Philippine Pangolin

“ One of the most widely traded mammals in the world, Philippine pangolins are solitary, nocturnal, non-vocal, and semi-arboreal animals that are killed for their meat, blood, and scales. ”

– unknown author (Two Lights to Rescris only)

“ Philippine pangolins are solitary, nocturnal, non-vocal and semi-arboreal. Philippine pangolins are among the most heavily trafficked mammals in the world hunted for their meat, blood, and scales. ”

– unknown author (Historya Davvun to Weather Dragons only)

Scientific Taxonomy & Character Information

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Clade: Synapsida

Class: Mammalia

Order: Pholidota

Family: Manidae

Genus: Manis

Subgenus: Paramanis

Species: Manis culionensis

Descendant: Manidae

Named by: Casto de Elera

Year Published: 1895

Size: 30 to 90 centimetres (12 to 35 in) long, plus a 26 to 88 centimetres (10 to 35 in) tail. It weighs 2 to 77 lb (1 to 35 kg)

Lifespan: 4 to 15+ years

Activity: Nocturnal 🌃

Thermoregulate: Endotherm

Type(s):

Synapsids
Mammals (Pangolins)

Title(s):

Philippine Rolling Beast

Other Name(s)/Alias(es):

Palawan Pangolin
Filipino Pangolin

Pantheon(s):

Terran/Gaian 🇺🇳
- Filipino 🇵🇭

Time Period: Pleistocene–Holocene

Alignment: Shy

Threat Level: ★★

Diet: Insectivore 🪲

Elements: n/a

Inflicts: n/a

Weaknesses: Fire 🔥, Water 🌊, Rock 🪨, Air 🌬️, Electric ⚡, Leaf 🌿, Ice ❄️, Metal 🔩, Dark 🌑, Light 🔆

Casualties: ???

Based On: itself

Conservation Status:

Earth: Critically Endangered (CR) – IUCN Red List
Reinachos: Critically Endangered (CR) – IUCN Red List
Delphia: Vulnerable (VU) – IUCN Red List

The Philippine pangolin or Palawan pangolin (Manis culionensis), also locally known as balintong (Baybayin: ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔; Buhid: ᝊᝎᝒᝆᝓ; Hanuno'o: ᜪᜮᜲᜨ᜴ᜦᜳᜥ᜴; Jawi: بلينعتڠ), is a pangolin species endemic to the Palawan province of the Philippines.

Etymology

The name "pangolin" comes from the Malay word pengguling (ڤڠݢوليڠ⁩), meaning "one who rolls up," from guling or giling, "to roll"; it was used for the Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica). However, the modern name is Tenggiling (تڠݢيليڠ). In Javanese, it is terenggiling (ꦠꦺꦫꦺꦔꦒꦶꦭꦶꦔ꧀), and in the Philippine languages, it is goling (ᜄᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔), tanggiling (ᜆᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔), or balintong (ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔/بلينعتڠ; with the same meaning), means "one who rolls over" or "one who somersaults" in Cuyonon language. Other names in Cuyonon include balekon or balikon and goling, with the same meaning. In the Palawan language, it is also known as tanggiling (ᝦᝤᝲᝮᝲ; also spelled tangiling), also with the same meaning.

Physical Appearance

The Philippine pangolin is roughly 30 to 90 centimeters (12 to 35 in) long, plus a 26 to 88 centimeters (10 to 35 in) tail. It weighs 2 to 77 lb (1 to 35 kg). Philippine pangolins in captivity can live up to about 20 years. It is covered in small triangular scales made of keratin everywhere except the underbelly and face, making up at least 20% of the body weight. It regrows new scales when they are lost and always has the same number of scales throughout its lifespan. The scales come in shades of brown, yellow and olive, making for adequate camouflage at night. Newer offspring have much softer scales than adults and tend to weigh about 90–500 grams (3–18 oz). Areas of the body without scales are covered in a layer of hair.

The Philippine pangolin has five sharp claws per foot and powerful appendages used for digging. However, these claws are not used as weapons for attacking or defending other animals. Pangolins can also run solely on their hind legs for a duration, using their tail for balance.

Abilities

The pangolin's hard scales work as a protective cover from predators, and when it feels threatened, it curls into a ball ("volvation"). Despite being covered in scales, its tail is prehensile, enabling it to stand on its hind legs or grasp onto branches. The tail's spiky scales can be employed as a weapon to pierce adversaries or to help the species ascend and stand erect.

The tongue of the Philippine pangolin is coated in sticky saliva that helps it attract insects, and it can extend up to 25 cm (10 inches) in length. It has a long nose, no teeth, and a cone-shaped head.

Ecology

The Philippine pangolin is a myrmecophage, so it has a diet consisting mainly of, but not limited to, termites and ants. It has an incredible sense of smell that it uses to find its food. The Philippine pangolin seems to have strong preferences when it comes to the insects they eat, selectively consuming a certain species of ant or termite they like, or even actively avoiding certain species when there is enough food abundance to be picky.

Its forefeet are used to dig into mounds and logs, while its tongue harvests insects. The pangolin will only ever eat a portion of a termite or ant colony, leaving most of the mound or hill intact for the colony to regrow and act as a continuous food source for the pangolin later down the line. It consumes sand and small stones to help grind food in their stomachs.

Behavior

You scare pangolins more than they scare you. These timid animals will not harm a human. In order to defend themselves, they curl into a tight sphere and use their sharp scales to ward off predators.

Conservation

In 2016, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) listed the animal as protected under Appendix I (meaning commercial international trade was prohibited) due to how much international trade influenced pangolin hunting, under the Philippine government and international conservation law. The Zoological Society of London has listed the mammal as an EDGE species.

Distribution and Habitat

It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is found in the Palawan faunal region. Philippine pangolins’ are found in lowland primary and secondary forests, grassland mixed mosaics of agricultural lands, and scrublands adjacent to secondary forests. The population of Philippine pangolins is poorly understood. Because of its elusive, solitary, and nocturnal habits as well as its increasing rarity, this species is rarely seen. Additionally, information on population densities and abundance is lacking.

Movement Pattern: Nomadic
Individual Type: Solo
Population Trend: Stable
Population:
- Earth: ???
- Reinachos: 10,000
Locomotion: Terrestrial
Habitat: Montane Grasslands and Shrublands; Temperate Coniferous Forests; Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests; Temperate Deciduous Forests, Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands; Subtropical Coniferous Forests; Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests; Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests; Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands; Tropical Coniferous Forests; Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forests; Tropical Dry Broadleaf Forests; Tropical Grasslands; Tropical Savannas and Shrublands; Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub; Flooded Grasslands and Savannas; Swamp; Bayous/Billabongs; Riparian; Wetland; Mangrove Forest; Cold Bamboo Forests; Tropical Bamboo Forests; Air-breathing Coral Reefs; Mountain.
Earth:
- Extant (Resident): Philippines (Palawan)