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התרגומים לאנגלית נעשו באמצעות המנוע "מתרגם גוגל" והתרגום הועתק לאתר בצורתו המקורית ללא עריכה נוספת
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Notes written by Izzy Hod: The song, the sea hawk, or, sea hawk, began its writing with the production of the film of the same name, in Odessa, in the spring of 1941, before the start of World War II, in Russia, in June of the same year and finished its writing in January 1942 in the city, Novorossiysk, to which the team of the production was transferred, to continue the production of the film, according to the government's requirements, due to the beginning of the war in Russia. The film and the song had a partial and temporary success after its release in Russia and for some unknown reason the film and the song disappeared...but in the production city of Novorossiysk the song remains very loved. In 1943, the city, Novorossiysk, became the frontline of World War II in Russia, it was occupied by the Nazi German army and in the fall of 1943, it was liberated by the Red Army. The battles in this small place lasted about 225 days and the number of bombs dropped on each area unit in the city was one of the highest in this whole war. The city and the warriors who fought in the city and even liberated it were declared the heroic city and fighter of Russia and the heroic city and fighter of the Red Army. In a book called, A Small Land, written by the President of Russia, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, he calls the city of Novorossiysk, A small land and describes in the book the events of the war in the city and especially an exhausting event, in which many of the elite fighters of the Red army collapsed and then right before the battle was lost, a warrior rose up and began to sing the song, Sea Hawk, a song that was loved by the townspeople who were among the warriors, and to the description of Brezhnev, the warriors came to their strength and won the battle. Brezhnev wrote his book in the mid-seventies of the twentieth century and naturally it was read by many and the interest in this battle grew and with it renewed interest in the poem, The sea hawk. The sea hawk is the name of an imaginary merchant ship, which in the Russian film The sea hawk [1942], was disguised as a gunship and sent to the Black sea, as a lure for a German submarine, which stayed in this sea and sunk, one by one, innocent merchant ships. The plot of the film is partially based on a real event, the sinking of the Russian destroyer, Kaisma, or Giasma, in the waters of the Baltic Sea, on the night of June 21, 1941, but unlike in the movie, where the Sea Hawk enters the battle and even defeats the German submarine, in reality, the Russian destroyer sank and all her crew perished. The film and the song were almost non-existent. Filming began in Odessa, during the Nazi army's attack on the city. When the city was almost in a siege, the production team found a ship, and was rescued by sea, but on the way the ship was attacked by the planes of the German army and was not far from sinking. The content of the film tells about a German submarine, in World War II, which disguises itself as a merchant ship and in this disguise, sinks a Russian merchant ship, named Vyatka. In response, the Russian navy disguises a merchant ship, as a warship, carrying invisible heavy guns, and its name, the Sea hawk [Yastrev in Russian]. The two camouflaged ships meet in the middle of the sea and the camouflaged German submarine deviously hits the Russian camouflaged ship, but its sailors manage to prevent it from sinking and in accordance with the plans of their commander, the sailors, only seemingly, abandon the ship. The commander of the German submarine, mistakenly thinking that the Russian ship was overrun and sailed towards it to capture prisoners. Then, the Russian gunners, who remained secretly in their ship, opened fire and sank the German submarine. The content of the song is that, Let's smoke the sailor's pipes, and leave the dark cabins, let the waves reach the wheelhouse, But they won't knock it down, on this Oak shell, Iron people live. The Sea hawk leaves the shore, And the girl waves her hand. We vowed to fight to the grave, and to stand the thousand storms ahead of us. After all, a Hawk sign, impaled on our chest. Goes away from the shore, Sea hawk, and a girl waves her hand. We have twisted a rope, we are proud of this friendship. We go out to sea, guys, the Motherland waves to us. On deck, a winged sail, takes off like a Sea hawk. The Sea hawk leaves the shore, And a girl waves her hand.
Sea Hawk is a Soviet one-part feature film. It was released in January 1942. The film began to be made before the outbreak of World War II at the Odessa Film Studio. In connection with the beginning of the war, many actors expressed a desire to go to the front, including the performers of the main roles. The command of the Black Sea Fleet decided not to call the artists, as it was necessary to finish filming. The film continued to be shot, often under bombing. The film crew left Odessa one of the last by sea, the railway has already been cut. The rest of the filming took place in Novorossiysk, Makhachkala, Tashkent. The plot. The last days on the eve of World War II. In the Black Sea, a German submarine disguised as a merchant navy sailboat attacks and sinks foreign merchant ships. From each of the sunken ships one person they take on board, and they witness new crimes of the commander of the German submarine. Soviet sailors learn about the boat, and to intercept the "pirate" as he was nicknamed, sent the Soviet merchant ship "Vyatka", converted into a military. Artillery guns on the ship are disguised, a team of the best military sailors dressed in civilian uniforms. This vessel is commanded by Lieutenant Captain Naidunov. On June 21, 1941, "Vyatka" meets with a "pirate." Acting on his favorite scheme, the German captain gives the ship signals a request to stop and provide assistance, ostensibly because the radio communication is spoiled. The German captain usually used to put a torpedo in the "trader" at that time, but now he has other plans, he wants to replenish his supply of food. He sends his two assistants to Vyatka for talks with the Soviet captain. Negotiations are difficult, both sides suspect each other of deception. The German captain's assistants return to the board and report: they have not been able to find out what kind of ship it is, what kind of cargo is on it and whether there are stocks of provisions. It was also not possible to get into the radio tube to spoil the radio station. "Pirate" opens fire on the "Vyatka" from artillery guns. Suddenly, the "Vyatka" also responds with fire, and after the second shot, which was fired past the ship (such was the order of Naidinov), the sailboat suddenly explodes and sinks. It was the Germans who used the trick, blowing up a false add-on and quickly sinking on the submarine. Naidanov orders the team to camouflage the vessel under the "Sea Hawk" scaffolding. By the morning of June 22, the work was finished. On this day, the German "pirate" meets again with the Soviet ship. The pirate submarine no longer pops up, it torpedoes the ship from an underwater position. The Sea Hawk team hastily patched the hole, simulates a commotion, a fire on the ship, and hastily, "in a panic," leaves it. In fact, the ship remained the commander and gunners at two guns. The captain of the German submarine sees in the periscope that the crew left the ship. He decides to approach the imaginary scaffolder closely, to resurface and shoot it from the gun. As the submarine approached the Sea Hawk, two guns were fired at it. The boat gets significantly damaged and sinks...
SEA HAWK Muses. Yu. Milutina, v. E. Dolmatovsky In the spring of 1941, director Vladimir Brown was shooting the feature film Sea Hawk at the Odessa Film Studio. The film told about the hard struggle of the Soviet patrol ship with a submarine of some conventional enemy. Filming was in full swing when the war suddenly broke out, and the script had to be urgently clarified: the enemy submarine, which was camouflaged as a peaceful fishing boat, was German. Initially, it was planned to instruct the composer Yuri Milutin to write music for the film. But he was working on two films at the time: in Moscow - on the film "Hearts of Four", and immediately, in Odessa, on the film "The Sailor's Daughter". Therefore, instead of him, the director Brown invited Heinrich Vars, the head of Lviv Thea-jazz. Vars had a lot of experience in Polish cinema, so he easily coped with the musical design of the film "Sea Hawk". But when it came to writing the title song, he politely, but firmly refused, explaining his refusal by the fact that to write a popular song you need to be a citizen of the USSR and know well the character, life, manners, and aesthetic requests of the Soviet people. A foreigner who has lived in the country for only two years cannot know anything about it. And he was right, of course. Fortunately, at this time Yu Milutin was released. He immediately agreed to write the song necessary for the film and suggested that the lyrics of the future song could be written by the young poet Yevgeny Dolmatovsky, with whom he successfully worked on the songs for the film "Hearts of Four". Milutin's song on Dolmatovsky's words turned out to be wonderful, and the words of the chorus "Leaving the shore of "The Sea Hawk" and the girl waving her hand made a special impression. The war began, and it was decided to stop shooting, but at the insistence of the military consultant of the picture of Rear Admiral B. Shchukov they continued, because it was already a film about the fight against the Nazis. And the work on the film continued, even though Odessa has already begun to be bombed. The situation deteriorated and the film crew was relocated to Novorossiysk to complete the work. Here the artists engaged in the film, in their spare time formed an artistic group and performed in hospitals, at conscription stations, in military units, in the workshops of factories and factories. And each of their performances they ended with a performance of the song "Sea Hawk." The song was melodic, easy to remember, its content said a lot to every sailor. And when the film "Sea Hawk" was released on January 24, 1942, it was recognized and loved in all corners of the country. Beginning with the "Slumschev thaw" the movie "Sea Hawk" for some unknown reasons was removed from the box office and gradually forgotten. And since his title song was not recorded on the record and was not broadcast on the radio, it was forgotten. But in the mid-70s, no one like Leonid Brezhnev in his book "Small Land" unexpectedly reminded of it. The small land was called a small piece of land near Novorossiysk, recaptured from the Nazis by the Marines of the 18th Airborne Army and held by them 225 heroic days. Military statisticians then calculated that for each defender of the Small Land accounted for almost 1,330 kg of enemy bombs and shells. And here in this, in no way described, there was a place for the song. Especially beloved, according to L. Brezhnev, was the song "Sea Hawk." Since then, this song has experienced a kind of rebirth: it was again published in song collections, it was performed by the popular singer Joseph Kobzon.
A trap ship or a trap ship is a ship that has a hidden powerful weapon and looks like a merchant ship. In world wars it was used to provoke submarines to surface and attack from the surface. This gave the ship a chance to destroy the submarine with retaliatory fire. HMS Tamarisk,a British World War I trap ship In World War I, the trap ships were used by the Royal Navy,as well as to a lesser extent Kaiserlichmarine. During World War II, they were used by both the British and the U.S. Navy. HMS Kingfisher (1675) was specifically designed to counter attacks by Berber pirates in the Mediterranean. Disguised as a merchant ship, it hid the guns behind the false-panels. In addition, the ship was equipped with various means of changing the appearance. During the French Revolutionary Wars, a French brigdisguised as a merchant ship and most of the crew, sheltered on the lower deck, was destroyed by a Vulture caper from Jersey. By 1915, Britain desperately needed measures to counter German submarinesth at damaged maritime communications. The use of convoys that had proved effective earlier was rejected because of the Admiralty's lack of resources and the opposition of independent captains. The depth bombs of that time were relatively primitive, and practically the only chance to sink the submarine was its firing of guns or ram on the surface. The main difficulty was to lure the submarine out of the water. For this purpose, the trap ships, one of the most secret projects of that war, were proposed. Their English code designation, the z-boat, originated from the name of the home port, the name of the home port, the one in Ireland. In Germany, they were called U-Boot-Falle. Such a ship outwardly seemed to be a defenseless target, but in reality had a hidden weapon. A typical trap ship looked like a cargo ship sailing alone in the submarine area. Posing as a suitable target for a deck gun, it could have provoked the submarine captain to attack from the surface instead of using torpedoes, the stock of which was limited. The cargo of the ship-traps was a light tree (balsa or cork) or empty wooden boxes, which even with torpedoing allowed to stay afloat, continuing to provoke the submarine to surface for the use of the deck gun. The crew of the trap ship could even simulate the evacuation, but when the submarine surfaced, the camouflage was removed, and the guns disguised by it opened fire. At the same time, the British navy flag was raised. At the same time, the crew of the ship-trap was in no hurry to open fire immediately, waiting for the submarine to open the felling hatch to deprive it of the chance to dive urgently and escape from the attack. Thanks to the element of surprise, the submarine could be quickly destroyed. The first victory was won by a trap ship on June 23, 1915. In total, in 150 battles, British trap ships destroyed 14 German submarines and damaged 60, their own losses amounted to 27 out of 200. The trap ships account for about 10% of all sunken German submarines, which is lower than the efficiency of conventional minefields. Kaiserlichmarine used six trap ships during the Baltic Sea Maritime War. They did not succeed in destroying enemy submarines.
https://blog-norma40-ru.translate.goog/?p=2906&_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=ru&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc///Song "Sea hawk" by Yuri Milyutin on the verses of Yevgeny Dolmatovsky. History of creation. For 225 days and nights, the soldiers of the 18th Airborne Army fought heroically on a small bridgehead on the outskirts of Novorossiysk, which went down in the history of the Great Patriotic War as "Small Land". From the explosions of enemy shells and bombs, everything was blown up here, it seemed that nothing was left alive. For every small landowner, there were 1250 kilograms of the deadly metal. And today it is difficult to imagine how art, music, song could find their place in the atmosphere of such a pitch hell. There is a remarkable episode in Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev's book "Small Land". Seiner "Ritsa" ran into a mine in Tsemesskaya bay and went to the bottom. The soldiers who were on it were after the explosion in the icy water. Those in distress were picked up by a team of one of the landing motobots. Soaked to the skin, chilled people had to join the battle from minute to minute. And suddenly, in this difficult situation, in the light of explosions and fiery trails, a song sounded. It spoke of the indomitable will and courage of the sailors. “Slowly,” writes Leonid Ilyich, “heads began to rise, those who were lying down sat down, those who were sitting got up, and now someone began to sing along. I will never forget this moment: the song straightened people. In spite of what they just experienced, everyone felt more confident, gained combat form." What is this song? In the spring of 1941, at the Odessa Film Studio, director Vladimir Braun began filming the film "Sea Hawk" based on a script by N. Shpanov and A. Mikhailovsky. The picture was conceived as an adventure film with a sharp, gripping storyline…A pirate submarine disguised as a sailing ship has appeared in our waters and is attacking foreign merchant ships sailing to Soviet ports. Naval sailors are tasked with finding and destroying a pirate ship. The film told about how the sentries of the maritime borders completed this combat mission. And although according to the script the action took place in peacetime, it was essentially supposed to be a film about a future war. It took a song for the picture. The composer Yuri Milyutin, who at that time worked a lot and fruitfully in the cinema, was asked to write it. He readily agreed, especially since the film was created on the maritime theme, to which the composer had a special affection. But who will write the poetry? Yuri Sergeevich proposed the candidacy of the young poet Yevgeny Dolmatovsky. Soviet poet Evgeny Dolmatovsky Evgeny Aronovich Dolmatovsky (1915-1994), Soviet poet. Publicistic lyrics, poems, lyrics; collections "Word about Tomorrow" (1949; USSR State Prize, 1950), "Years and Songs" (1963), "It was. Notes of a poet "(books 1-3, 1973-88). A book about the Great Patriotic War - "Green Brama" (1981-82). The story "International carriage" (1986). “Milyutin was clearly at risk when, at the end of 1940, he invited me to write poems for songs for the movie“ Sea Hawk ”, and then for the comedy“ Hearts of Four, ”recalls Evgeny. Dolmatovsky. But the song was a success. She had the romance of the sea, she talked about traditional naval friendship, about love for the Motherland: We have twisted a rope , We are proud of this friendship. We go out to sea, guys, the Motherland waves its hand to us. On the deck, a winged sail Takes off like a sea hawk. In the midst of work on the film, the Great Patriotic War began. “We, the actors, have decided that there is no point in filming the film, it’s not time, we have to go to the front,” wrote in his memoirs People's Artist of the USSR I. Pereverzev, who played the main role of Lieutenant-Commander Alexander Naydenov. “But our consultant is Rear Admiral B. Zhukov had a different opinion: now it is very important to finish the film and show it to the audience. " Filming continued. They took place in difficult conditions, sometimes under bombing. Once the operators even managed to shoot footage of a downed Nazi plane. It was originally supposed that the song will be performed by the famous film actor Alexey Kmit. The other actors involved in the picture also learned the song. But in the end, the director opted for the young artist Cheslav Sushkevich, who played the role of the sailor Karpenko. How did this song get to Malaya Zemlya? It is difficult to answer this question precisely. The history of wartime songs knows many cases when this or that melody became beloved precisely on this, and not on any other sector of the front, in this, and not any other branch of the army. As for the song "Sea Hawk", its path can be traced as follows. The film crew continued to work in Novorossiysk after Odessa. In this city, artists often performed in front of soldiers at recruiting centers, in military units, in hospitals. And each time they ended their performance with a song about "Sea Hawk". It was performed not only by Ch. Sushkevich, but also by the choir - the whole brigade of artists who took part in the concert. So "Sea Hawk" was recognized and loved in Novorossiysk even before the film was released. Apparently, from here she came to Malaya Zemlya, where she found her true birth. She was born here as a warrior song, as a warrior song. Source: Lukovnikov A.E. Friends-fellow soldiers. Moscow, 1980.
Seahawk (film, 1941) Sea Hawk is a 1941 Soviet one-part feature film directed by Vladimir Braun . Released on screens in January 1942 . Filming began even before the start of World War II at the Odessa Film Studio . In connection with the outbreak of war, many actors expressed a desire to go to the front, including the leading actors. The command of the Black Sea Fleet decided not to call on the artists, as it was necessary to finish filming. The film continued to be shot, often under bombardment. The film crew was one of the last to leave Odessa by sea, railwayalready cut. The rest of the filming took place in Novorossiysk , Makhachkala , Tashkent .Andrey Fayt as commander of a German submarine. The last days on the eve of the Great Patriotic War . In the Black Sea, a German submarine , disguised as a sailboat of the merchant fleet, attacks foreign merchant ships and sinks them. From each of the sunken ships, they take one person on board, and they become witnesses of new crimes by the commander of the German submarine ( Andrey Fait ). Soviet sailors learn about the boat, and the Soviet merchant ship Vyatka, converted into a military ship, is sent to intercept the "pirate", as he was called. Artillery guns on the ship are disguised, a team of the best military sailors are dressed in civilian uniforms. This ship is commanded by Lieutenant Commander Naydenov ( Ivan Pereverzev). June 21, 1941 "Vyatka" meets with a "pirate". Acting according to his favorite scheme, the German captain gives signals to the shipa request to stop and provide assistance, ostensibly because the radio connection was broken. The German captain usually launched a torpedo at this time, but now he has other plans, he still wants to replenish his food supply. He sends his two assistants to the Vyatka to negotiate with the Soviet captain. Negotiations are going hard, both sides suspect each other of deceit. The assistants of the German captain return on board and report: they were unable to find out what kind of ship it was, what kind of cargo was on it, and whether there were provisions there. Also, it was not possible to penetrate into the radio room in order to spoil the radio station. "Pirate" opens fire on "Vyatka" from artillery pieces. Suddenly, the Vyatka also responds with fire, and after the second shot, which was fired past the ship (that was Naidenov’s order), the sailboat suddenly explodes and sinks. It was the Germans who used the trick, blowing up the false superstructure and quickly plunging into the submarine. Naydenov orders the crew to camouflage the vessel under the Sea Hawk timber carrier. By the morningOn June 22, the work was completed. On this day, the German "pirate" meets with the Soviet ship again. The pirate submarine no longer floats, it torpedoes the ship from a submerged position. The Sea Hawk team, having hastily repaired the hole, imitates a commotion, a fire on the ship, and hastily, “in a panic”, leaves it. In fact, the commander and gunners remained on the ship at two guns. The captain of a German submarine sees through the periscope that the crew has abandoned the ship. He decides to get close to the imaginary timber carrier, emerge and shoot him with a gun. When the submarine approached the Seahawk, two guns opened fire on it. The boat is heavily damaged and sinks...This section is an unordered list of miscellaneous facts about the subject of the article. In the film, the song " The Sea Hawk Leaves the Shore" is heard . Its authors are composer Yuri Milyutin and poet Yevgeny Dolmatovsky . Performs a song in the film sailor Karpenko (actor Grigory Mikhailov ) The film is partly based on real events: the attack of a German torpedo boat on the Soviet cargo ship "Gaisma" in the waters of the Baltic Sea on the night of June 22, 1941. However, if, according to the plot of the film, the sailors enter into a confrontation with the Germans and eventually win, then in reality the Soviet ship sank and its crew died. The main filming of the film took place in Odessa besieged by Nazi troops . And only after the city was surrounded by the Germans, the film crew boarded one of the last motor ships and left the city under fire from enemy aircraft.
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