sinue ee diwhui -1

SINUE SIONGRR QIVUNW EE HINGSIONG

Sinue sowjaii si lanw ee sing'uac/ lanw sinkux ham' siwjiuuii ee kuanqingw, jit xee u snewmiarlat ee sinue texhe si erdangr jiong' jiaxee sowjaii rngiuu zip dongsii ee diwsig huanruii-lai. Luxzinn py ginxaw ee ngiaxsiong ersaih qongw si soxu sinue siongrr qivunw ee hingsiong (doo 1). zimrhylangg derr id crur zinsingx qinggiam dy' si ui' maxmah py lehh kaisiw, junjai dirr buxcinx qapp juxluw jiqanx, sinvir qycc bibiau ee cinbit quanhe sueh jin snewmia ee qiglok. Dairde qapp uxdiu, jniajyr zinlui qiongrdongg ee buxcinx, qycc jiong' jitt jiongw qinggiam kokdenw qaur zinlui singlenn qinggiam nirr. Dng' lanw giac tauu knuar hiongr tnide sii, duiww uxdiu banrbut marr qamxqag diyc cniurr ham' buxcinx hiacc jurzenn barhac sii, lanw dyrr drat qaur ham' uxdiu juanzenn hyhaii ee qingwqair. Sinue qonglingg si hro lanw qniaa qaur hitt xee qingwqair qycc huniuu dirr hitt jiongw hydongg ee jingqingw nirr. Dng' siarhue huatdenw tuatli jaxqii guansiw qaidnua, zuhyy hro qywzinn ham' siarhue icii cniurr buxqniaw hitt ngiu tiauhyy qauknaa ee quanhe suacc jniajyr bunrdee. Knuar lanw siwjiuuii itcer, dyrr erdangr liauxqaiw lanw ee qihue si zuarr biauxbongg ! Digvet si dng' liw druar dirr henrdairhuar ee dua doci nirr.

Qycc laii, sinue marr u qinggiam ee lamluw quanhe. M quanw henrdai jnuaxngiu qiongdiau liongxsingr sneliw vingdingw, zinlui lxamm-luw ee cavet si binghenw qycc tetdew, qycc m si bunhuar soxx jyrsingg ee or! Luirsu liongxsingr hing'uii ee jingcax, qangrkuanw erdangr dirr qitnax dongrbut srinx-siong knuar .diyc, vixzu JANE GOODALL (Ingqog dongrbut hakqax) dngqii genxqiur iaxsingx ox singsingx (CHIMPANZEE) quancad .diyc .ee. Zinlui qywtew singdiongw diongriaur digsig jiid si u jit dnxua dngg ee iuwzii qrii, tongsiongg dirr jap-go huer jingg, dyrr si ilai verbuw. Dirr jitt qaidnua soxx huatdenw cud ee jiongxjiongw digjid, cniurr: ilai kinghiongr/ hogjiongg kuan'uix/ qitai virr zinrkyw/ qniax qiwlut ham' hunwling, jiaxee qenwqor liauw zinlui simliw qivunw jongrtair, jurr sewhanr dyrr kig dirr muixx jit xee langg ee simx nirr. Qasiong sxen-og qaiwliam, vnuaenw ee siarhue qaksig dy' si hiyrtenx ud hy lyc laii ee inwboo.

Muixx jit xee langg duxx cutsir dy' si vehjuaw jit dniux --- jit xee qandna' e jiauww vunxsingr uac ee siyw ~ singbut. Danrsi siarhue dyrr kaisiw jiong' jiongxjiongw inghiongxlat qax dirr ix srinx-siong, kyxvixqongxx, buxcinx ee sinkux, duiww ginxaw ee tairdo, dy' e ingxhiongw diyc simliw digjid. Kyxlingg e u jit xee zinjuu, ciongbuanw aiwsimx ee maxmah, iacc si vuthing duw diyc qinvunw byy sniu beh qra snex lyc laii ee maxmah. Jiaxee jinghongw quatding liauw qivunw simliw jongrtair. Lingrgua marr huathen GOODALL soxx genxqiur :ee, sewhanr osingsingx marr u jit dnxua jin' dngg siqii ilai maxmah, ham' langg qangrkuanw diyh'air binrduir singdiongw ee simliw juanxhuar : zuhyy dirr sneliw dng lingx, tuatli buxcinx jiauwqor ee jitt quanx, dongsii qycc cruw diyc simliw-siong doglip.

Itdit qaur qinrdai, buxsingr dirr zinlui siarhue dy' vnuaenw ngiuxci iuwzii qaksig, congwjy cam' ensiok sinx snewmia jniajyr luxsingr dirr siarhue juxiaur ee qonglingg. Siongduir, lamsingr dirr jitt hongbin jixu jin' dew siqanx, byy diongriaur ee derui, inx quanjur dirr qitnax surbu. GOODALL genxqiur hitt qrunn osingsingx, qangx :ee kongwjer iokk snax-jap ingliw ee uahdang huanruii, inx jaix dyhh u qingjiyx, mow soxjai ee qingjiyx qiamxjiyw ar, marr jaix kir dyc'ui cue, si duiqunn ee horuerjiaw, dng' singguann iacc si uahdang lingxhik siurr cimhuan, dyrr kia cud laii pah trer duiwdik. Dirr jitt xee ser ~ siarhue nirr, lamsingr juxiaur qonglingg si qenqor jit xee anjuann qycc jiahcing byy kiamr ee qahngg, hro luxsingr dirr qidiongx congwjy tuandui ee birlaii. Jitt nng jiongw vutjiw byy qang ee qaksig, sinkux qetqor marr qaix sna' duiwingr ee cavet. Qangx :ee vingsii be sriu sewhanr qniaxzii ziongxnau qiauxcaw, inx qandna' e kir cue maxmah qaxqunw. Zidsiongg sing'uac nirr qangx :ee ithiongr u jerje ingg siqanx, suibongw inx jaix dyc'ui u qingjiyx, naxjunxx be qib kir caixsiux. Byy sniu beh jycsid, qauginxaw be laii caw, inx beh jyr sniaw? Jixhyw jauw kir javox qurlogvo, horsiong vee jniu liac bagsad qajauw lor! Soxiw qongw, jitt jiongw cringx itsig javox ee qurlogvo/ paclac/ unrdong tuandui, jurr jaw dyrr e ee jewdo lor.

JAXVOX :EE BEH JYR SNIAIW?

Derr snax dniux doo si NEW GUINEA, THE HILL vorlok ee zinqunn. Inx dngdecc jinwhingg jit dniuu jenwdaur ee gisid, hro langg qamxqag cuwbi :ee, suibongw si gisid, kiokk zinrjinx qaxnaxx jinsit :ee. Jiaxee vorlok dy' u jin' ciongjiog ee jiahmic, horsiong qinvunw byy vit'iaur cimliok jokjenr. Mrqyxx byy cue jiahmic, byy vyxue qahngg, javolangg beh jyr sniaw? Inx vingsii byy dairjir jyr, dyrr vnir cud jenwjingx gisid. Jixsirr jit dniuu iuhir, vutqyr buxkir longxx jniawvan :ee, dagg qix mauqig narr sria .diyc, dy' si tyxmia ee. Narr u langg dirr jitt dniuu jenwjingx iuhir nirr siw .kir, gisid dyrr qetsog, soxu ee langg dngw kir cur nirr danw xe jit huee ee gisid. Jex hro javolangg u dairjir jyr, suibongw vingsii quer zidjiw iuguann suisii junxvi jenwdaur, jingsinn byy vangr sangx. Lamsingr su'iaur jyr jit quaw inx zinruii giamsiog ee su, dairjir dyrr si jiacc qanxdanx.

Inx ee sinkux cutsir laii uirr jenwdaur kongwjingx ee. Sursit-siong, muixx jit diauu qinbah dyrr jah ciongdong laii cutsir, jixu dirr hingdong-diongx, jiacc qamxqag jurqiw s.-sidjai-j. uac lehh. Incuw, jiacc huatbingg qokk jiongw iuhir: viw kuiwlat/ viw qinw/ sux-ngiaa. Lamsingr siarhue siongrr diongriaur :ee si qaiqib/ vaii miaa. GOODALL quancad osingsingx duirqunn, marr huathen jitt xee jinghingg, qrunn-lai dagg jiah singlenn qangx :ee dy' jnex beh jyr soxui “duarhniax (THE ALPHA MALE)”. Si'angg ersaih jyr “dua :ee”? si “tauhniax”? Dirr “duarqyx” ee jneduar nirr, dairsingx cutsniax :ee, e dongdniuu vuec jit qix ciurqix jyr dyx suanser, qitnax sniu beh jnex “duarqyx” xui :ee, rair dirr jitt sii hiongr ix tiaujenr, ngiaa :ee dyrr si “duarqyx”. GOODALL u jit vaiw knuar diyc jit jiah ginxaxqauu, lun texhingg iauxx cax dua bxew, mrqyxx ix jurqiw congwjyr cud jit jiaux “tad iuu-tangw” ee dongrjog, jerje pnua duer lecc jyr, suar lyc laii quixarr zit qitnax singsingx marr jyr qangrkuanw dongrjog, ix dyrr jniajyr jitt dui nirr ee “duarqyx”.

Qongw qaur jiax, guaw sniu diyc GOODALL biyue lingrgua jit xee cuwbi dai. U jit zit, jre dirr snuapyx iong diauwqniar quancad duiwbin snuapniaa jit qrunn osingsingx, u lak jiah qangx :ee, lak jiah buw :ee, qycc u ser jiah :ee duer lehh. Hitt sii duxx lyc dua ho, hionghiongg kar luii, qniax langg ee dua sniax, dui-lai soxu qangx :ee sui' vreh kiw kir qingjiyx-jangg, qycc kaisiw horsiong hiongr duiwhongx jyr cud tiaujenr ee dongrjog. Tniax quer jitt xee qowsu, guaw sniu diyc dethagqax GIAMBATTISTA VICO (1668-1744) bad qongw .quer, derr id xee siongrder qaiwliam laijurr luii-sniax ee qinggiam, si zinlui derr id crur texgiam diyc ciaucud zinlui linglik huanruii ixgua ee lat.

Osingsingx ee texdang, qangx :ee iokk si buw :ee ee nng vxue, jiamr dua dua ee iuser. Texhingg ee cavet marr qangrkuanw sik'iong lanw zinlui liongxsingr jiqanx. Derr sir doo rue :ee si GREECE sinue THESEUS vangxpiyr ANTIOPE ee jinghingg. Uerbin qionglet tuandat lamsingr kuiwlat dua,vixping diyc luxsingr ee ziusun, m na texqeh ziok, iong'i sriu sionghai, qycc si lamsingr jenr ngiaa ee mic. Zuhyy vyxho jurqiw quntew-lai ee luxsingr byy sriu qitnax vorlok lamsingr ee cniuxduat, jniajyr soxu lamsingr qiongrdongg binrduir ee landee ji' id. Jitt jiongw lxamm-luw quanhe dirr zinlui ligsuw jurr qxow dyrr u ar, lanw jingxjok ee huatdenw marr qanwjiab qoxbuw jitt nng jiongw byy qang ee sneliw hingtair. Incuw, marr jniajyr sinue diyh'air binrduir/ cuxliw ee dejaii, lxamm-luw ee sinkux dy' u siongrdingx iwgi.

Liongxsingr ee singbut jurhuad vunxsingr, lanw erdangr huathen siauwlenn buw :ee osingsingx e jurdong kir py inx siyxdi/ siyxmue, yc maxmah hitt ngiu qapp inx sngw. Qangx :ee kiokk jurlaii be anne jyr, qandna' e pah viw inx kacc sewhanr buw ee singsingx, kacc duarhanr .quaw, kaisiw cue kacc duarhanr buw singsingx viw sux- ngiaa, u qaur iongw ee sii, dyrr e jinwzip lamsingr qurlogvo, cue diyc jurqiw ee vaidin. Lxamm-luw si uanjuann byy qang ee vunxlingg/ tensingr.

E JEWJY QANGQU EE LANGG

Ixjaw, lanw jongw si zinruii zinlui ham' iaxsiu siongrr dua byy qangg si zinlui e jewjy cam' suxiong qangqu. Danghuijiux soxx huathen jit jiongw jaxqii zinlui hyrjyr kiauxlangg, hagmiaa HOMO HABILIS, iwsur si “e jewjy qangqu ee langg”. Sursit-siong, osingsingx marr erhiauw jerjy qesix. GOODALL u jit vaiw knuar diyc buw ee osingsingx tec qnuabangg, singx qra hiyc banw driau, cunx jit qix dngg ~ ~ ee qyw, cah zip kir vehqauxhia ee siu nirr, qauxhia sun srer vee kiw kir qyw-dingw, danw osingsingx vuec cud laii sii, qui' qix qyw longxx si qauxhia, osingsingx jin' kinsangx jiac diyr .diyc ee qauxhia. Vnuar diamxjingx quer, qyw nngw .kir .ar, danr driau, ngua jit qix sinx :ee. Diyr vehqauxhia ee uahdang jinwhingg liauw nng ~ snax diamxjingx, juanlik juwsinn be sux langg jiac qac'ir ee mic, iacc si juansimx tak jit vunw siyxsuad. Lanw kaksit knuar diyc osingsingx sidjai decc suxiong qangqu.

Suar lyc laii, beh laii knuar uerqax siongxsiong siongrr jaw zinlui joxsen HOMINID --- AUSTRALOPITHECINE ee sing'uac (derr go doo). Inx ee huawjiyc dairliong cuthen dirr Danghuix/ Lamhuijiux, tuicig ingxx si iokk sir ~ go vah-bxan nii jingg ee zinlui. Doo nirr jitt jiah qaulangg jniawciuw tec jit xee naxx nxng ee mic, decc jauw ee hxingg, jniawkax dac jyr jingg, zinlui ham' druar dirr ciurjangg ee qauu qinvunw ee cavet si siangx kax erdangr kia .kiw .laii qycc e jauw. Qauu dirr tokax qniaa ee sii, rair qycc jiyh jingg ciuw/ ciuxjnaiw qutjad ee lat tner, zinlui kiokk erdangr jin' kinsangx iong siangkax qniaa/ jauw. Ixjingg u langg zinruii zinlui/ qauu dirr enxhuar-siong, derr id quanqenr ee cavet si zinlui u kacc dua liap ee taunauw, mrqyxx jitmaw lanw jaix, ingwqaix si siangkax m si tauu jiacc driyc! Kax erdangr kia lecc qniaa, ciuw jiacc e “qaixhongr” cud laii uirr jerjy qapp suxiong qangqu, liauxau, nauw jiacc kaisiw jingqax.

ZINLUI SINUE SUSIONGW VUH GEE

HOMO ERECTUS au, lunn diyc henrdai HOMO SAPIENS cutdniuu lor, soxui ee NEANDERTHAL MAN, hagmiaa HOMO SAPIENS NEANDERTHALENSIS si jitt sidai jaxqii qidiongx jit jiongw sriok Ajingw, bad virr zinruii si THE APE MAN, sursit-siong, inx ee nauw ciauquer jit-cingx lak-vah libhongx qonghunx, henrdairlangg vingqinx simrjiww qycc byy jiacc dua lehh! Lanw iaxx si duiww inx kacc junqingr .quaw! Inx qutqeh quann qycc u lat ee kuanxsid, derr id vaiw cuthen iokk zi-jap-bxan nii jingg, Aujiux derr snax~ derr sir vinghyqii (RISS-WURM GLACIATION) jiqanx, sir-bxan nng-cingx nii jinwjingg, inx itdit uaw dirr vinghyy derdai sing'uac, si jit dnxua lyr ~ dngg ee sidai. Guaw digvet qiongdiau jitt xee siqanx, guan'inx si inx ixqingx uanjuann si jit jiongw henrdairlangg ar, nauw dua qaxx qauwgiac dirr iwsig-siong sanxsingx diongrdua juanxvenr! Jitt xee sidai, lanw derr id crur knuar diyc zinlui sinue sukyw cuthen, hunvet viauxhen dirr nng hongbin.

Derr id si anjongr, langg quewsinx au u bong. Dirr jitmaw ISREAL CARMEL snuakux, kyxqoxhagqax huathen lak-bxan nng-cingx nii jingg ee jit jxy bong, duliauw langqud ixgua, marr u iaxdix ee cuiwerdauw-qud, jex dairviauw ee iwgi jin' binghenw: moxjiongw hisingx henwjer ixqingx vueduer diyc zinlui ee anjongr, bong nirr langqud cniurr dirr buxsinx taizii hitt jiongw kutser, iwbi diyc huequix buxtew. Jitt jxy bong hro lanw qamxqag diyc hitt sidai duiww sinvir ee qinggiam. Lanw bing'ngiu .jit .xe, dyw dirr bong nirr hitt xui ving'iuw, kyxlingg janqingx si lanw sigsai, marr bad uac lingwlingr dirr lanw siwjiuuii qniasuaw, jingsinn vaxjiog ham' lanw qongxue. U jit zit dyw .lyc .kir, sinkux nirr moxmic lirkuix ix, srid unx/ jiamrr lingw/ gne .kir/ suacbuew kaisiw nua. Dauwdew ix lauha sniaw? Jit hxur qud ham' jit xee bong. Bong ee iwgi si lanw jitmaw soxx qamxsiu .diyc .ee: suibongw langg siw .kir, ingxuanw siausid, ix iuguann kyr moxjiongw anvaii, uac dirr lanw simx-lai. Jex si lanw huathen NEANDERTHAL MAN sidai derr id jxy bong. Juewqin dirr jitmaw IRAN/ IRAQ vakhongx, huathen jit quaw qik jingcaiw NEANDERTHAL MAN ee bong. Dirr SHANIDAR, jit jxy bong draii jit xui sinjaii vutjiw co'iongw ee lamsingr, srinx-vnix qycc u jerje hueluiw, hunsig huehunw ee qetqyw, suatbingg vuejongr ee huex duarvorhun sriok iyh'iong :ee. Kyxlingg jitt xui jairsnex si dangqix/ tonglingg :ee! Dirr jitt xee javox langqud erbin, cuthen nng hxur luxsingr cam' jit hxur ginxaw ee qud, jex qamxx iwbi diyc hitt sii dyrr u vuejongr quanwle? Lak-bxan gua nii jingg ee dairjir, lanw jin' yh jaix. Mrqyxx jitt xee bong soxx dairviauw ee iwgi jin' binghenw : zinlui jingsinn erdangr cngtangr siqanx qau viah laii junjai, qycc taur quer u iwgi ee anvaii, ham' aurdai ee langg kanlenn jywhuew.

GOODALL quancad hitt qrunn osingsingx, dirr jit dniuu siyxzi'bavir vnerjingr saur .quer, jit jiah siyw singsingx siw .kir, hitt xee kyxlenn ee maxmah qinvunw byy hxuad lixqaiw ix ee qniaw qiuwqingr huatsingx liauw sniaw su, py diyc jitt xee ginxaw naxx liahqongg lehh siwqer jauxjongg quixarr zit au, itdit qaur u cauwbi ar, jiacc qra sinsix pnai dirr qingqah, qniaa zip ciurnaa-lai, cud laii sii, byy knuawqnir sixsix ar, lanw erdangr kingxding ix dirr ciurnaa nirr duiww sixsix jyr liauw moxjiongw cuxliw, danrsi binrduir sixbongg ee joxqeh, byy hxuad qycc ham' sixsix qenwlip u iwgi ee quanhe ar, in'ui ix sriok ee siarqunn jurlaii dyrr byy jit tyr qowding honghuad cuxliw sixjiaw/ binrduir sixbongg/ qyckacc byy hxuad jiong' sixbongg juanxvenr jyr lingrgua jit jiongw u iwgi ee junjai. Jex si osingsingx siarqunn ham' zinlui siarhue jewdo byy qang ee.

Jitmaw lanw qycc dngw laii NEANDERTHAL MAN ee sidai. Duxx qongw .quer, jitt xee sidai derr id crur viauxhen cud nng jiongw zinlui sinuersingr ee sukyw. Derr id si baijongr, derr zi si duiww himm-qud ee jongvair. Dirr SWISS SILESIA mow quaw quann snuax-dingw, bad huathen lak jxy dongrhet ee jewdngg, u jerje himm ee quttauu, u quaw jiuuii he jiyhtauu kongx .kiw .laii, uree jiong' duartuixqud cngx quer tauqud ee cuir, naxjunxx decc jiac jurqiw ee sinkux. Linrgua jit quaw kiokk si qra duartuixqud cngtangr quer bagjiux kangx, qamxx si qniax bonglingg siaog ee bagjiux? Jiaxee jewdngg ee iwgi jin' bingvik, cniurr siw .kir ee langg ersaih taur quer moxjiongw hongsid qewsiok junjai, virr taii siw ee dongrbut iuguann e ixx moxjiongw hingsid uac lehh. Jixsirr jitmaw lanw soxx binrduir ee qamxjingg byy qycc si huesiongw/ diauwliam, suacc si hogsiuu/ uanwceh.

Duiww paclac binjok laii qongw, ciangjai taii siw dongrbut, jiac inx ee bah/ iong inx ee puee, duiww dongrbut ee qamxsiu ham' lanw kyxlingg jin' byy qangg. Inx be cniurr lanw qra dongrbut knuar jyr qe lanw jit qib ee singbut, sianghuanw, dongrbut duiww inx si ham' zinlui vnee jre-kia, quisiok byy qang snewmia, inx ee junjai daddid zinlui jongqingr/ jundiong, lingrgua jit bin kiokk juwdnia virr zinlui sathai. Paclac bunhuar ee qivunw sinue juxdee si, dongrbut tongsiongg simx-qramx-jxingg-guan hro langg taii. Lanw erdangr dirr sewqair-siong jerje paclac binjok ee sinue knuar diyc jitt jiongw tairdo. Suibongw dongrbut qamguan hro langg taii, kiokk rair siw diyc u jungiamm, inx ee siw rair pnuarduer diyc paclahlangg ee qamxsia/ gisid ee jiokhog, laii kakding bonghunn itding e qycc dngw laii dairde/ birlaii e qyc'uac. Dongsii, jerje paclac binjok marr u jit jiongw “siongrdingsiur (THE ALPHA ANIMAL)” ee qaiwliam, dairviauw soxu dongrbut jiapsiu zinlui qidyw/ jongvair. Langg-dongrbut ee quanhe dyrr cniurr horsiong dring liauw moxjiongw ioksog, laii qiwliam dairjurzenn ee ywvir: snewmia kyr satsingx laii ensiok, druu jitt xee ixgua, byy vadd diauu lo qniaa. Uirr hro jurqiw uac .lyc .kir laii taii siw snewmia, cam' tunjiac jurqiw, si snewmia ee nng jiongw viauxhen. Kyxlingg jitt dniux himm jiac jurqiw sinkux ee dopnir nirr, ixqingx hro lanw sinue juxiaur ee iwsiong, quanhe diyc snewmia ee hingsiong.

Dnaxx lanw jitmaw byy vit'iaur cinsinx sad lanw soxx jiac ee dongrbut, jitt xee qangjog u juanbunn ee langg ter lanw jyr. Lanw jiac :ee ixqingx si vaujongx hyxser, he dirr ciauqib cirdniuu qxer-dingw, danw lanw qingw jitt xee iacc si hitt xee. Jinjniar si byy qang ee snewmia tairdo. Paclac binjok qamxsia dongrbut qruanx cud jurqiw sinkux, teqiongx jiahmic, lanw qamxsia tniqongx hro lanw hiangxsiu snax dxngr. Jex huanxngiar cud uanjuann byy qang ee simliw/ sinue hertongw. Siongrr guansiw si: snewmia, dirr byy qang ee viauxhen nirr tunjiac jurqiw.

Zidvunw Vakhaixdy (HOKKAIDO) druar jit qrunn sriok CAUCASOID, soxui AINU guanjurbinn, li NEANDERTHAL MAN iokk sir-bxan ~ lak-bxan nii, qaur dnaxx inx iauxqycc vyxliuu qoxlyw jongvair himm ee siogquanr. vyxsiuxjuxgi si guansiw binjok qivunw tairdo, narr qaiw jit kuanw hingsid, simrjir si jit qnia qangqu, iwbi diyc lat ee songwsid. Incuw, lak-bxan nii laii ee jongvair hingsid, iuguann lauu dirr AINU srinx-siong, inx qangrkuanw ixx jewdnuaa cai ohimm tauqud, ham' lak-bxan nii jingg dirr SWISS ee SILESIA id-boo-id-ngiu. Sinwgiongw vuerau ee quanliam --- langg-dongrbut jiqanx ee ioksog, bacsinx qe jingsinn lingliong jit qib, ixqibb huedngw lingliong guantauu qycjaiww laii ee quanliam --- longxx si qivunw ee.

THE PALEOLITHIC VENUS FIGURINES

NEANDERTHAL MAN au, qycc laii si buexqii HOMO SAPIENS ee CRO-MAGNON MAN, iokk snax~ sir-bxan nii jingg, dirr Aujiux/ Danglam'ax qitnax soxjai dy' u huathen .diyc, naxjunxx dairviauw moxjiongw vinghingg enxhuar. Derrr cid doo si W.K.GREGORY qinqir dirr DORDOGNE huathen derr id xui CRO-MAGNON tauqud jyr cud ee bohingg, ciokhy ” CRO-MAGNON laurlangg”, jitt qrunn langg lauha SeAux uixdai dongrhet viac'ue.

Dirr jitt siqii marr cuthen dog'iuw ee diausog jokpinw “THE PALEOLITHIC VENUS FIGURINES”, iokk u nng-vah gua qnia, longxx jixu quiw ingcunr quann ziiw, huathen ee derkux dairliok en' Huatqog/ Sevangaa Duarsex Xngiuu haixhnua qaur Diong'ax BAIKAL Oo uaxqin Diongqog venqair. Soxu langsiong dy' u huisiongg luirsu ee qivunw hingtair: bin byy gnoxquanx, hingkamw/ kacngdauw/ duartuiw jin' pongr, viauxhen cud luxsingr sinkux ee qibiau ham' ywvir, siongrdingx congwjy qycc ju'iongw snewmia luxsingr sinkux ee bixqamw, si lanw jit kaisiw soxx dramm buxcinx hingsiong. Jiaxee langsiong longxx byy kax, in'ui inx tongsiongg dy' si virr cai dirr sinkamx nirr. U nng ~ snax senx virr huathen sii, simrjir cai dirr guanlaii ee xui, dy' si uaxqin langg druar ee dong-lai, vingsii langg kacc jiyw qniakax qaur. Inx si zinlui snewmia ee buxcinx, luxsingr snewmiarlat ee huawsinx.

Derr veh doo laijurr Huatqog ee THE VENUS OF LAUSSEL , ix jniawciuw giac qaur qingqah, ciuxsimx tec jit xee guehbaii hxingg guqag, guqag-dingw u jap-snax diauu kiarhunn, jap-snax duxx si guebaii qaur guec ngii ee zidsor; dywciuw he dirr vakdow -dingw, jitt xee dongrjog naxjunxx decc amwsi luxsingr qingqii/ guec jiuqii ee moxjiongw duiwingr quanhe. Narr si jinjniar anne, lanw dyrr knuar diyc zinlui derr id crur jiong' zinlui snewmia jiuqii ham' cneqiuu unrdongr ee quilut sna' viw, siy' duiwingr ee quanliam.

ALEXANDER MARSHACK siaw hitt vunw qau ~ ~ ee <THE ROOTS OF CIVILIZATION>, siongser tyxlun guqag-dingw ee kikhunn, iong hamwqniar quancad jiaxee hunziah, huathen kikhunn m si qang jit xee siqanx kig .kiw .kir .ee. Incuw zinruii jiaxee kikhunn jin' u kyxlingg si iong laii qewsngr siqanx ee, jiauww guec ee jiuqii laii qiwlok siqanx ee viauqir. Kyxlingg luxsingr u su'iaur liauxqaiw inx sinkux jiuqii sunkuann, zinlui dyrr kaisiw sowhak/ tenbunhak ee qewue.

Derr qauw doo “THE VENUS OF LESPUGUE”. Langsiong vunxsinx u damrvyc srngw .diyc, ingxhiongw diyc guanjog ee bixqamw. Guaw beh qongw jitt jxy ee iongrir, si beh suatbingg jiaxee jokpinw m si jurzenjuxgi-sid ee congwjy, inx ixqingx duar u bixhak iwgi ee gersut jokpinw. Qanxdanx quiw diauu guehbaii-hxingg snuawdiauu, cua cud jingxqyy luxsingr sinkux ee qibiau, vui'nngw ee hingkamw uaw .lyc .laii kyr dirr pongwdua ee vakdow, u jit diauu jin' iugnaw guehbaii snuawdiauu diamw cud hingkamw ee uirdir qycc ham' tauu lenn kiw laii, kax hionghiongg sog qaxx jin' iur, uirr hongven cai dirr sinkamx. Jiaxee langsiong cuthen dirr iokk jit-bxan veh-cingx nii B.C. , si kyxqoxhak Qurjiyhkir buexqii THE MAGDALENIAN sidai.

VONGRKANGX-LAI EE GERSUT

Suar lyc laii lanw beh laii knuar siarhue-diongx lamsingr bunrdee. Dairsingx si jitt siqii u miaa ee vongrkangx gersut. Jiaxee dong vunxsinx oamr/ imlingw, byy sikhap langg druar, simrjir huihiamw qniax .langg. Hagqair itdir dong'ir, si lamsingr iong laii qixhingg gisid ee singwden. Dirr jiax, muixx jit xee vorlok uirr inx ee javox ginxaw vran singlenlew, soxx beh yc :ee si iongxkir. Camqax ee ginxaw rair qinglik sixbongg/ qyc'auc --- srinx-siong ee ilairsingr sixbongg, jaiwsnex cud singsik/ hurjig/ jikqik ee kiwpig, u qauwgiac ee kuiwlat vyxho iuwjniw ginxaw, m na hagsip paclac gersut, dongsii diyh'air bad paclac gisid.

Derr jap doo THE SORCERER OF TROIS FRERES dangqix ee dosiong, laijurr Huatqog PYRENEES Snuax, hyrmiaa “LES TROIS FRERES” si in'ui snax xee hniadi cua inx ee qxauw dirr hurqin cittyy, qxauw suacc lag zip kir dong nirr, uirr beh qra qiur, snax hniadi cue .zip .kir, iwgua huathen jitt jxy jin' dua qingx ee jiyhsig qycc u qnialangg ee gersut, viah-dingw kig qaxx jerje dangqix dosiong, ixqingx u jit xee langqangx jyr ee zibkauw, danrsi henxzenn, jaxjingg beh zip laii kiokk diyh'air tongquer jit dy iokk sir qongciyh vnuar ~ cid qongciyh dngg ec ~ ee vongrkangx, langg rair iong vee :ee jiacc ersaih tihh, naxjunxx qycc jit vaiw tongquer buxcinx juxqiongx jaiww cutsir. HERBERT KUHN (1895-1980, u miaa ee suxjingg sidai gersut hagjiaw)anne qongw “zuqyw liw narr u CLAUSTROPHOBIA ( jitt jiongw vnerjingr berdangr zimxsiu virr hanrjer byy songxkuair ee qamxqag, jerje langg m jaix jurqiw e u jitt hy vne), itding byy hxuad vee quer jitt diauu amr qxaux. Lanw jitmaw ersaih siongxsiong .jit .xe, sir ~ go xee siauwlenn ginxaw, vee .quer jitt xee ec/ qe qycc amr ee vongrkangx, giac tauu jit knuar, muaw siwqer ee quaiwbut decc knuar inx. LES TROIS FRERES qitnax jiyhsig marr kig qaxx buanw ~ ~ vnengiuu ee dongrbut dosiong, inx paclac ee pingguann ithiongr jerje qokk jiongw dongrbut decc jauxjongg, cniurr lanw jitmaw dirr SERENGETI (Huijiux TANZANIA diongvakvo iaxsingx dongrbut vyxhorkux) soxx knuar .diyc ee dongrbut qang.

Dirr hitt siqii dangqix uahdong ee jingwqur jin' binghenw. LES TROIS FRERES ee dangqix si vnuawlangg-vnuawdongrbut ee singbut, ingwqaix si gisid nirr ee dongrbut ongg, sinkux cniurr sraix, singwkiwquanx cniurr how snex dirr aurbin; nng qix langg ee kax, bagjiux cniurr amwqongjiauw, qycc naxx cniurr sraix; tauu-dingw u jit duir qangx ee logqag. Lokqag dagg dxangx e lag driau, qycc snex cud sinx ee, jex jniajyr ciurnaa jingsinn ee huawsinx. Sursit-siong, zimrhyy quriuw jitt jiongw sunkuann jaiww snex digsingr ee singbut, cniurr: kongxciog buew lag driau qycjaiww huad cud sinx buexliux, dy' e jniajyr jurzenqair suwquir sunkuann ee siongrdingx. Jex dyrr si sinvir ee LES TROIS FRERES. Qiuwqingr soxx dairviauw :ee si sinbingg? Iacc jixsirr qautongx sinqair ee dangqix? Quewkir hagjiaw u byy qang knuawhuad. Danrsi, dirr jiax, sinbingg/ dangqix vingrr byy qaiww dua caved, in'ui vnuawlangg-vnuawdongrbut ee hingbiau, dyrr sngr si dangqix, marr erdangr knuawjyr jit jiongw sinbingg ar.

Qongw diyc sinbingg, lanw naxjunxx itdit jiong' sinn/ siongrder ee junjai dongwjyr jit xee sursit. Danrsi, sinbingg jixsirr lanw duiww moxjiongw siongrdingx ciauuat qapp ywvir surbut ee qaiwliam. Ywvir si qidiongx iauwdiamw ji' id, ersaih qurtew huawsinx jit xee langg/ jit jiah dongrbut, marr erdangr byy huawsinx, dansunn an' qywzinn iacc si dongrbut srinx-siong texzin .diyc.

GEORGE CATLIN (1796-1872, Bixqog uerqax, siwqer luxiuu uerdoo, rue INDIANS sing'uac digvet cutmiaa) dirr MISSIOURI Hyy vakvingg ee THE MADAN INDIANS, rue quer jit vxag MADAN dangqix ee dosiong. Qangrkuanw tiauwbuw dosiong cuthen dirr Huatqog DORDOGNE ee THE LASCAUX vongrkangx nirr, doo jap-id viac'ue dywvingg dingxbin u jit jiah dongrbut ee qag jin' quaiwqii, sewqair-siong byy jitt jiongw snedniux ee dongrbut, mrqyxx siongrqow sidai hitt xee uerqax kiokk e rue qaxx uac lingwlingr, dng' inx decc rue jiaxee dongrbut sii, simx-lai decc sniu sniaw? Kyxlingg lanw erdangr ui' jitmaw Ywjiux

guanjurbinn hiax cue diyc snuawsyh, doo jap-zi si jit duir gisid-diongx ee Ywjiux guanjurbinn diongxjiaw, inx cing gisid iong ee hogjongx, tauu cah jit duir inx soxx qongw ee jiamqag-kox (POINTING STICK). Simlixhagqax GEZE ROHEIM (1891-1953) dirr ix iuxquanx Ywjiux guanjurbinn simxlixhak genxqiur nirr siongser tyxlun jitt jiongw jiamqag-kox, sionghuanw lxan, m si sanxsingx snewmia, si duar laii sixbongg. Dirr gisid ee jingqingw-ha, tauu dir jiamqag-kox, cuir liam jxiur, dongsii iong jitt xee jiamqag cah zip duiwdik ee ka'pang, jiong' duiwhongx ee dngtauu tiw kuix.

Dirr THE LASCAUX vongrkangx kacc qe ee jiyhsig, cuthen doo jap-snax(http://faculty.gvsu.edu/websterm/Shamans.htm), jniawvingg si langhingg, erdangr kakding si dangqix, ix dywciuxvingg u jit qix jiauxtauu bindar ee jixhuix cuee-aw, ka'pang ee lxan dit qycc jiamx, naxx jit qix jiamqag-kox; jniawciuxvingg jit jiah guu, vakdow virr liah kuix, jitt xee hxingg naxjunxx hro jiamqag-kox cak kuix ee, bad inxkiw jerje tyxlun, u langg zinrluii soxx biyue :ee, si paclac ee iwgua. Guaw zinruii jitt jiongw qongxhuad si kyxciyr ee. Qinqur lanw duiww dongsii dangqix ee liauxqaiw, zuqyw dirr jitt xee sinsingr ee vongrkongx siongrr sinsingr ee soxjai rue :ee, si jit dniuu paclac iwgua, anne taur quer SYMPATHIC MAGIC ee jok'iong, qetqyw e jewjy cud jinsit ee iwgua. Sursit-siong, jitt dosiong ee juxqag si guu, paclac siongrr juxiaur ee dongrbut ongg, jiauww langg-dongrbut horsiong ee ioksog, inx si jiwguan hro langg taii siw, tauwquer dangqix ee ligliong, zinlui dirr jitt soxjai qamxsia guu ee hisingx, qycc kakvyw inx qyc'uac, si jitt xee doo tuandat ee iwgi.

ZINSINGX QUANKAW

Jex jingxtyr lamsingr singwde/ vongrkangx ee quanliam itdit ensiok qaur aurlaii ee gisid huerdngg, juxiaur ee iwgi si jaiwsingx. Qniaa quer jit dy siyw mngg jinwzip qidiongx, naxjunxx cngx quer buxcinx ee im'mngg, dywdngw laii buxtew, itdanr zip laii, itcer surbut dy' duar diyc mohuad sikcaiw/ u sinlik ee sewqair. Dnaxx lanw qniaa zip qauwdngg, cniurr jinwzip sinsingr sewqair, qidiongx ee langg byy qycc dansunn qywzinn, inx dngdecc vnuaenw jitt xee qaksig --- dairviauw duiww jurzenn lingliong ee qinggiam. Zuqyw liw si dirr PARIS Singwbuxngi qauwdngg --- jit jxy jongwle ligsuw huisiongg quxdngg ee dua qauwdngg, siwjiuuii soxu ee hingsiong dy' si naxx bangrqingw/ sinuersid, ciongbuanw ciauuat/ banrqow luixjig cud ee iwsiong. Singwbuxngi saivingg jniawmngg-dingw, u jit xee MANDALA viauhy --- dairviauw luxsingr juxqiongx qapp im'mngg, siongrdingx jaiwsnex. Dyrr cniurr suxjingg vongrkangx-lai u huatsux ee dosiong, jitt soxjai, liw marr e knuar diyc qauwjongx POPE INNOCENT III ee uersiong. U nng jiongw honghuad jinwzip jitt xee qaksig, jit xee si jiamrsii, tauwquer cam'uw dexqii gisid; lingrgua jit jiongw si ingxqiuw :ee, cniurr doo jap-sir jitt xui NEWZELAND MAORI ee taubak, qui' sinxkux longxx ciachuex, vauquad bin, ix ee sinkux vunxsinx cniurr sinhuanr sewqair, dyrr si qongw ix qra qauwdngg vylee ee caixdoo/ pangliau... juanvo inr dirr jurqiw srinx-siong, jniajyr vutquanxsii decc uahdang ee qauwdngg, ix ee snewmia vanrenw diyc sinue qaksig.

Qongw liauw jiacc je zinsingx derr id quanx: ui' ginxaw juanw singsik dngxjniaa singlenn ee quewdingg. Jitmaw lanw laii knuar derr zi quanx: hun'inx --- dandok qywzinn qaur liongxtew hab'id ee qethap. Doo jap-go, si laijurr derr go sewqiw ATHENS ee angg huii-aw pnir, rue-diongx ee luxjuw THETIS dngdecc kexbongg PELEUS, inx si GREEK sinue nirr dua inghiongg ACHILLES ee verbuw. Dirr sinue nirr, THETIS si jit xui bixle ee luxsinn, tensinn ZEUS air diyc ix, danrsi marr liauxqaiw THETIS ee qniaw e viw laurve kacc gauu, dyrr qra THETIS qer hro zinlui, PELEUS si langg/ m si sinn, dng' beh laii cua luxsinn sii, THETIS jiong' jurqiw venwjyr juaa/ sraix/ juiw/ huew, PELEUS itid jinghok. Mrqyxx jitt vxag doo biyue ee ham' sinue soxx qongw :ee uanjuann byy qang. Lanw knuar diyc :ee, si jit xui vnuaenw kexbongg/ u mohuad ee bow, rue nirr ee juaa qapp sraix si ix mohuad ee siongrdingx.

Lanw laii huntiah juaa/ sraix jitt nng jiongw dongrbut dirr qowsu nirr siongrdingx ee iwgi. Juaa muixx quer jit dnxua siqanx dyrr e trngr kag, naxcniu guehniuu ce'id jap-go ui' guehbaii hxingg juanw ngii. Incuw juaa/ guec ee iwsiong si siy' tongx ee, longxx si siongrdingx u dngg/ u dew, e snex/ e siw ee imsingr jingsinn. Dyrr si qongw, snewmia ee lingliong qapp ix ee jingsinn rngiuu zip jiamrsii ee bacsinx --- kia dirr snex/ siw ji'qanx ee siqanx juixlauu-diongx. Sraix sriok zidtauu iwsiong, ingxuanw ee snewmia, byy soxui juaa e trngr kag/ ce'id jap-go ee guec, si ciauuat siqanx/ sex-siw jigua ee juadduir snewmia. Jitt nng hxang si qang jit jiongw snewmia lingliong ee ngg jiongw viauxhen, jit xee si dirr snewmia-diongx, jit xee si ciaucud snewmia-gua. Rue nirr ee luxsingr si jitt ngg qrow snemia lingliong ee buxsingr siongrdingx.

Qyclaii, jit jiah juaa qa siauwlenn javox nng bak jiqanx, iwsur si packuix lamjuw ee luerjai siriaw, knuar tangr si'kongx ee jewhan. Derr zi buew juaa qa javox ee hni, si beh kuix ix ee hni, tniax uxdiu ee sniax. Derr snax jiah juaa qa ix ee kaaurdnex, si ACHILLES' HEEL, dairviauw sixbongg, si hro qywzinn ui' jurgnow iwsig siw .kir, singhuaa qaur lingrgua ciauuat ee diwsig lingxhik --- juanxhuar jyr tauwbingtew ciauuat banrbut banrsu jisiong. Jex si jitt vxag doo soxx tuandat kexbongg iwgi. Luxsingr derr id crur guehsu laii sii ixqingx kexbongg ar, lamsingr kiokk rair qingquer hun'inx ee sexlew jiacc singlenn.

DERR ID CRUR

Qycc laii lanw beh laii knuar sxen-og ee quanliam. Doo jap-lak si Diongqog im'iongg vatquar, soxx dairviauw ywvir qingxqair ngiaa quer dansunn sxen-og duiwlip. Lunliw sriok sxen-og. Sehongx jongqaur ee dua bunrdee si jit kaisiw quewdo qiongdiau sxen-og. Iasox qidog jit qongw dyrr si guanjue/ siogjue bunrdee. Derr id xui tniax suxdoo PAUL tuandy :ee si laijurr GORINTH ee singlixlangg, incuw ixx kiamwsiaur hingg jnii ee qaiwliam/ gixsuu; mrqyxx Danghongx, kiokk iong budix/ kaigno huntiah. Itdanr huathen EDEN Hngg byy junjai, zinlui dyrr byy duirlyc bunrdee, marr byy soxui ziaw siongrder dua siuwkir, anne jingxqyy hingg jnii/ siogjue ee qongxhuad qiuwqingr si quanhe diyc sniaw? vitsu'iaur iong lingrgua hongsid laii qaixtok. Lingrgua “tendongg” jitt xee quanliam, tendongg dirr dyc'ui? Dyrr sngr ixx qngx ee sokdo vuex, jidsiwlangg ee siqanx marr ciauuat be quer ginhyy. Sinue qapp ix soxx jixhiongr ee iwsiong rair duer e diyc sidai duiww uxdiu ee liauxqaiw. Vitqingr inx soxx teqiongx ham' zinlui soxx bad uxdiu diwsig rair itdir. Sir-cingx nii jingg zinlui soxx bad ee uxdiu sna' viw ixqingx dua byy qangg lor.

Doo jap-cid (Scene 4.) ee uersiong laijurr POMPEII ee viah. Rue-diongx ee siauwlann dngdecc jiapsiu kexbongg gisid, vnix :a jre ee si kexbongjiaw, qongw “siauwlenn ee! hyw hyw knuar guaw ciuw nirr ee nguaw-lai, liw e dirr jitt xee qimsiok nguaw-lai knuar diyc liw jurqiw jinjniar ee binrmau.” sursit-siong, jitt xee nguaw si jit xee lapqniar, siauwlenn knuar diyc nguaw-lai ee, m si jurqiw ee bin, si kia dirr siauwlenn aurbin ee jorciuw tec ee jit xee diongxjiaw ee binrdar. Sniu knuar mai lehh, hex si zuarr qnialangg ! Jitt sii, jitt xee siauwlenn duxx qinglik Bixjiux INDIANS soxui “endngg ee sinkux (LONG BODY)” --- jurqiw itsingx ui' cutsir qaur sixbongg ee bin. Dongzenn jitt xee gisid rair dirr siauwlenlangg uanjuann m jaix ee jinghongw-ha jinwhingg jiacc u hau. Naxqongxx u langg singx qra qongw “inx e hro liw knuar jit xee nguaw, qongw nguaw-lai hitt xee langg si liw jurqiw, sidjer-siong si kia dirr liw aurbin ee langg tec ee binrdar.” anne jingxqyy gisid dyrr uanjuann byy iwgi lor. Gisid ee sinvir rair si viwbit, in'ui qidiongx soxx qingquer :ee, itding si liw derr id crur ee jygu.

huedngw tauu iac