardly have agreed to become the author of poetry music with dubious copyright.
One way or another, for many years the listeners perceived the romance-tango as Vertinsky’s work on the words of Zhemchuzhnikov, although both were ambiguous.
Years passed, the song, as often happens, slowly changed: one word was replaced by another, even the cranes from autumn turned into spring ones.
In Romania, the romance was "circulated" by Alla Bayanova, who worked there for many years. According to some reports, in 1935 the song was first performed in a gramophone recording (performed by N. Shevtsov).
Well, when the song reached Moscow, it “shook up” again. It became a genuine restaurant hit in the 50s. It was propagated by the "underground", as was usual in those years, "on the bones", that is, on X-ray photographs. The voice of Petr Leshchenko was imitated on the recording, and it was imitated unsuccessfully. Apparently, this was done by Nikolai Markov from the ensemble “Jazz Tabachnikov”, a talented performer who recorded more than forty songs from the Leshenko’s repertoire.
Then the rewriting was a “business theme”: music lovers appreciated the recordings made on the bones, since among them there were also those that were not particularly welcomed by the authorities ...
Alexander Vertinsky, having returned home after many years of living abroad, did not recognize his own work ...
Perhaps it was his intelligence that did not allow him to fight for copyrights, or maybe some other considerations, but an indisputable fact - he no longer returned to the famous tango.
Cranes were sung by many. For example, it is amazing - Nikolay Nikitsky.
And in the 1970s, the romance brought to a new peak of popularity: “modernized” versions of the song appeared like “Cranes over Kolyma” and “Cranes of Afghanistan”. A new breath was breathed into the old hit "Pearl Brothers", and after them other chanson performers.
And they cry under it - still, daydreaming - who is about their homeland and home, who - about lost love.
But what about Jerzy Petersbursky? The fate of the graduate of the Warsaw Conservatory was amazing. He wrote music for films, operettas and tango, in September 1939 he was drafted into the army. Soon, Jerzy was in the territory that became part of the USSR, received Soviet citizenship and became Yuri Yakovlevich Petersbursky, and soon became the head of the State Jazz Orchestra of the Byelorussian SSR, which included some Poles. Then he wrote the waltz “Blue Handkerchief”. True, his most famous work was adapted by Alexander Tsfasman and is known to us as “The Burnt Sun”.
When the Great Patriotic War began, Petersbursky joined the formed Polish army of Anders and left the USSR with it in 1942. After the war, he left for Argentina, where he worked as bandmaster in the theater, in 1967 he returned to Poland, got married and gave birth to a son - Jerzy Jr. The composer died on October 7, 1979 and was buried in Warsaw.
The author of this widespread text, "Here is a stranger here ... remains unknown," the author of the music, too.
But the original, on which all the texts are based, is precisely known! This poem is "Autumn Cranes" by the Russian poet Alexei Mikhailovich Zhemchuzhnikov, who was born in Pochep in 1821. He wrote a poem on October 28, 1871 in the town of Jugenheim, near the Rhine. In it precisely the melancholy and pain of the soul is precisely conveyed - in that state was then Alexei Mikhailovich. He brought his beloved, seriously ill wife to Germany for treatment; for a long time he was outside Russia. There was no hope of salvation. Autumn. Yearning. And suddenly - cranes! They fly to the south "from a cold country", from its homeland. The poem ends with lines that cannot be thrown away, all the options are built on them:
“Oh, how painful my soul is, how I want to cry!
Stop crying over me, cranes! ”
And here is the text of the original poem
“Autumn cranes” by A. M. Zhemchuzhnikov:
Through the evening fog I got dark under the sky
The cry of cranes is heard clearer and clearer ...
Heart rushed to them, from afar flying
From a cold country, from the naked steppes.
They’re flying close and sobbing louder
Like a mournful message they brought me ...
What kind of land are you from?
Arrived here for the night, cranes? ..
I know that country where the sun is already without power,
Where is the shroud waiting, cooling, the earth
And where a dull wind howls in the bare forests, -
Either my beloved land, then my homeland.
Dusk, poverty, longing, bad weather and slush,
Kind of moody people, kind of sad land ...
Oh, how painful my soul is, how I want to cry!
Stop crying over me, cranes! ..
October 28, 1871
Jugenheim, near the Rhine
A.M. Zhemchuzhnikov.
התוכן והעיבוד הלשוני אינם סופיים
התרגומים לאנגלית נעשו באמצעות המנוע "מתרגם גוגל" והתרגום הועתק לאתר בצורתו המקורית ללא עריכה נוספת
The English translations were done using the "Google Translate" engine and the translations were copied to the site in their original form without further editing.
Gray clouds, Autumn cranes-Russian song-Lyrics: Alexey Mikhailovich Zmachozhnikov-Hebrew: Yosef Hermoni-Melody: Folk song-Singing: Izzy Hod-Arrangement, music, editing and recording: Meir Raz.
Notes written by Izzy Hod: Cranes [autumn cranes], or, here under a foreign sky, was written as a poem, in 1871 and the author of the words is known for sure, Alexey Mikhailovich Zhemchuzhnikov. The poet died in 1908 and the song still had no melody. Definite proof, as to the composer, does not exist, but the reliable singer Alla Nikolayevna Bayanova, who was the main performer of this song, remembered that the composition was written by the singer and actor, Alexander Nikolayevich Vertinsky. Another opinion speculates that the Polish composer and pianist, Jerzy Patersburgski, who is known for composing the Polish song, Tango Stella and even accompanied, Vartynsky, as a pianist on his concert tours, composed the piece. Another possibility that was raised as to the composer was the composer, Oskar Davidovich Struck, who also collaborated with Vertinsky. So did the conductor and musician, Giorgas Ipsilanti [or, Ypsilanti], who worked with the singer, Pyotr Konstantinovich Leshchenko, who sang the song too. The first recording of the composed song was in 1935. But in Russia itself the song became the property of Inalienable assets, about twenty years later after the death of Stalin and his regime. Until then the song was performed underground and was even recorded underground. The song is one of the songs used to be sung by Russian citizens who were exiled in Russia or exiled to other countries. The whole of the song and its words, is longing for the homeland, through the cranes, which in their flight bring the good news of the homeland, to the lands of exile and immigration. In 1871, the poet of the poem, Alexei Mikhailovich Zhemchuzhnikov, brought his wife to Germany, who was then seriously ill and stayed there for a very long time without hope for her recovery. In one of the autumns, the poet saw a flock of cranes, whose flight direction was to his notice, from Russia to Germany. He felt longing for the Russian homeland and wrote the poem. When the song became a longing song, for the exiles of Russia, many governmental efforts were made to prevent the song from being published, and indeed, the song was performed and heard very little to this day. The first recordings of the song, with the melody, was already in 1930, approximately, but, only after Stalin's death [1953], the song began to be heard more and even then, not much, and in closed settings, almost underground, because ballroom dance were still banned and the melody of the song is in tango rhythm and Stalin's spirit still existed at that time. The song has several versions of the words, all of which are based on the source of Zhemchuzhnikov, when instead of my cold country, other places are indicated, for example, cranes above Kolyma, cranes above Afghanistan. The literal description of the words of the song is as follows, The clouds are in the gray sky and the autumn mist creep down. On the horizon there is the call of approaching cranes and in the hearts of immigrants there are already sounds from the cold land and the wide prairies. The flight of the cranes is already close, their call is already heard sharply. As in a row in their wings, as they call to me, but where the cranes came from and where they fly to I do not know yet. Maybe you came from the land where the sun that once shone and is now fading, where even the warm prairies are getting colder as if they are suffering and in the forests the wind is cutting the trees, if from there you came, then you came from my country. You came from the twilight of darkness and sadness growing with them, the ground there is already gloomy and its sons are gloomy to and sore in the soul and the heart sobs. So maybe you better stop flying over me, cranes.
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