כדי לשחזר את השיר בשפה המקורית אם אינו מופיע לאחר לחיצה על שם השיר המסומן כאן בקוו תחתון או כדי למצוא גירסות נוספות העתיקו/הדביקו את שם השיר בשפת המקור מדף זה לאתר YOUTUBE
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התרגומים לאנגלית נעשו באמצעות המנוע "מתרגם גוגל" והתרגום הועתק לאתר בצורתו המקורית ללא עריכה נוספת
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Notes written by Izzy Hod: The romance, In the plain of the valley, was written by the poet Alexei Marzhlyakov, for a student named Anisia Valyaminova-Charnova, with whom he was in love, in 1810 and in her father's house he wrote the words to the poem. But only in 1830, the poet published his poem, which quickly became a very popular folk song. Those who were present at the time of writing, said that the writing of the entire poem was finished that day, but the name changed from time to time and was called even, Loneliness, or, The song. In some publications, the poet's name was even omitted. As for the melody, opinions differ. Initially, the melody was borrowed from another song, by the composer, Osip Antonovich Kozlovsky [a melody written to other words, written by Pyotr Matveyovich Karabanov], after that, the song was performed with a melody written by the composer, Stefan Ivanovich Davydov and Marzhlyakov's writing partner, Daniel Nikitich Kashin, was also one of those involved and it is possible that Kashin himself wrote the melody. Because of the confusion, the tune was finally recorded as a folk song. The song regained fame in 1883 when the painter, Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin, painted the famous painting that he named, Marzhlyakov's Song, In the plain of the valley and in the painting, a single, huge oak tree in a wide and desolate valley. Loneliness lingered for many years in Marzhlyakov, because of the unrequited love, and in Shishkin, after the sudden death of his wife. Shishkin was married twice and fathered children from his two wives, both of whom died one after the other. Shishkin, who knew Marzhlyakov's poem and identified with its content, gave the best explanation for this content in his painting, a broad and strong oak, which remains alone in a broad and huge plain and has no one left to protect and has neither a spouse nor offspring to share its wealth and happiness with. The same loneliness that the poet, Marzhlyakov, who was a professor in Moscow, felt when his student, he dedicated the poem to, left. Indeed half of the poem concerns the lone oak tree, but the other half, to a lone human figure, as the lone oak. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka, the Russian composer, wrote piano variations to the tune of the song in 1826. Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky wrote a play in 1859 called Thunderstorm and in the play, one, the watchmaker Koligin, rhymes the song. The show is about a girl who, until her marriage, lived a romantic life in her mother's home, when she gets married, her life becomes unbearable, accompanied by betrayals in the family and finally, she commits suicide. Kuligin in the play, is a watchmaker, a very technical man and a tradesman, with a secondary role, who while searching for a way to operate a machine without an energy supply [perpetum mobile], he amuses himself a lot and sings this song as well. In 1912 and then, in 1933 and restored in 1965, the show was produced, as films of the same name and in 1977, the show was also renewed. The song is also heard in the movies. Several operas were written, based on the initial performance, between the years 1952-1867.
Like most of his other songs, it is dedicated to Anisia Veniaminova-Grain and is written in the Moscow estate of her father Yuabouther daughter. The song became popular even before the author's publication in 1830. Decembrist A. E. Rosen heard it from a soldier on duty in the Petropavlovsk fortress as early as 1826. But, most interestingly: different sources, including modern, the author of this popular melody called completely different faces, ignoring each other and without any evidence. Namely, they mention the names of D. Kashin , a permanent co-author of Merzlyakov, O. Kozlovsky and S. Davydov. From Sat.: Anthology of Russian Song / Sost., pre-may. And a comment. Victor Kalugin. M.: Exmo, 2005: "Who doesn't know Kashin's votes on Merzlyakov's words? Who who heard Sandunova does not remember the songs of Kashin," Nikolai Polyeva wrote in 1833, when the words, melodies and voice of Sandunova were already in the memory. But one of Merzlyakov's songs to Kashin's music was a long life. "Among the valleys is equal..." preserved in living life throughout the 19th century. Her melodies were repeatedly addressed by other composers. The most famous pastiche is K. P. Wilboa (1860). Russian folk songs. / Sost. And the introductory texts of V.V. Varganova. M.: True, 1988: The song "Among the valleys of level..." is one of the most famous, versions of which are recorded by the collectors of folklore until now. The song is based on the melody of the composer O.A. Kozlovsky; one of the musical variations created by M.I. Glinka. Art historian Boris Almazov calls the composer S. Davydov the author of the music (his version of the creation is below). Clearly influenced by this song formed the melody and partly the lyrics of the song "Transval, Transval, my country..." of the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902). A number of motifs in them coincide (hanging tree, longing for the homeland), wed. "Transval...": Transval, Transval, my country, You are all on fire! Under the tree, the brooding bure sat. What are you talking about, old man, what are you thinking? I year down at home, and sorry native land…In the literary source of the song "Transval..." G. Galina's poem "Bur and His Sons"-there were no such lines, it is a folk insertion. Alexey Merzlyakov (1778-1830) graduated from Moscow University, became his professor and taught Russian lyricism. He is the author of works on the theory of literature, translator. The song poems of Merzlyakov open the genre of "Russian song"-the author's song-romance, stylized as folklore (most of the current familiar "Russian folk" songs is based on the poems of Russian poets of the 19th century; widespread original folk songs are not really so much: say, "In Taganrog"...). Many of Merzlyakov's songs were written in collaboration with composer D.N. Kashin. (Chapter of K.: Diamonds BA "Not only music to words..." Memoirs to the guitar.-M.: Centpoligraph: MiM Delta LLC, 2003, page 282-291.) The song is stunning with simplicity and sadness. She is clear and majestic in everything - in understanding the tragedy of life, in resilience, with what hero of her, like a lonely mighty oak, endures his loneliness and longing, this song about unrequited love ... But why then such a splash sound in it the final words: "Take all the honors, all the gold back! I'm a motherland, I'm nice, give me a nice look." This is a true Russian song, if only because the author of it does not separate his love from the love of his native land, it is a song about the Motherland and that special, pinching feeling, which is, perhaps, the basis of Russian patriotism. I am not accidentally saying this, because here reflected not just the worldview of the author, but also the time of the creation of the song, and even the place where it was written...And it is written at once! In one breath! Within an hour! Only in this way, perhaps, an amazing poetic monolith could have been born. But let's not be in a hurry! I'll tell the whole story in order...In the rhythm, so to speak, driving on a dusty road, perhaps, not threes, and a cab of a pair, because the road though not painfully close, but not far away-in the suburban estate of Jodochi.
This is how the author of the famous song described it in his poem "The Route to Yodichi": The road to friends is true and short, But in our cursed age the iron became a convenient route and to friendship even gentle! So, you will meet first Moscow River. Follow the path that has long been known by the Russians' Bedami; Go for the ferry, and on Smolensk take a ride to the near mountain, where they beat Moscow with a bang, and you are not lazy to give a nod to the Moscow bustle, and immediately to the left of Poklonnaya, to the dull Setuni jets, to Ochakov to direct the way, Okolet sweet writer Rossiada poured delights into the russian chest. And there without any obstacles, The Stesya smooth and direct you on Kaluga will be a pillar and past the Lykova In the village will enter the Yamskaya Her Davydkov name...Let's interrupt the poems to ahis! But now it's a feature of the city! This is Moscow. Even a person who does not know the capital, who was there from time to time, learns many names that flashed here, mentioned by the poet. From the Moscow River, on the ferry (the Borodino Bridge will be built in a century, and while the poet hurrying to his friends has not yet heard, perhaps, the name of the village of Borodino). The war is already in the air, it is already at the borders, and about the fate of the homeland constant conversations, night dumas, poems and...Song. But "the treacherous Buonaparte has not yet dared to invade our borders." Following the "Route to Jodochi", we will pass the square near the Kiev railway station and enter the area of Dragomilovskaya outpost, where in those years was flooded with floods and floods, the Pit suburb. And here it is, the Smolensk Road, on which many troubles came to Moscow. Napoleon's legions will come along it in just a year. Here, on Poklonnaya mountain, the emperor will wait, in a gray coat and a small tricorne, "Moscow kneeled" and will not wait. And then transparent and quiet in those years the river Setun and the village of Volynsky. Places worn out by the soles of generations. Did Napoleon, near whose estate he was waiting for, "boyar la rue"? Volynsky, according to the historian of the last century, was owned by the hero of Kulikov field Dmitry Bobrok-Volynsky, it is said in the annals: "The governor is deliberate, graceful and removed zelo" and so glorious and so loved that contrary to tradition received the name not by name, and the village received his name. Bobrock is from Volyn, which was ravaged by Poles at that time. From there he came to the service of not yet Saint, not yet The Donn Prince of Moscow, his namesake Dmitry Ivanovich, to serve with faith-truth and military skill. Today it is the district of Kuntsev. And what kind of "Ochakovo" will meet on the way to our traveler? Now he is more known by the brand of beer. And it is not only the name given by one of the brilliant victories of the Russian weapon, the owner is famous! The famous poet, playwright, founder of several magazines, the author of many songs and even the famous Masonic hymn "Kol glorious our Lord in Sion", Mikhail Mikhailovich Heraskov, bought this estate in 1781, and "Ochakovo" was famous not only for the fact that here is written the epic "Rossiada", but in general all the special life in this "literary" name. Contemporaries recalled that in "Ochakov" there was a study in the garden, and there were a venzel of all engaged in literature...(How many of them, if one gazebo is enough to accommodate the venzels of all the writers of the time? "There were every day charms: heterogeneous rural feasts, theaters, illuminations, fireworks and anything that can amuse the mind and feelings...Immortal our piit, the elder Heraskov, walked in a phony grove, thinking, inventing his songs..." "Invented," by the way, pretty. His songs were sung all over Russia. Kind of lovely, cute eyes! You hide from your eyes, rivers, and forests, and mountains will separate us for a long time. It was sweet to be to know Me, my beloved, with you, Bitter, bitter to part, Bitter...as if with a soul! Oh, unbearable torment, what kindly, then lose! Slow, slow, separation...Slow to take away the soul! Classics of sentimentalism. Tears-buckets! But, as another poet, N. Korzhavin, will say two hundred years later, "pain remains in any affectation pain, and fate remains in any manifestation of fate." Words are naive, and feelings are perhaps hotter than the present, tested by separation and trouble. It's the Captain's Daughter's time. Piotr Strahov, a physicist, translator and theatre director, lived in Ochakov. At one time he served as Heraskov's personal secretary. The famous poet and helped to get a talented young man education. Piit is also a landowner, and therefore, the owner of serfs souls. But there was no "wild bar" in Ochakov, and the serfs did not feel like slaves, and one of them was famous no less than his master. The composer A. Dubyuk, the poet A. Polezhayev, considered his friendship with him for honor. He took lessons from M. Lermontov. Lessons of what? Playing guitar! That serf (he became free after heraskov's death) was called Mikhail Vysotsky. He is not only the most famous virtuoso guitarist, but also a composer and teacher. Open any textbook of playing guitar, any music collection-be sure to find his sketches, plays, translations of songs and romances for the guitar enough! And did I dodge the route, it's about the song? I didn't dodge it at all. All these people not only knew the author of "Among the Valley of Equals" well, but also were friends with him and took part in his fate, and therefore in the fate of his works. And with Insurance and Vysotsky he is connected with work. As Strakhov is the rector of Moscow University, and our poet served as a professor in the Department of Eloquence and Russian Literature. Vysotsky is partly a colleague in pedagogical activities. Lermontov studied with him! He taught the future great poet not to play the guitar, but to literature. And his lectures were listened to by Lazhechnikov, Griboedov, Vyazemsky, Tyutchev, Venevitinov...So who is entering Davydkovo? A friend of Shchukovskiy, the Turgenev brothers, the Kaisarov brothers, Voykov, with whom, while still a student, organizes a literary society, a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, the Society of History and Antiquities of the Russian, Kazan and Yaroslavl societies of literature lovers, an honorary member of the University of Vilnius...Who is it? who? Professor Alexey Merzlyakov, professor at Moscow University. And he is in a hurry in Jodochi not by accident! The daughter of the owner of the estate-Ansya Fedorovna Velyaminova-Sernova-his student. She is hotly and hopelessly in love with the poet-teacher. This is how the poet and writer M.A. Dmitriev remembers about this time and about Merzlyakov (don't confuse with I. I. Dmitriev, the author of the famous "The Blue Dove", it's his nephew. «...The best time of Merzlyakov's life was before 1812; that time was the most pleasant for him, the most blooming, both for man and for the poet; time, filled with dreams unfulfilled, but nevertheless enlivened his passionate soul. Everyone loved him, appreciated his talent, his good soul, his extraordinary simpleness. He was sorry and protected by his natural carelessness." About "carelessness" is doubtful, but about "dreams of the unfulfilled" everything - the truth...Most likely, Merzlyakov himself understood the failure of his hopes. She shared it with Ansia Fedorovna not only the age difference (it was for him: already for thirty years, considered at that time hefty. "Well, fullness! You are old people with" ("Woe from the mind"). About Famusov, and he is no more than 47 years old! Onegin is 21! "Old General", husband Tatiana Larina - 37!), but the difference in origin, and in general, can not be love undivided?! That's the higher it is! Alexey Merzlyakov was born in 1776 in the village of Dalmatov in the Perm province in the family of a poor merchant and achieved everything in his life thanks to extraordinary talent and diligence. At the age of thirteen, he wrote "Ode to peace with Sweden", was noticed by the bosses of the Perm People's School, the Governor-General Count zavadovsky, and he gave the ode to the Empress herself. The ode was well received, and the young poet was accepted by the Highest Command to the "state cat" in the Moscow Noble Boarding House, and then, after graduating from the University, becomes his professor. And he took the pulpit until he died. That's the whole biography. But the absence of external events does not exclude the tense spiritual life, and Merzlyakov "in appearance is very simple, was beautiful soul, noble heart, felt deeply and noble." "He talked about his loneliness," Dmitriev recalls, "he spoke with sadness, took the chalk and wrote almost half of the song on the open scraper table. Then he was offered a pen and a paper: he rewrote the written and immediately finished the whole song." So I see the green cloth of the card table, and chalk in the large hand of Alexey Fedorovich, and antique furniture, and candles in chandals, and silent servants in wigs and liveries, and bearded yard that pick up horses and crews at the gates of the estate and everyone sees, everyone hears, everyone understands what is happening in the bar rooms...It is they in a year, armed with pitchforks and axes, putting on gray cards crosses of militias, will go to the Borodino field, it is they will skill and busily remove from Moscow fire pipes and light their capital, so that it does not get it to the soup. And they will sing The Songs of Merzlyakov, remembering, however, his name. Both "Black-haired, black-eyed" (a kind of emblem of the choir by Pyatnitsky), and "I did not think of anything in the light to put out", and "Oh, what are you, darling, do not sit cheerfully"-all that is still considered by many nameless folk artists-Merzlyakov. Interestingly, as a theorist of literature Merzlyakov-a conservator, he wrote heavy odes, imitating the style of Derzhavin, translated ancient Greek and Roman poets, and so much contributed to the development of the Russian hexameter. He opposed the romantics of the new time, demanded from poetry heroic citizenship, as it was understood in the 18th century. But, being a sincere and sensitive person, according to the memoirs of memoirists, wept with delight, reading "Caucasian Prisoner" by A. Pushkin, and wondered why this poem, written contrary to his views, so he likes. No one reads Oda Merzlyakova, his articles are forgotten, but "Among the valleys of the level" took in the gold fund of our national culture, in the people's consciousness, in the soul of the Russian man such a place that until 1975 no one knew that the song has a composer. The general opinion was "that the music was created by the people, in hundreds of variants, having taken away this single, inseparable from words humming." And the music was composed by a professional composer, a talented but little-known now Stepan Davydov. (It was not made "forgotten"! Stepan Ivanovich has been to Jodoch! I was friends with Merzlyakov. And more than once they organized competitions-who will write on a given topic music or poems! However, it took time for Merzlyakov's poems to be followed by music equal to them. Davydov wrote it after the "storm of the 12th year." Only having experienced with all the people the greatest tragedy, he recognized the deep meaning of the poet's work. By this time, the Yodochi were ruined, Velyaminov-Grains before the occupation of Moscow by the French went to his Eagle estate. "Merzlyakov was at their congress," Dmitriev wrote, "and conducted them." The father of the family galloped to the county, accepting the warriors, arming and dressing them. He gave his house to the refugees, "there were many of them, with all their poor possessions." Then the French took the Jodochi. For two days there was Murat's headquarters in the house. Invaders are always invaders. "The soldiers drank all the wine stored in the cellars, ramped up. Everyone beat and broke, chopped the piano and stoked the fireplace," Anisya Fedorovna later recalled, but not Velyaminova-Sernova, but Mrs. Kologrivova. He also married Merzlyakov. "Cut down the tree on my own." Married the sister of his university friend...And he no longer went to Jodochi, "probably he wanted to use the old feeling to eradicate the old feeling and not to renew the former impressions of his heart",-Dmitriev tells about it in such an old-elevated language. And now from the roadway, where the poet-professor in love was traveling, from those estates, there was no pit suburb, no wood or cobblestone. Some names are a song. "What you can't take away in a handful is keep in your heart," my grandmother Daria told me in the village of Preobrazhenskaya, placing a thick plate on an old gramophone disk, where Ivan Skobtsov's voice sang "Among the valleys of equal." So in the triunity of Merzlyakov-Davydov-Skobtsov and I heard it for the first time, a thousand miles from the very middle of Russia, from Moscow, where it was created, a few years after the Great Patriotic War...And this is such a song that if you hear it, you won't forget the century.
"Among the valleys of equals..." is a poem by Alexei Merzlyakov, written in 1810 and became a popular folk song. As well as a number of other light lyrical compositions, written about this time, was devoted to the author of his student Anisia Velyamnova-Gernova, in which the poet and teacher Merzlyakov was in love. According to M.A. Dmitriev's memoirs, Merzlyakov composed the entire text in an almost impromptu way. Merzlyakov himself published this poem in his book Songs and Romances (1830), and later it was sometimes printed under the names "Loneliness" and "Song"-but already in 1819 in the third part of the edition of "The New and Full Universal Songbook" "Among the Valley of Equal" was printed without the author's name, as a popular song. As for the authorship of music to the song, experts differ, and this is due to the fact that the melodic accompaniment of The Words of Merzlyakov was not immediately established. At first, the song was sung to the tune of Osip Kozlovsky,originally written to the words of Petr Karabanov ("Fly to my amiable..."). Later, Stepan Davydov's music gravitating to a more epic color became popular. In some sources, the name of D. N. Kashin is also mentioned. Apparently, however, the basis for the inspiration of all three composers was a folk melody, which Merzlyakov had in mind when composing the poem. In 1826, Mikhail Glinka wrote Variations on the theme of the Russian song "Among the Valley of The Level" for piano. In Alexander Ostrovsky's play "The Thunder" (1859), the song is sung by one of the characters - the watchmaker Kuligin. By 1883, I. Shishkin's famous painting "Among the Valley of the Level" dates back to 1883.
"The Thunder" is a five-act play by Alexander Ostrovsky, written in 1859, in the context of a pre-reformed public uplift. The events depicted by the author are unfolding in the summer in the fictional city of Kalinov on the Volga. Between the third and fourth acts of the play takes 10 days. In the Kabanov family reigns housebuilding, which is made by the mother of Tikhon Ivanovich Kabanov-Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova (Kabaniha). Katerina, the main character, from childhood lived in a climate of love and affection at her mother, but after marrying Tikhon, her life changed, became servitude. Then she falls in love with Boris Grigoryevich-the nephew of Dick's (another self-depreced, greedy and cruel). Boris is also in love with Katerina. Realizing the severity of their situation, lovers still secretly meet. Then Katerina, in her bright, God-fearing nature, confesses to her husband-in the presence of his mother-in treason, after which the life of a young woman becomes completely unbearable. Very soon Boris leaves on the orders of wild to Siberia, and Katerina. commits suicide, rushing to the Volga. The history of creation. The play was started by Alexander Ostrovsky in July 1859. After graduating from "Groza" on October 9, he sent it to St. Petersburg on October 14. The manuscript is kept in the Russian State Library. The writer's personal drama is also associated with the writing of the play "Thunderstorm". In the manuscript of the play, next to Katerina's famous monologue: "What dreams I had, Varenka, what dreams! Either the temples are golden, or the gardens are unusual, and everyone sings invisible voices...", there is an entry of Ostrovsky: "I heard from L.P. about the same dream..." PV is the actress Lyubov Pavlovna Kositskaya, with whom the young playwright had a very difficult personal relationship: she was married, and he was not free. The husband of the actress was the artist of the Small Theatre I. M. Nikulin. And Alexander cohabited with commoner Agafya Ivanovna, they had common children (all of them died at an early age). Ostrovsky lived with Agafya Ivanovnafor almost twenty years. It was Lyubov Pavlovna Kositskaya who served as the prototype of the heroine of Katerina's play, she also became the first performer of the role.
I. I. Shishkin. Among the flat valleys...Nina Boyko. In his travels, Shishkin often climbed into such forest jungle, where not every bird would fly. He looked for a suitable place, thoroughly settled himself, having chosen some fallen tree, took aim this way and that, and waved his brush. And then the admiring friends were at a loss: did he compose the landscape or did he take it directly from nature, without adding or inventing anything? But the personal life of Ivan Ivanovich developed severely. The eldest son died at the age of three; wife Evgenia Alexandrovna died after six years of marriage, leaving a four-year-old daughter and a one-year-old son, who also died soon after. Ivan Ivanovich experienced one or the other grief.A few years later, having met a beautiful woman and artist - Olga Antonovna Lagoda, whose paintings were bought by Tretyakov, Shishkin believed that happiness smiled at him, but it did not last even a year - a daughter was born, and Olga Antonovna died from internal inflammation. Shishkin was inconsolable! Only a powerful creative force did not allow him to break. In 1883 he completed the painting "Among the Flat Valley". In the midst of a flat valley, At a smooth height, A tall oak blossoms and grows In mighty beauty. Tall oak, spreading, One in everyone's eyes; One, one, poor thing, Like a recruit on the clock! Oh, it's boring for a lonely tree And a tree to grow! Oh, bitterly, bitterly well done Without a sweet life to lead! In front of the mighty oak, half the earth stretches, but no one is near. Yet the oak is calm, noble; blizzards, winds, rains, did not break him, made him more stable, more stubborn; troubles and hardships twisted the branches-hands, but also filled them with strength. The road, running down the hill, leads to it, and the oak will protect any traveler from the scorching sun or a thunderstorm. “Isn't it the same with the Russian soul? thought Ivan Ivanovich. - She can handle everything. Everything will overcome. And she will give everyone what she has. The painting "Among the Flat Valley" was shown at the Eleventh Traveling Exhibition. The audience saw not only a vast plain and a lone hero, but also understood that this was a self-portrait of the artist. © Copyright: Nina Boyko,2019. Certificate of Publication No. 21908070048
https://www.wikiwand.com/ru/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F///In the middle of the valley///Evgeny Nesterenko Boris ShtokolovIvan Skobtsov///From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia///"In the midst of a flat valley ..." - a poem by Alexei Merzlyakov , written in 1810 and which has become a popular folk song. Like a number of other light lyrical works written around this time, the author was dedicated to his student Anisya Velyaminova-Zernova, with whom the poet and teacher Merzlyakov was in love. According to the memoirs of M. A. Dmitriev , Merzlyakov composed the entire text almost impromptu [1] . Merzlyakov himself published this poem in his book "Songs and Romances" (1830), later it was sometimes published under the titles "Loneliness" and "Song", but already in 1819 in the third part of the publication "The Newest and Complete Universal Songbook" " In the midst of a flat valley" was printed without the name of the author, like a popular song.
On the question of the authorship of the music for the song, the opinions of experts differ, since the melodic accompaniment of Merzlyakov's words did not settle down right away. At first, the song was sung to the melody of Osip Kozlovsky, originally written to the words of Pyotr Karabanov (“Fly to my dear ...”) [2] . Later, the music of Stepan Davydov [3] gravitating towards a more epic color gained popularity . Some sources also mention the name of D.N. Kashin [4] [5], Merzlyakov's permanent co-author. Apparently, however, the basis for inspiration for all three composers was a folk melody, which Merzlyakov had in mind when composing the poem.///Performers/// External audio files The song "Among the Flat Valley" performed by G. P. Vinogradov and the Red Banner Song and Dance Ensemble of the Soviet Army named after A. V. Aleksandrov (recorded in 1945). The song was recorded by many outstanding performers: Nadezhda Plevitskaya , Georgy Vinogradov , Ivan Skobtsov , Maxim Mikhailov , Boris Shtokolov , Yuri Gulyaev , Evgeny Nesterenko , Zhanna Bichevskaya , Leonid Fedorov , Oleg Pogudin , as well as numerous choirs. "...http://a-pesni.org/popular20/sredidoliny.htm///Boris Almazov///Amidst a Flat Valley///Words by Alexei Merzlyakov///Among a flat valley, At a smooth height, A tall oak blossoms, grows In mighty beauty. Tall oak, spreading, One in everyone's eyes; One, one, poor thing, Like a recruit on the clock! Will the red sun rise-Whom to take under the shade? Will the weather hit-Who will protect? Neither curly pines, nor willows near him, nor green bushes curl around him. Oh, it's boring for a lonely tree And a tree to grow! Oh, bitterly, bitterly well done Without a sweet life to lead! There is a lot of silver, gold Whom to give them? There is a lot of glory, honors-But with whom to share them? Do I meet with acquaintances-Bow, yes it was; Do I meet handsome people-A bow and a couple of words. I myself am afraid of some, The other runs me. All others, all friends Until the black day! Where can I rest my heart, When the storm rises? A gentle friend sleeps in the damp earth, He will not come to the rescue! There is no clan, no tribe In a strange side to me; The kind Friend does not caress me! Don't cry for joy The old man, looking at us; Do not curl around the little ones, Quietly frolicking! Take all the gold, All the honors back; I have a homeland, dear to me, Give me a dear look!///1810///"Songs and romances of A. Merzlyakov", M. 1830, song No. 2///Russian folk songs / Comp. and introductory texts by VV Varganova. - M .: Pravda, 1988. - under the title: "Song".////// "Among the Flat Valley (Chapter from the book: Almazov B. A. “Not only music for words ...”. Memoirs with a guitar. - M .: CJSC Tsentrpoligraf: MiM-Delta LLC, 2003, pp. 282-291.).///The song is amazing in its simplicity and sadness. It is clear and majestic in everything - in understanding the tragedy of life, in the steadfastness with which its hero, like a lonely mighty oak, endures his loneliness and longing, this song is about unrequited love ... But why then do the final words sound like such a splash in it: “Take all the honors, all the gold back! I have a homeland, dear to me, give me a dear look. This is a truly Russian song, if only because its author does not separate his love from his love for his native land, this is a song about the Motherland and about that special feeling that gnaws at the soul, which, perhaps, is the basis of Russian patriotism. It is not by chance that I am talking about this, because it reflected not only the worldview of the author, but also the time the song was created, and even the place where it was written...And it was written right away! In one breath! In one hour! Only in this way, probably, could an amazing poetic monolith be born. But let's not rush! I'll tell you the whole story in order... In the rhythm, so to speak, of a cab driver driving along a dusty road, perhaps not a troika, but a couple of cabs, since the road, although not painfully close, is also not far away - to the suburban estate of Zhodochi. This is how the author of the famous song described it in his poem “Route to Zhodochi”: The road to friends is true and short, But in our accursed age of iron The route became necessary and even tender friendship! So, you will first meet the Moscow River. Tread the path long known for the Troubles of the Russians; dare to take the ferry, And ride along Smolenskaya To the nearest mountains, where Moscow is beaten with a brow, And you will not be too lazy The last one to bow to the bustle of Moscow, And immediately to the left of Poklonnaya, to the dull Setun jets, Direct the path to Ochakov, From where the sweet writer of Rossiad poured enthusiasm into Russian chest. And there, without any barrier, You will appear on the Kaluzhskaya postal road, along the smooth and straight path , And past Likovaya, You will enter the Yamskaya village. Her name is Davydkov ... Let's interrupt the verses to gasp! Why, it's now part of the city! This is Moscow. Even a person who does not really know the capital, who has been there from time to time, will recognize many of the names that flashed here, mentioned by the poet. From the Moskva River, by ferry (the Borodino bridge will be built in a century, but for now, the poet hurrying to his friends has not yet heard, perhaps, the name of the village of Borodino). The war is already in the air, it is already at the borders, and there are constant conversations about the fate of the motherland, night thoughts, poems and ... songs. But "the insidious Buonaparte has not yet dared to invade our borders." Following the “Route to Zhodochi”, we will pass the square near the Kievsky railway station and enter the area of Dragomilovskaya outpost, where in those years there was a Yamskaya settlement flooded with floods and floods. And here it is, the Smolensk road, along which many troubles came to Moscow. Napoleon's legions will come along it, just a year later. Here, on Poklonnaya Hill, the emperor, in a gray frock coat and a small cocked hat, will wait for "Kneeling Moscow" and will not wait. And then the river Setun, transparent and quiet in those years, and the village of Volynskoye. Places worn by the soles of generations. Did Napoleon know, next to whose estate he was waiting for "boyars la russe"? Volynskoye, according to the historian of the last century Zabelin, belonged to the hero of the Kulikovo field, Dmitry Mikhailovich Bobrok-Volynsky, it is said about him in the annals: “The voivode is ostentatious, graceful and daring wildly” and is so famous and so loved that, contrary to tradition, he received the nickname not by the estate, and the village was named after him. Bobrok comes from Volhynia, which was then ravaged by the Poles. From there, he came to the service of the still not Holy, not yet Donskoy Moscow prince, his namesake Dmitry Ivanovich, in order to serve with faith and truth and military skill. Today it is the Kuntsev area. And what kind of "Ochakovo" will meet on the way to our traveler? Now he is more known by the brand of beer. And not only the name given by one of the brilliant victories of Russian weapons is famous, the owner is also famous! The famous poet, playwright, founder of several magazines, author of many songs and even the famous Masonic hymn “Glorious be our Lord in Zion”, Mikhail Mikhailovich Kheraskov, bought this estate in 1781, and Ochakovo became famous not only because the epic was written here "Rossiada", but in general the whole special life in this "literary" estate. Contemporaries recalled that in Ochakovo there was an office in the garden, and there were placed the monograms of all those involved in literature ... (How many of them, if one gazebo is enough to place the monograms of all the writers of that time? Contemporaries recall: there were seventeen monograms.) “There every day charms took place: various rural feasts, theaters, "Fictioned", by the way, pretty much. His songs were sung throughout Russia. Beautiful view, lovely eyes! You are hiding from the eyes, Rivers, and forests, and mountains Will separate us for a long time It was sweet to recognize Me, my love, with you, Bitterly, bitterly to part, Bitterly ... as if with a soul! Oh, unbearable torment, What is kind, then lose! Delay, delay, separation...Delay to take away the soul! Sentimental classic. Tears - buckets! But, as another poet, N. Korzhavin, would say two hundred years later, “pain remains pain in any affectation, and fate remains fate in any manifestation.” The words are naive, and the feelings, perhaps, are hotter than the current ones, tested by separation and misfortune. This is the time of the Captain's Daughter. Pyotr Ivanovich Strakhov lived in Ochakovo - a physicist, translator, theater-goer. At one time he served as Kheraskov's personal secretary. The famous poet helped the talented young man to get an education. Piit is also a landowner, and therefore, the owner of serf souls. But there was no “wild nobility” in Ochakovo, and the serfs did not feel like slaves, and one of them was famous no less than his master. Composer A. Dubuc, poet A. Polezhaev considered friendship with him as an honor. M. Lermontov took lessons from him. What lessons? Guitar games! That serf (he became free after the death of Kheraskov) was called Mikhail Timofeevich Vysotsky. He is not only the most famous virtuoso guitarist, but also a composer and teacher. Open any guitar textbook, any music collection - you will definitely find his etudes, plays, arrangements of songs and romances for the guitar. Full! But did I deviate from the route, after all, we are talking about a song? Didn't dodge at all. All these people not only knew the author of "Among the Flat Valley" well, but also became friends with him and took part in his fate, and therefore, in the fate of his works. And he is connected with Strakhov and Vysotsky by work. Since Strakhov is the rector of Moscow University, and our poet served as a professor at the department of eloquence and Russian literature. To Vysotsky, he is partly a colleague in pedagogical activity. Lermontov studied with him! He taught the future great poet not to play the guitar, but literature. And Lazhechnikov, Griboyedov, Vyazemsky, Tyutchev, Venevitinov listened to his lectures…So who is it entering Davydkovo? A friend of Zhukovsky, the Turgenev brothers, the Kaisarov brothers, Voeikov, with whom, while still a student, he organizes a literary society, a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, the Society of History and Antiquities of the Russian, Kazan and Yaroslavl Societies of Lovers of Literature, an honorary member of Vilna University…Who is this? Who? Professor of Moscow University Alexei Fedorovich Merzlyakov. And he is in a hurry to Zhodochi not by chance! The daughter of the owner of the estate - Anisya Fedorovna Velyaminova-Zernova - is his student. The poet-teacher is passionately and hopelessly in love with her. This is how the poet and writer M. A. Dmitriev recalls this time and Merzlyakov (do not confuse with I. I. Dmitriev, the author of the famous “Dove Dove is Moaning”, this is his nephew. He is married to Velyaminov’s second daughter, Anna Fedorovna Zernova) “... The best time of Merzlyakov's life was before 1812; that time was for him the most pleasant, the most flourishing, both for a person and for a poet; a time filled with dreams that did not come true, but nevertheless revived his ardent soul. Everyone loved him, appreciated his talent, his kind soul, his extraordinary simple-heartedness. They pitied and cherished his natural carelessness. As for “carelessness”, it is doubtful, but regarding “dreams that have not come true”, everything is true…Most likely, Merzlyakov himself understood the unfulfillment of his hopes. It was not only the difference in age that separated him from Anisya Fedorovna (he was already over thirty, years that were considered fair at that time. “Well, come on! You are old people, sir” (“Woe from Wit”). more than 47 years old! Onegin is 21! "The old general", Tatyana Larina's husband is 37!), but the difference in origin, and in general, can't love be unrequited?! The more sublime she is! Aleksey Fedorovich Merzlyakov was born in 1776 in the village of Dalmatov, Perm province, into the family of a poor merchant, and achieved everything in his life thanks to extraordinary talent and hard work. At the age of thirteen, he wrote "Ode on Making Peace with Sweden", was noticed by the authorities of the Perm Public School, Governor-General Count Zavadovsky, and it was he who conveyed the ode to the Empress herself. The ode was favorably accepted, and the young poet was accepted by the Highest command to the "state kosht" in the Moscow noble boarding school, and then, after graduating from the University, he becomes its professor. And he occupies the chair until his death. That, in fact, is the whole biography. But the absence of external events does not exclude the most intense spiritual life, and Merzlyakov “with a very simple appearance, was beautiful in soul, noble in heart, “He talked about his loneliness,” recalls Dmitriev, “he spoke with sadness, took chalk and wrote almost half of this song on an open card table. Then they offered him a pen and paper: he copied what he had written and immediately finished the whole song. This is how I see the green cloth of the card-table, and the chalk in Alexei Fyodorovich's large hand, and the antique furniture, and the candles in chandeliers, and the silent servants in wigs and liveries, and the bearded yard servants who clean up the horses and carriages at the gates of the estate and see everything, everyone hears, everyone understands what is happening in the master's rooms...It is they who, in a year, armed with pitchforks and axes, sewing the crosses of the militia on gray caps, will go to the Borodino field, it is they who will dexterously and efficiently take out fire pipes from Moscow and set fire to their capital so that the adversary does not get it. And they will sing Merzlyakov's songs, forgetting, however, his name. And “Black-browed, black-eyed” (a kind of emblem of the Pyatnitsky choir), and “I didn’t think about anything in the world to grieve,” and “Oh, why are you not cheerful, my dear” - everything that is still considered many nameless folk art - Merzlyakov. Interestingly, as a literary theorist Merzlyakov is a conservative, he wrote ponderous odes, imitating the style of Derzhavin, translated ancient Greek and Roman poets, and thus greatly contributed to the development of the Russian hexameter. He opposed the romantics of the new time, demanded from poetry heroic citizenship, as it was understood in the 18th century. But, being a sincere and sensitive person, according to the recollections of memoirists, he wept with delight, reading A. Pushkin's Prisoner of the Caucasus, and wondered why he liked this poem, written contrary to his views. No one reads Merzlyakov’s odes, his articles are forgotten, but “Among the Flat Valley” took such a place in the golden fund of our national culture, in the popular consciousness, in the soul of a Russian person that until 1975 no one even guessed that the song had a composer . The general opinion was that "the music was created by the people, in hundreds of variants, having selected this single tune, inseparable from the words." And the music was composed by a professional composer, a talented, but little-known now Stepan Ivanovich Davydov. (I almost misspoke "forgotten"! How forgotten if his music has been sung for the second hundred years?). Stepan Ivanovich has been to Zhodochi! Was friends with Merzlyakov. And more than once they organized competitions - who will write music or poetry on a given topic faster! However, it took time for Merzlyakov's poems to be followed by music equal to them. Davydov wrote it after the "thunderstorm of the 12th year." Only having experienced the greatest tragedy with all the people, he recognized the deep meaning of the poet's work. By this time, the Zhodochi were ruined, the Velyaminov-Zernovs, before the occupation of Moscow by the French, left for their Oryol estate. “Merzlyakov was with them at the congress,” wrote the same Dmitriev, “and saw them off.” The father of the family rode to the Zaraisk district, to receive warriors, arm and dress them. He gave his house to the refugees, "a lot of them flocked, with all their poor property." Then Zhodochi was occupied by the French. Murat's headquarters stood in the house for two days. Invaders are always invaders. “The soldiers drank all the wine stored in the cellars, they were outrageous. Everyone beat and broke, chopped up the piano and stoked the fireplace with it, ”Anisya Fedorovna later recalled, but not Velyaminova-Zernova, but Mrs. Kologrivova. Merzlyakov also got married. "Cut down a tree on my own." He married the sister of his university friend ... And he no longer went to Zhodochi, “probably, he wanted to take advantage of the habit in order to completely eradicate the former feeling and not renew the former impressions of his heart,” Dmitriev tells about this in such an old-fashioned language. And now, from that road where the poet-professor was traveling in love, from those estates, pit settlements, there was not a tree or a cobblestone left. One title and one song. “What you can’t take away in a handful, keep in your heart,” my grandmother Daria told me in the village of Preobrazhenskaya, putting a thick record on an old gramophone disk, where the voice of Ivan Skobtsov sang “Among the Flat Valley”. So in the trinity of Merzlyakov - Davydov - Skobtsov, I heard it for the first time, a thousand miles from that same central Russia, from Moscow, where it was created, a few years after the Great Patriotic War ... And this is such a song that you will hear it once - never forget a century. https://therussianshop.com/songs-and-romances-of-a-merzlyakov-russian/
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