Elbow Arthritis
What is it: Degenerative or osteoarthritis of the elbow is not very common. When seen, it may often be related to chronic overuse of the elbow or some previous trauma. Rheumatoid arthritis more commonly affects the elbow than osteoarthritis.
How does it present: The patient may present with progressive elbow pain and stiffness. In some cases, loose bodies may be present within the joint space, which may also cause symptoms of sharp abrupt pain with movement, or a sense of locking and catching.
Common exam findings: The exam may show some decreased range of motion or pain with motion. In cases of a loose body being present, there may be some catching or loss of full extension or flexion due to the location of the loose body. The joint may be tender to palpation. An effusion is more likely to be present with rheumatoid arthritis than with osteoarthritis.
Tests and treatment: X-rays may show evidence of either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. If a loose body is suspected based on history and physical exam, but not seen on x-ray, a computed tomography (CT scan) arthrogram may be needed to further evaluate. Treatment is dependent on the cause of the arthritis: appropriate medical management of rheumatoid arthritis if present, and continued mobility and pain medications for management of osteoarthritis. If loose bodies are present, arthroscopy may be indicated. Joint replacements are not very common, but possible in cases of severe joint destruction and pain.