J.R.R. Tolkien

There is no doubt that J.R.R. Tolkien was blessed with oceans of inspiration. His work remains brilliant, as well as original, even though it derives from actual historical, ethnological and linguistic data. This is truly remarkable, as he also was quite unstable, emotionally in a manner of speaking, having fought in the nerve -shattering Battle of Somme, during World War I. He also developed a far-rightist mentality, common for the era as Romantic Racialism (Volkskörper, Völkische Bewegung), regardless of the “Third Reich” climax, though, which Tolkien certainly detested. This common ill will, cultivated as it was for several generations, to the Youth throughout the Western Civilized World, eg channeled through an insatiable hatred against the accursed nations of Asia & Africa, people like Jews, Arabs, Turks and Mongols, worthy only of crushing defeat and total elimination. 

However, J.R.R. Tolkien seems to be aware of paradoxes, like the ease with which certain Slavic & Baltic nations helped to shape up the Germanic nations of the Austrians and of the modern Germans, and how certain Uralic & Altaic nations eventually joined forces with Europe and Christianity, that is the nations that formed into the Hungarians, the Estonians, the Finns and the Russians, the latter through the addition of numerous Uralic tribes and the Altaic Cossacks. Tolkien remains amazed by these “exceptions to the rule” of Nordicism & Übermensch, and it becomes apparent throughout his work, that he has also studied the “Kalevala” and other stuff of the Uralics, as well as the “Old Testament” and other stuff of the Hebrews, material that he utilizes freely both for his “good guy” characters & nations, and for the evil ones. The War of the Ring has a historical background, which basically is the 13th - 14th c , the era of the Late Crusades, but it also draws from incidents from a wider timeline, like the creation and the explosive expansion of the Ottoman Empire (14th -15th c) and the defeat of this empire under the walls of Vienna, by the armies of the Rzeczpospolita (1683). 

• The Undying Lands = the New World, the Americas, in a geographical way nevertheless

  • Elves = a higher race deriving from the Undying Lands, superior to Men by all means, their various groups being quite reminiscent of Celtic and Gothic tribes. The Undying Lands seem to be inspired from the Land promised to the Gods, as related from the travels of Saint Brendan, a 6th c AD Celt priester (one of the 12 Apostles of Eire) and seafarer. J.R.R.Tolkien even wrote a poem called “The Voyage of Saint Brendan”, included in his posthumously published time travel story The Lost Road and Other Writings.

• Númenor = an intentionally star-shaped Atlantis

• Middle Earth = the Old World, Europe with the approaches of Asia and Africa, Europe and the Mediterranean, Eurasia

  • Dúnedain or Elendili = noble people from Númenor (Atlantis), rulers of Men in the Middle Earth

  • Seven nations of the Dwarves = 

    1. Cappadocians (Cappadocian Greeks of Phrygian & NeoLuwian descent), 

    2. Pisidians, 

    3. Isaurians, 

    4. Mingrelians & Kartvelians, 

    5. Armenians, 

    6. Kurds & Assyrians, 

    7. Mardaites & Maronites, or other sturdy, valiant, ground-dwelling and rock-elaborating Christian nations of Anatolia, Syria, and the Middle East in general, allude to the “Seven Nations of the Dwarves”.

• • Ithilien = Propontis 

    • Minas Tirith = Nicaea

• Rohan = 11th-15th-c Hungary, alternatively 

  • • • • 17th-c Poland, the triumphant power that repulsed the Ottomans at the gates of Vienna in 1683, or

        • 9th-c Moravia, over which the bishops of Rome and Constantinople stubbornly fought.

• • Rohirrim = the Hungarians (originally the Onogurs: a Hunnic horde of Oghur Turkic stock, a branch of the proto-Bulgars, that joined forces with the Magyars in the Pannonian plains, when chased out of their lands in Ukraine, by their kinsmen, the Khazars). Paradoxically, Tolkien's version of this nation's name, "Rohirrim", utilizes a ...Semitic plural ending.

• Dunland = Poland and Baltics

Gandalf the Gray

• the ~5~ Istari correspond to the ~5~ Patriarchs, respectively: