Allium ursinum
Allii ursini herba
Verfasser
Rolf-Dieter Aye, Jacqueline Jüptner, Wolfgang Ferstl; aktualisiert: Volker Schulz
Übersicht
A > Allium > Allium ursinum L. > Allii ursini herba
Gliederung
Synonyme
Herba Allii ursini
Sonstige Bezeichnungen
dt.: Bärlauchkraut, Zigeunerlauchkraut.
Definition der Droge
Das frische Kraut. Hinweis: Beim Zerkleinern und Trocknen der Blätter ist die Gefahr eines Inhaltsstoffverlustes gegeben [60], [64].
Charakteristik
Stammpflanzen: Allium ursinum L.
Herkunft: Sammlung aus Wildbeständen [1].
Ganzdroge: s. → Botanische Beschreibung der Art.
Schnittdroge: Aussehen. Die oberseits dunkelgrünen, unterseits hellgrünen Blattbruchstücke zeigen parallele Nervatur, wobei der Hauptnerv auf der Unterseite stark hervortritt, während die Seitennerven nur undeutlich erkennbar sind. Die hellgelben bis gelbbraunen Blüten sind sechszipfelig, kurz gestielt; die Früchte, kleine Kapseln, enthalten schwarze Samen. Stiele des doldigen Blütenstandes kommen vor [60].
Pulverdroge: Mikroskopisches Bild. Die Blattepidermen bestehen beiderseits aus langgestreckten Zellen; Spaltöffnungen nur auf der Unterseite, groß und rundlich, mit vier Nebenzellen, davon zwei jeweils an den Polen. Das Mesophyll zeigt keine Differenzierung in Palisaden- und Schwammparenchym. Haare und Kristalle fehlen. Die Pollen sind oval oder halbmondförmig, 35 bis 40 μm lang und 20 bis 25 μm breit und besitzen eine lange Austrittsspalte, die Exine ist schwach gekörnt [60].
Verfälschungen/Verwechslungen: Verfälschungen sind nicht bekannt, Verwechslungen wegen des markanten Geruchs äußerst selten. Beschrieben wurde ein Fall der Verwechslung mit Colchicumblättern [60].
Inhaltsstoffe: Wasserdampfflüchtige Bestandteile 0,007 % [62], s. → Art Allium ursinum und → Droge Allii ursini bulbus.
Lagerung, Stabilität, Verwendung, u. a.
Zubereitungen: Bärlauchkrautextrakt [74].
Volkstümliche Anwendungen &
andere Anwendungsgebiete
In der Volksmedizin ähnlich wie Allium sativum bei Magen-Darm-Störungen, Gärungsdyspepsien, Flatuleszenz; gegen Bluthochdruck und Arteriosklerose. Äußerlich bei chronischen Hautausschlägen [60], [62]. Die Wirksamkeit bei den genannten Anwendungsgebieten ist nicht belegt.
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