Ilocano

Pagsasao nga Ilokano / Bahasa Ilokano

Information

Family: 

Region: Northern Luzon, many parts of Central Luzon to Mindanao (pre-1900s), worldwide (post-1900s)

Ethnicity: Ilocano people and others

Speakers: 

Time Period: 1500s

Grammar Type: 

Writing System: 

Language Status: 

Ilocano (Iloko or Standard and Hawaiian dialects) is classified as Vulnerable Language by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. (Pre-TROQA)

Ilocano (Berbanian) is not endangered according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. (Post-TROQA)

Reinachan and Delphian Ilocano (and Hawaiian Ilocano) dialects are classified as Critically Endangered according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. (Post-TROQA)

Ilocano language is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines, primarily by Ilocano people and as a lingua franca by the Igorot people and also by the native settlers of Cagayan Valley. It is the third most-spoken native language in the country. This language was introduced in all Earth Responsibly series as a language that is vulnerable language globally as well as a language that is safe in the Philippines and Hawaii.


Distribution and Conservation

The Ilocano language is spoken in the Ilocos Region, the Babuyan Islands, the Cordillera Administrative Region, Cagayan Valley, northern parts of Central Luzon, Batanes, some areas in Mindoro, and scattered areas in Mindanao (particularly the Soccsksargen region). The language is also spoken in the United States, with Hawaii and California having the largest number of speakers, and in Canada. It is the third most spoken non-English language in Hawaii after Tagalog and Japanese, spoken by 17% of those speaking languages other than English at home (25.4% of the population).


A lingua franca of Northern Luzon and many parts of Central Luzon, it is spoken as a secondary language by more than two million people who are native speakers of Ibanag, Ivatan, Pangasinan, Sambal, and other local languages.


Unfortunately, because of dominance of Modern Tagalog (as Filipino) and Philippine English dialect are official languages in the Philippines, the Ilocano language is classified as Vulnerable Language by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. In 2009, the Department of Education instituted Department Order No. 74, s. 2009 stipulating that "mother tongue-based multilingual education" would be implemented. Even major Philippine languages, such as Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Bikol, and Ilokano, are in decline, with some languages disappearing faster than others because of Cebuano, Tagalog, and English. Foreigners have pushed against the revival or used Ilocano and other languages included Indonesian, debating the replacement of English and Spanish-language place names with original Filipino languages, not including Tagalog or Spanish-orthograph-based word origins.


Ilocano is a mysterious language from the Philippine languages family, but their close relative was from Cagayan Valley to Agta, making it their sole language like Armenian. Most words of Ilocano are native and the same words as Tagalog, Isneg, Kapampangan, Ibanag, Ivatan, Indonesian, Malay, and others prior to colonization. Now, the Ilocano language has various loanwords from Sanskrit, Tamil, Persian, Arabic, Hokkien, Spanish, Quechua, Nahuatl, English, and possibly Hawaiian.


In 2012, Department Order No. 16, s. 2012 stipulated that the mother tongue-based multilingual system was to be implemented for Kindergarten to Grade 3 Effective School Year 2012–2013. Ilocano is used in public schools mostly in the Ilocos Region and the Cordilleras. It is the primary medium of instruction from Kindergarten to Grade 3 (except for the Filipino and English subjects) and is also a separate subject from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Thereafter, English and Filipino are introduced as mediums of instructions.


It is the third most spoken non-English language in Hawaii after Tagalog and Japanese, spoken by 17% of those speaking languages other than English at home (25.4% of the population). Linguists were unsure if Ilocano and other endangered languages would survive.


The epic story Biag ni Lam-ang (The Life of Lam-ang) is undoubtedly one of the few indigenous stories from the Philippines that survived colonialism, although much of it is now acculturated and shows many foreign elements in the retelling. It reflects values important to traditional Ilokano society; it is a hero's journey steeped in courage, loyalty, pragmatism, honor, and ancestral and familial bonds.

Pronunciations

Vowels


Consonants


Take Note

Words

Numerals


Animals


Places

Phrases

Greetings


Hateful / Profanity

Phrases

The Lord's Prayer / Amami (Catholic Version)

Amami, nga addaka sadi langit,

Madaydayaw kuma ti Naganmo.

Umay kuma ti pagariam.

Maaramid kuma ti pagayatam

Kas sadi langit kasta met ditoy daga.


Itedmo kadakam ita ti taraonmi iti inaldaw.

Ket pakawanennakami kadagiti ut-utangmi,

A kas met panamakawanmi

Kadagiti nakautang kadakami.

Ket dinakam iyeg iti pannakasulisog,

No di ket isalakannakami iti dakes.


The Lord's Prayer / Amami (Protestant Version)

Amami nga adda sadi langit,

Madaydayaw koma ti Naganmo,

Dumteng koma ti Pagariam,

Matungpal koma ti nakemmo

Ditoy daga a kas sadi langit.


Itdem kadakam iti aldaw itoy

Ti kanenmi iti patinayon nga aldaw.

Pakawanen dagiti basolmi

A kas iti pammakawanmi

Iti basol dagiti nakabasol kadakami,

Dinakam met baybay-an nga umannugot iti sulisog,

Isalakannakam ket iti dakes. Amen.


The Rosary

Mamatiak ti Dios Ama a Mannakabalin-amin

A Namarsua ti Langit ken Daga

Mamatiak met ken Jesucristo

A Bugbugtong nga Anak na ken Apotayo

A timmao ti Espirito Santo

Inyanak ni Santa Maria Virgen

Nagtutuok ti panagturay ni Poncio Pilato

Nailansa iti Krus,Natay ket Naitanem

Immulog ti yan dagiti natay,

Nagungar iti maikatlo nga aldaw,

Immulit sadi Langit ket situtugaw

Iti makannawan ti Dios Ama a Mannakabalin-amin

Aggapuntot sadiay a Mangukom

Kadagiti sibibiag ken dagiti natay

Mamatiak met ti Santa Iglesia Katolika

Ti panagririnnanod dagiti Sasantos

Ti pannakapakawan dagiti basbasol

Ken addanto met panagungar ti bagi

Ken Biag nga agnanayon. Amen.


Hail Mary

Ave Maria, napno ka ti gracia,

ni Apo Diyos ti adda kenka.

Sika ti nangruna a bendita iti amin a babbai,

ket bendito met ti bunga ti tian mo a ni Jesus.


Life of Poliahu / Biag ni Poliahu

On the eastern side of Mauna Kea, Poliahu encountered the ali'i Aiwohikupua. As a result of their love affair, Aiwohikupua brought Poli'ahu to his native Kaua'i. There Poliʻahu discovered that the aliʻi was already betrothed to a princess of Hawaiian Islands.


Iti daya a bangir ti Mauna Kea, nasabat ni Poliahu dagiti ali'i Aiwohikupua. Kas gapuanan ti panagayatda, ni Aiwohikupua ket nangiyeg kenni Poli'ahu idiay katutubona a Kaua'i. Sadiay, naduktalan ni Poli'ahu a ti ali'i ket naitulagdan iti maysa a dayang-dayang a taga Hawaii.



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