DERR SIR JNIUX
LUN SIAUHUAWKIR HERTONGW
Siauhuawkir (消化器, the alimentary system), si siauhuar jiahmic ee loring, si jit diauu ee mohqngw, qapp cuiwkiw, nuarjnuaa (唾腺, salivary glands), qapp nng xee jnuatew, longxx vailet dirr erdew (derr 35 doo):
Cuir (Mouth).
Entauu (咽頭, Pharynx).
Jiahdy (食道, Oesophagus).
Ui (Stomach).
Cuiwkiw (Teeth).
Nuarjnuaa (唾液腺, Salivary glands).
Qnuajong (肝臟, Liver).
Juirjong (膵臟, Pancreas).
Cuiwkangx vorui dirr bin ee erdew, dirr siongrha gogqud (上下顎骨, upper and lower jaw) ee diongqanx. Ix ee hingjong si hap dirr vro sidbut, qapp qamm sidbut ee loring. Cuir u siongrha ee cuiwdunn dirr cuir ee zibkauw. Cuiwdunn qapp cuir-lai ee diongqanx, u siongrha nng let ee cuiwkiw.
Cuiwkiw u hunved nng kuanw, jit hxang si ginxaw ee lingkiw, qycc jit hxang si aurlaii qycc ngua ee jniakiw, qiyr juer quxsingwkiw (久性齒). Lingkiw u 20 qix, u mngkiw (門齒) 8 qix, qauxkiw (犬齒) 4 qix, siyxkurkiw (小臼) 8 qix. Quxsingwkiw u 32 qix, jiurr si mngkiw 8 qix, qauxkiw 4 qix, siyxkurkiw 8 qix, duarkurkiw (大臼) 12 qix (derr 36, 37, 38 doo).
Decc huad ee qiqanx si cinciu qir dirr erdew:
Lingkiw:
Derr id mngkiw: (1) ergok, derr 6 guec; (2) siongrgok, derr 7 guec.
Derr zi mngkiw: (1) siongrgok, derr 9 guec; (2) ergok, derr 10 guec.
Derr id siyxkurkiw: Derr 12 guec.
Qauxkiw: Derr 18 guec.
Derr zi siyxkurkiw: Derr 24 guec.
Lingkiw jongxqiong u 20 qix, siongrha qokk 10 qix.
Quxsingwkiw:
Derr id duarkurkiw: 6 nii.
Derr id mngkiw ergok: 7 nii.
Derr id mngkiw siongrgok: 8 nii.
Derr zi mngxkurkiw : 9 nii.
Derr id siyxkurkiw: 10 nii.
Derr zi siyxkurkiw: 11 nii.
Qauxkiw: 12 nii.
Derr zi duarkurkiw: 13 nii.
Derr snax duarkurkiw (“diwkiw”): 17-25 nii iacc si kacc ban.
Quxsingwkiw jongxqiong u 32 qix, siongrha qokk 16 qix.
Cuir-lai u cuiwquar (口蓋, dingxqniux). Jitt xee cuiwquar ee taujingg si ding ee cuiwquar (hard palate), si siongrgogqud laii jniaa :ee; aurbin :ee si nngw ee cuiwquar (soft palate), jitt xee si qinbah qapp liammoc (derr 40 doo).
Cuir ee erdew u jit xee jic. Jitt xee jic ing liammoc (粘膜) laii vaux qinbah :ee, decc juer qongxue, qapp vro mic, ixqip hunved bi ee loring.
Siauhuawkir ee liammoc ee sig si hunxangg, iarr qimx qimx, siplun, vutsii hunvir liam’ik. Dagg xui u hunvir digvet ee liam’ik.
Cuir-lai u snax duir ee nuarjnuaa. Jiurr si (1) hnirerjnuaa (耳下腺, parotid gland), (2) gog’erjnuaa (顎下腺, submaxillary gland), (3) jih’erjnuaa (舌下腺, sub-lingual gland). Dagg xee longxx u qyc’ngiu ee qngw, dui’ jiaxee qngw cud nuarik (derr 39 doo).
Entauu dirr pnirkangx qapp cuiwkangx ee aurviah ee erdew, dirr qingrjuiqud qapp autauu ee diongqanx (derr 40 doo).
Jiahdy: Entauu aurbin erdew kiw, qaur ui ee zibkauw jriw, qiyr juer jiahdy. Ix ee dxngg si cavutdyx 9 cunr, si vniw vniw qui’ diauu ee mohqngw, dirr kiwqngw qapp hir ee aurbin. Ix ee buew :a u quer hnuaiqecmohkangx (orifice in diaphragm), jiacc jiaplenn dirr ui (derr 41 doo). Tunx sidbut ee sii, ing ix ee qinbah qiux ee lat, jiong’ sidbut qra cic .lyc .kir; jiurr si narr beh tunx .lyc .kir, hitt xee jiahdy ee qinbah u qiux, laii cic dirr sidbut, ixqip dirr sidbut ee dingxbin. Duxduxx hitt sii, dirr sidbut-xe, hitt xee qinbah u cunx. Anxnix dirr sidbut-dingw qinbah u qiux, dirr sidbut-xe qinbah u cunx; dui’ jitt nng hxang, sidbut jiurr e jiamrjiam lyc kir zip ui.
Dirr hnuaiqecmoc ee erdew dywvingg damrvyc, dirr qnuax ee erbin, u jit xee ui. Ui ee hingjong si lxaii-aw-kuanw ee mohlongg. Dywvingg kacc pongwdua, qiyr juer uirdew (胃底, fundus); jniawvingg siyxkuaw pongr, u uircutkauxvo, qiyr juer hiubunvo (幽門部, pylorus). Dingxbin u jit xee kangx lenn dirr jiahdy, jiurr si uirzibkauw, qiyr juer vunbunn (噴門, cardiac orifice, derr 41 doo 5 hy).
Erbin u qycc jit xee kangx qapp siyxdngg sna’ taur, jiurr si uircutkauw, qiyr juer hiubunn (幽門, pyloric orifice). Jitt xee hiubunn u jit xee kuanjong ee qinbah, e hro mic cud, iarr hro mic be dywdngw qniaa (derr 42 doo). Ui ee viah dirr uirbin-xe, si vakdoxmoc ee jit vaux lehh; diong’ngx si snax dingg ee qunbahlaii jniaa ix; lairbin si liammoc. Liammoc-lai u nng kuanw ee uirigjnuaa (胃液腺, gastric glands) decc cud uirik laii siauhuar sidbut (derr 43, 44 doo).
Dxngg dirr vakdow-lai cincniu qngw ee kuanw kunn kunn lehh, cavutdyx 20 ciyh ee dngg; jitt xee hun juer siyxdngg, duardngg.
Jabzirjixdngg si siyxdngg ee kixtauu dui’ hiubunn (uircutkauw) kiw, u 12 qix jngxtau’aw hnuaii lehh ee dngg, jiurr si 9 cunr dngg. Ix ee hingjong uankiog cincniu bexdetih, uikuann dirr juirjong (膵臟; dnihut) ee guarbin. Ix ee lairbin u dnaxqngw qapp juirqngw ee cutkauw (derr 42 doo 4). Dui’ jitt nng diauu qngw cud dnaxjiab qapp juirik, laii siauhuar jiahmic.
Kangdngg dirr jabzirjixdngg jiapsuar ixha qaur dirr huedngw jriw. Jitt xee in’ui sixtew qaixpyr laii knuar, kacc siongg si kangx kangx, soxiw jiacc qiyr juer kangdngg, si cavutdyx 8 ciyh ee dngg (derr 41 doo 10).
Huedngg jiapsuar dirr kangdngg ee erdew, qaur dirr jniawvingg ee duardngg ee kixtauu jriw, jiurr si duxduxx cud dirr bongdngg ee soxjai. Ix ee dngg si cavutdyx 12 ciyh dngg (derr 41 doo 13).
Duardngg si cavutdyx 5 ciyh dngg, dui’ huedngg ee buew :a kiw, qaur qongbunn uijiw. Ix ee viah si qau qycc iongw, jin’ dua kamket byy vnii. Jitt xee dui’ jniawvingg ee qutvnuaa (pelvis) kiw, sec jit linr, qaur qongbunn jriw; jitt xee hunved bongdngg, qetdngg (結腸), qapp diddngg. Qetdngg hunved siongrhingqetdngg, hnuaihingqetdngg, harhingqetdngg.
Siongrhingqetdngg ee kixtauu u jit xee pongwdua soxjai, qiyr juer bongdngg. Dirr bongdngg ee aurbin ee erdew u jit diauu ser diauu ee mohqngw qiyr juer tang’ngiusuii (蟲樣垂, vermiform appendix). Diong’ngx u kangx taur dirr bongdngg nirr (derr 41 doo 14).
Siongrhingqetdngg si dui’ qutvnuaa ee jniawvingg kiw, sun vakdow aurviah, jnriu qaur qnuax ee erdew jriw, jiacc uad duiww dywvingg qniaa duiww ui ee erdew, qaur dirr dywvingg ee hiabqud-xe, jiurr si vii ee soxjai jriw; jitt xee qiyr juer hnuaihingqetdngg (derr 41 doo 34). Jitt xee hnuaihintqetdngg uad duiww erdew, srun vakdow aurviah qniaa qaur duarqutvnuaa ee erdew jriw, qiyr juer harhingqetdngg. Dui’ harhingqetdngg ee erdew kiw, qaur qongbunn jriw, jitt xee qiyr juer diddngg. Ixsiong soxx qongw :ee si dairliok laii qongw nardnia.
Qnuajong si singkux-diongxx derr id dua ee jnuatew. Ix ee vorui si dirr hnuaiqecmoc ee erdew, kacc je dirr jniawvingg ee hiabqud-xe (derr 41 doo 31). Ix ee dingxbin si pongr duxduxx uaw dirr hnuaiqecmoc, jiong’ zimrdair qapp qetdewjid laii qetlenn. Erbin si tab, ngr dirr ui, jabzirjixdngg, duardngg qapp jniawvingg ee sinrjong. Dirr jniawvingg ee erdew u jit xee dnaxlongg, lairbin u dnaxjiab. Jitt xee dnaxlongg u qngw, jriab dirr: qnuaqngw, hro qnuajiab dui’ qnuaqngw lrauu qaur dnaxlongg jikju. Iarr u jit diauu qngw, qiyr juer dnaxqngw, qniaa duiww dnaxlongg, qaur jabzirjixdngg laii cud (derr 41 doo 19, derr 42 doo 4).
Iarr u qycc jit xee jnuatew, juer siauhuar ee loring, qiyr juer juirjong (dnihut), dirr ui ee aurbin ee erdew (derr 41 doo 33). Ix ee tauu dirr jabzirjixdngg ee uankiog ee lairbin. Ix ee buew qaur dirr vii. Ix ee qngw u qapp dnaxqngw juer jit xe zip dirr jabzirjixdngg ee aurbin (derr 42 doo 3).
Siauhuawkir ee liammoc sisiongg hunxangg qycc siplun si jnaixngiu? Liammoc si vyc vyc, dirr ix ee erdew u jin’ je huicqngw, mngsewhuicqngw; iarr inx ee huih si angg; jitt xee sig e jiyr quer laii, iarr jiaxee huicqngw-lai huih ee jiab e dor quer laii, qaur liammoc ee dingxbin. Dirr liammoc ee lairbin dagg xui u jnuatew, ser ser xee, vutsii decc cud liam’ik.
Jitt xee siauhuawkir si jit diauu dngg ee mohqngw, u soxjai ec ec, u soxjai cincniu ui kacc kuah. Bylun simxmic soxjai, ix ee kuanxsid si lairbin u liammoc (derr 475 doo 4), guarbin u qinbah (475 doo 2). Jitt xee qinbah qapp kaciuw ee qinbah u qyc’ngiu, mrquxx iuguann e cunqiux, iarr decc cic qngw-lai ee sidbut, hro inx e qniaa. Jiaxee qinbah qapp liammoc ee lairbin u dongrjingrmec, sinqingx, limvaqngw dilehh (derr 475 too 3).
Siyxdngg ee liammoc knuar si cincniu ziongg (derr 45 doo), narr ing henxbiqniaa laii knuar, si cincniu mngx mngx ee cir (derr 46 doo 6). Hitt xee liammoc jit cunr suwhongx u cir, iokliok jit-bxan xee je. Dagg qix cir ee lairbin u dongrmec, jingrmec, qapp limvaqngw (淋巴管, lacteal) laii kipsiux hitt xee lingmuee (乳糜, chyle), hro ix aurlaii tangx camx huih siwqer liuhingg, laii ngiuxci singkux.
Dirr dxngg-lai u jin’ je igjnuaa, u iur iur ee qngw taur qaur liammoc ee lairbin, hro jnuaa ee jiab tangx zip dxngg-aw-lai (derr 46 vy doo 5). Jiaxee jnuaa ee viah si vyc vyc, hro mngsewhuicqngw vaux lehh. Jiaxee mngsewhuicqngw ee viah si jin’ vyc, soxiw ix ee jiab e kuair kuair taur .quer. Jiaxee jnuaa byy longxx siangrkuanw, dagg xui soxx cud ee jnuaik longxx u hunved, cuir huanrr cuir ee, ui huanrr ui ee, dxngg-aw huanrr dxngg-aw ee.
Danxx dairkair laii qongw siauhuawkir ee hunviwmic (分泌物, secretion) u go hxang:
1. Dui’ cuir-lai ee nuarjnuaa cud nuarik (saliva).
2. Dui’ ui ee jnuaa u cud uirik (gastric juice).
3. Dui’ jabzirjixdngg qapp siyxdngg u cud dngik (intestinal secretion).
4. Dui’ qnuajong u cud dnaxjiab (bile).
5. Dui’ juirjong u cud juirik (pancreatic juice).
Jiaxee hunviwmic (hunviwmic jiurr si jongw miaa, , iwsur jiurr si ik(?), iacc si jiab, dui’ hiaxee jnuatew hunvir iacc lrauu .cud .laii) longxx si beh hro langg sidbut siauhuar ee loring. Lanw diyhh jaix dirr singkux-lai dagg xui u moc dilehh jin’ je kuanw, dirr huicqngw-lai u jit kuanw, dirr limvaqngw-lai jit kuanw, vakdow-lai iarr u, dirr nauw-lai, dxngg-aw-lai iarr u liammoc. Jiaxee moc suibongxx bat bat, mrquxx singkux ee jiab e taur .quer; jitt xee si jnaixngiu? Piwzu laii qongw, narr tec jit jiah dix ee vongqongx, dirr lairbin he tngjuiw, iarr ix ee kangcuir vak bat bat, longxx jimr dirr tangw-aw ee juiw nirr; byy zuarr quw, vongqongx-lai ee tngg e taur quer jauw cud dirr guarbin ee juiw nirr, qaur longxx jiauu u tngjuiw. Narr ing iamrr iarr si anxnix e kuair kuair taur quer vongqongx ee moc. Mrquxx narr jiong’ jniujuiw he vongqongx-lai, iarr kangcuir laii vak, qycc jimr, hitt xee jniux be taur cud dirr guarbin ee juiw. Jongw .si narr dairsingx dui’ uac uac ee qxauw-aw, kiyh kiw laii ee nuarik, camx jniux laii la hro jiauu, hitt xee jniux byy zuarr quw e vniwjniaa tngg, jiacc e taur quer vongqongx ee moc. Narr jiong’ bad iacc si ngiubah he vongqongx-lai, hitt hy lxui iarr be qeur .laii. Setsuw narr dairsingx ing uirik qapp bah, laii jimr, hro damrvyc siyx, byy zuarr quw bah e snruar, jiurr hitt diap e taur quer vongqongx ee moc, qaur dirr juiw nirr. Dirr singkux-lai iarr si cincniu anxnix. Jitt xee moc u itt hy kuanxsid, mic uree e taur quer moc, uree be, si qiyr siaptauwjok’iong, iacc si qauliujok’iong (交流作用, osmosis).
Si dui’ jitt hy qauliujok’iong, ing’iongxik (營養液, nutriment) e dui’ ui iacc si dxngg, quer laii qaur limvaqngw-lai, jiacc qaur huicqngw-lai. Hitt xee ing’iongxik dui’ huih qniaa qaur singkux dagg xui ee soxjai laii ngiuxci. Cincniu ui decc virvan mic beh ngiuxci singkux, mrquxx ui iuguann qaqi diyhh sriu diyc ngiuxci. Iarr dirr huicqngw u byy loring ee mic diyhh dui’ sinrjong, puehux, hiwjong, vaii cud. Jiaxee mic e cud .kir, kacc je si uaxkyr singkux-lai ee moc, u jitt xee qauliujok’iong ee quanhe. In’ui singkux ee moc u jitt hy jok’iong, soxiw huih sisiongg decc ngiuxci singkux; iarr si dui’ jitt hy jok’iong, huih qaqi e did diyc cingkir.
Langg ee sintew si jerje hxang jid laii habjniaa :ee, jiurr si qinbah, qinx, qud, huicqngw sinqingx, jiaxee lxui. Jiaxee budjid longxx si jiauww huawhak ee guansor (元素, iarr qiyr guanjid, element) laii hanjniaa :ee. Huawhak ee guansor jiurr si ing jit hxang mic jiong’ huawhak ee huatdo laii vunkuix jiaxee dagg hxang ee jid, vunx qaur be qycc vunx .did, jiurr si qiyr juer guansor. Jiauww huawhak ee lixkir longxjongw vunx juer 78 jxingw.
Langg singkux ee jojid, qiong u 12 hxang guansor. Jiaxee si iauwqinw :ee, iauxquxx dirr singkux-lai ursii u snax~sir kuanw vadd hxang ee guansor dilehh. Jiaxee 12 xee, jiurr si sngsor (酸素, oxygen), juixsor (水素, hydrogen), tnuawsor (炭素, carbon), jiksor (窒素, nitrogen), ziuhongg (硫黃, sulphur),; linn (燐, phosphorus), iamsor (鹽素, chlorine), potassium, sodium, calcium, maagnesium, iron.
Langg narr m bad tak huawhak, si be hiauw did jiaxee guansor dagg hxang ee kuanxsid. Dirr jiax berdid tangx jiong’ dagg hxang ee guansor qongw qur jiaujngg, vutqyr qongw jit~nng hxang laii juer vixle.
Juiw si nng hxang ee guansor laii habjniaa :ee, jiurr si juixsor (H) qapp sngsor (O). Hitt nng xee guansor longxx byy sikdir, knuar be diyc, narr habjniaa, e vniwjniaa juir.
Huextnuar si tnuawsor (C) ee guansor. Tnuawsor qapp tnuawsngx dui’ hiwjongx siongsiongg hox cud laii :ee. Narr jiong’ huextnuar hniaa huew, hitt xee huextnuar e siyx, e venwhuar, vniwjniaa tnuawsngx qapp huexhux. Hitt xee huexhux iuguann si iauxx bue juann siyx .diyc ee tnuawsor.
Jiksor (N) si jit jxingw iauwqinw ee guansor, dirr sintew ee bah ee lairbin u qapp vadd hxang ee guansor laii habjniaa :ee. Jiksor si byy sig ee krir, be vuengiuw langg ee sniwmia, iarr be hro langg huadpuad. Jiksor qapp juixsor habjniaa dxuix, miaa qiyr ammonia, huawhak ee qiwhy jiurr si NH3.
Iamm ee lairbin u natrium (sodium) qapp chlorine. Natrium jiurr si dok ee guansor, langg narr jiac e siw. Chlorine iarr si vutjiw dok ee krir, ngsig, langg kib zip dirr hiwjong, hir e huat’iam, narr juann kip zip jitt hy krir byy quiw hunx quw jiurr e siw .kir. Dirr jenwdniuu u ing jitt hy krir laii dok siw qaujenr ee vxingx. Dirr jiax u jin’ qiquair ee huawhap, jiurr si narr natrium qapp chlorine siy’ hap vniwjniaa iamm, ngiuxci langg ee sintew.
Langg ee sintew si cincniu huexciax, diyhh sisiongg tnrix totnuar; jitt xee totnuar siyx liauw e vniwjniaa hrunx, jiurr si entunn qapp tnuawsngx. Decc siyx ee sijun u cud lat hro ciax e qnialo. Siyx liauw u byy loring ee mic, jiurr si huexhux, ciahux diyhh sisiongg vniar cud. Jit bin diyhh qetnix sinx ee totnuar, jit bin diyhh vniar cud huexhux. Singkux iarr si anxnix, soxx zip ee mic jiur rsi kongkir qapp sidbut. Dirr singkux-lai ee sngsor siongsiongg u decc snghuar dagg xui ee jojid, soxiw diyhh sisiongg qetnix singkux-lai ee ju’iongxhunx (nutriment). Langg ee limjiac e vniwjniaa ju’iongxhunx laii qiongqib sintew dagg vorui. Diyhh jaix hitt xee m hyw krir, byy loring ee mic, u zuarr je, jiurr diyhh qetnix zuarr je laii vow ix.
Jitt kuanw byy loring ee mic si dui’ hiwjong, puehux, duardngg, sinrjong, jiaxee soxjai vaii cud.
1. Dui’ hiwjong vaii cud :ee, jiurr si juixkir qapp tnuawsngx (CO2).
2. Dui’ puehux vaii cud :ee, jiurr si juiw qapp vadd mic ee iamm.
3. Dui’ sinrjong duer ziyr vaii cud :ee, jiurr si juiw qapp ammonia, ziyrsng’iam ee lxui.
4. Dui’ duardngg vaii cud :ee, si juiw, ammonia ee lxui, iamm ee lxui, qapp quixnarr hxang be siauhuar byy loring ee mic.
Langg soxx jiac ee mic, diyhh u jitt kuanw ee sidliau, laii vow sintew-lai ee kiamwkueh. Narr air langg ee singkux e iongxqnia, diyhh iong go kuanw ee sidliau:
1. Nngrvehjid (卵白質, Protein).
2. Hamjuixtnuawsor (含水炭素, Carbo-hydrates).
3. Iujid (脂質, Fates).
4. Iamjid (鹽質, Salts).
5. Juiw (水, Water).
1. Diyhh u jiksor hitt hy ee sidbut. Jitt hy sidbut qiyr juer nngrvehjid. Dirr hitt lairbin u jiksor kacc je, iarr u quixnarr hxang vadd kuanw ee guansor laii habjniaa dxuix, jiurr si sngsor, juixsor, tnuawsor, qapp damrvyc ziuhongg qapp linn. Sidbut u jiksor kacc je si gubah, ngiubah, dibah, qebah, acbah, hii, qenng, gulingvniaw.
2. Hamjuixtnuawsor, jiurr si tngg, bixjniux, hitt hy lxui. Lairbin u tnuawsor, juixsor, sngsor. Dirr jitt lxui iarr u biw, gnaurhunw, cair. Cnix ee quexjiw iarr si u tngg qapp sngx ee jid.
3. Iujid cincniu gu’iuu, bac’iuu, guling’iuu, gulingvniaw.
4. Iamjid, si cincniu vingsiongg ee iamm qapp tih, ziuhongg, linn, iarr calcium, magnesium.
Guling ee lairbin u:
Guling ee vixdang si 1029 ixsiong.
Lingx ee lairbin, u quixnarr hxang ee jid dilehh, vutjiw hap singkux ee loring; setsuw langg narr qovutjiongx diyhh qanda’ jiac jit hxang mic, lingxx jiurr si viw vadd hy ee mic kacc hyw. Tangx knuar sewhanr ee ngex-aw, quw quw qanda’ jiac lingx, iauxquxx e paucdua. Nxng iarr si hyw, tangx ngiuxci singkux, jongw .si narr juw sniu’ sik, nngrcingx jiurr yh siauhuar. Biw derr id vec :ee, ix ee qong’iong iauxx m dat diyc kacc cyr(?) :ee; in’ui narr jringx sniu’ vec, e jiong’ hitt xee e ngiuxci sinqingx ee jid, suar jringx lag lyc laii dirr bixkngx nirr. Quexjiw duxhyw sik, sirr hac langg ee loring; narr sniu’ cnix iacc si quewhunx, jiurr m tangx jiac, si e sunxhai hro langg harli.
Mic zip cuir diyhh vro; jit hxang si beh hro ix iur iur, jiacc e kacc kuair siauhuar; qycc jit hxang si hro ix e camx nuarik. Soxx lrauu ee nuarik dagg zit iokliok u qxinx gua. Hanjuu, biw, bec, hitt hy, u jniux ee jid, narr camx nua, e vniwjniaa tngg; soxiw jiac vng m tangx valuntunx, diyhh vro hro camx nuarik, jiurr hitt xee jniux ee jid, e vniwjniaa tng,, anxnix kacc kuair kipsiux quer uirdngg ee liammoc, tangx ngiuxci singkux.
Dirr uirr nirr ee siauhuar, derr id iauwqinw jiurr si nngrvehjid ee lxui. Narr jiac bah lyc .kir, jitt xee bah narr camx uirik laii jimr, byy zuarr quw bah e snruar .kir kacc kuair kipsiux dirr singkux-lai. Ui iarr u dinxdang laii cik ui-lai ee mic, hro ix qapp uirik e kacc jiauu, anxnix kacc kuair siauhuar. Sriaux liauw jiurr vniwjniaa puxsig ee mic; longxjongw iuu ee jid, rngiuu .kir, vniwjniaa iur iur ser ser liap cincniu guling, qiyr juer lingqiuu, mrquxx iuu byy siauhuar, qanda’ congr kacc ser nardnia. Dirr ui nirr ixqingx siauhuar ee sidbud (chyme) jiurr zip siyxdngg, dirr jabzirjixdngg, did diyc qnuax soxx cud ee dnaxjiab, juirjong soxx cud ee juirik, iarr dirr siyxdngg did diyc siyxdngik.
Juirik ee loring si snax hxang:
1. E siauhuar nngrvehjid.
2. E siauhuar bixjniux hitt hy lxui, hro ix vniaajniaa tngg.
3. E siauhuar iuu vniwjniaa kacc iur iur ee liap, hro iuu e taur uer dng’aw ee liammoc, kipsiux dirr limvaqngw-lai (derr 48 doo).
Dng’ik iarr decc vangjan siauhuar ee su. Dnaxjiab ee loring si beh hro dui’ ui nirr cud laii ixqingx siauhuar ee sidbut vniwjniaa qnix, hro juirik kacc kuair juer ix ee qangx. Iarr dnaxjiab decc vangjan iuu ee siauhuar, hro iuu lam lam juer duir, ciaux qaur jiauu. Narr sidbut siuahuar liauw, ix ee sig vniwjniaa kacc ngvec ee sig, jiurr si qiyr lingmuee (乳糜, chyle), iacc si tangx qiyr ing’iongxik (營養液, nutriment).
Soxx jiac ee mic dirr ui nirr ee soxjai, uree si hro ui-lai huicqngw kipsiux, jiurr dairsingx camx huih; uree si tingwhau qaur siydngg ee lairbin, jiacc hro limvaqngw kipsiux kacc lorbuew camx huih. Iuu ee jid si hro dxngg-lai ee limvaqngw kipsiux; jongw .si vadd kuanw ee sidbut, jiurr si nngrvehjid, hamjuixtnuawsor, qapp iamm ee lxui, hro uirdngg huicqngw kipsiux. Anxnix tangx jaix langg soxx jiac ee mic siauhuar-au u loring :ee longxx qruix dirr huih, qapp huih sna’ camx liuhingg, laii ngiuxci singkux; byy loring :ee vaii cud.
Langg dikkag diyhh limjiac, jongw .si limjiac diyhh jiauww huatdo jiacc e did diyc lirig. Narr jiac sniu’ qinw, did diyc nuarik byy qauwgiac laii camx lehh, qycc vro byy sniaw iur, jiurr kacc yh siauhuar. Jiac iarr diyhh junxjad, m tangx qaur vaxdniur, dagg langg diyhh jiauww ix ee ligliong jiac. Cud lat juewqangx :ee, cincniu qrngx qiy, pactih, hitt hy ee langg diyhh jiac kacc je; juer kinkyw ee langg tangx jiac kacc jiyw. Iarr diyhh jiauww tnikir laii jiac; qnuatnix e kamx did jiac kacc u iuu ee mic, bah iarr tangx jiac kacc je; narr si zuahtnix jiurr diyh jiac quexjiw, cair, hitt hy kacc cring; x ee mic. Qycc jit hxang iauwqinw :ee si m tangx jiap jiap jiac diamxsimx; jit dxngr jiac liauw diyhh tingwhau quixnarr diamxjingx; iwsur jiurr si tingwhau hro hiaxee mic siauhuar; qycc jit hxang si hro ui e hiyckunr.