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Olga G. Budenis, MA in Philology, a Post-Graduate Student (specialty "Comparative-historical, typological and contrastive linguistics"), teacher at Department of English Philology in Yanka Kupala Grodno State University. Her scientific interests include comparative linguistics and functional grammar. Correspondence: ogbudenis@rambler.ru
Citation:
Budenis, Olga. The Paradigms of Spacial Prepositional Combinations with the Basic Componet "СТОРОНА" [Text] / Olga Budenis // Лінгвістичні студії : міжнародний зб. наук. праць. – Київ – Вінниця : ДонНУ, 2015. – Випуск 30. – С. 41-47. / Linguistic Studies : international collection of scientific papers / Donetsk National University ; Ed. by A. P. Zahnitko. – Kyiv – Vinnytsia : DonNU, 2015. – Vol. 30. – Pp. 41-47.
Publication History:
Volume first published online: August 1, 2015
Article received: December 20, 2014, accepted: February 20, 2015 and first published online: August 1, 2015
Annotation.
Annotation.
The article describes the complex paradigm of spacial prepositional combinations, which consists of a hierarchically organized system of paradigms – a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm, a morphosyntagmatical paradigm. The semantic potential of prepositional combinations within each paradigm is revealed. The capability of the complex paradigm of prepositional combinations with the basic word «СТОРОНА» to express all the main kinds of spacial relations is proved in the article.
Keywords: paradigm, prepositional unit, prepositional combination, preposition, syntaxeme, basic component.
© The Editorial Team of Linguistic Studies Linguistic Studies
Volume 30, 2015, pp. 41-47
The Paradigms of Spacial Prepositional Combinations with the Basic Componet "СТОРОНА"
Olga Budenis
Article first published online: August 1, 2015
Abstract.
Abstract.
THE PARADIGMS OF SPACIAL PREPOSITIONAL COMBINATIONS WITH THE BASIC COMPONET "СТОРОНА"
Olga Budenis
Department of English Philology, Janka Kupala Grodno State University, Grodno, Grodno region, the Republic of Belarus
Available 20 December 2014.
Abstract
Relevance
The problem of revealing paradigmatics of the preposition, especially peripheral units of the given category, in particular prepositional combinations, is not developed in modern linguistics.
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to show the prepositional potential of the notional lexeme сторона and reveals paradigms of prepositional units with the given lexeme.
Tasks
It’s necessary 1) to present a theoretical basis on the subject of paradigmatics of the preposition, 2) to show the list of prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона, 3) to reveal all the possible paradigms with the given basic component.
Conclusion
1. The noun сторона as the basic component of prepositional combinations together with primary prepositions represents powerful potential for formation of a complex paradigm, which includes 18 prepositional combinations.
2. The complex paradigm of the prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона is a systemic formation characterized by a precise structure (certain case word forms and certain primary prepositions) and semantic oppositions.
3. The complex paradigm systemacy of prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона is evident in its hierarchical organization – one paradigm enters a more complicated one: a proper case paradigm → a prepositional-case paradigm → a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm → a morphosyntagmatical paradigm → a complex paradigm.
4. The prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона cover all the subcategorical zones of the field of space – directive, locative, transitive – with more fractional differentiation of spacial relations.
Perspective
The presence of complete lists of prepositional combinations will permit to reveal formation patterns of such units and establish their inventory and functioning in modern communication.
Research highlights
► The article describes the complex paradigm of spacial prepositional combinations, which consists of a hierarchically organized system of paradigms – a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm, a morphosyntagmatical paradigm. ► The semantic potential of prepositional combinations within each paradigm is revealed. ► The capability of the complex paradigm of prepositional combinations with the basic word «сторона» to express all the main kinds of spacial relations is proved in the article.
Keywords: paradigm, prepositional unit, prepositional combination, preposition, syntaxeme, basic component.
References
Ahmanova, O. S. (2004). Slovar' lingvisticheskih terminov. M.: Editorial URSS.
Vsevolodova, M. V. & Kukushkina, O. V. & Polikarpov, A. A. (2014). Russkie predlogi i sredstva predlozhnogo tipa. Kniga 1. Vvedenie v obektivnuju grammatiku i leksikografiju russkih predlozhnyh edinic. M.: URSS.
Efremova, T. F. (2004). Tolkovyj slovar' sluzhebnyh chastej rechi russkogo jazyka. M.: OOO "Izdatel'stvo Astrel'": OOO "Izdatel'stvo AST".
Kanjushkevіch, M. І. (2008). Belaruskіja prynazoўnіkі і іh analagі. Gramatyka rjeal'naga ўzhyvannja: matjeryjaly da sloўnіka. Ch.1. Ustanova adukacyі "Grodzenskі dzjarzhaўny unіversіtjet іmja Ja. Kupaly". Grodna: GrDU.
Konjushkevich, M. I. (2001). Novacii v oblasti belorusskogo predloga (sistemnoe, okkazional'noe, avtorskoe). Linhvistychni studiyi: zb. nauk. prats', 22, 121-126. Donec'k: DonNU.
Konjushkevich, M. I. (2004). Funkcii predloga. Funkcіonal'no-komunіkativnі aspekti gramatiki і tekstu. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats', prysvyachenyy yuvileyu profesora A.P.Zahnitka. Donets'k: DonNU.
Morkovkin, V. V. (2003). Objasnitel'nyj slovar' russkogo jazyka: Strukturnye slova: predlogi, sojuzy, chasticy, mezhdometija, vvodnye slova, mestoimenija, chislitel'nye, svjazochnye glagoly. M.: OOO "Izdatel'stvo Astrel'": OOO "Izdatel'stvo AST".
Shuba, P. P. (1993). Tlumachal'ny sloўnіk belaruskіh prynazoўnіkaў. Mn: Narodnaja asveta.
Correspondence: ogbudenis@rambler.ru
Vitae
Olga G. Budenis, MA in Philology, a Post-Graduate Student (specialty "Comparative-historical, typological and contrastive linguistics"), teacher at Department of English Philology in Yanka Kupala Grodno State University. Her scientific interests include comparative linguistics and functional grammar.
Article.
Article.
Olga Budenis
УДК 811.161.1
THE PARADIGMS OF SPACIAL PREPOSITIONAL COMBINATIONS WITH THE BASIC COMPONET СТОРОНА
The article describes the complex paradigm of spacial prepositional combinations, which consists of a hierarchically organized system of paradigms – a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm, a morphosyntagmatical paradigm. The semantic potential of prepositional combinations within each paradigm is revealed. The capability of the complex paradigm of prepositional combinations with the basic word «СТОРОНА» to express all the main kinds of spacial relations is proved in the article.
Keywords: paradigm, prepositional unit, prepositional combination, preposition, syntaxeme, basic component.
In linguistics the term «paradigm» is used mainly as applied to notional words and is defined as «a set of inflexions used as an example of form-building for the given part of speech» [Ахманова 2004: 298].
However, M.V. Vsevolodova claims the existence of paradigms in the category of the preposition, regarding this part of speech as a dynamic morphosyntactical category [Всеволодова 2014].
The relevance of the research of prepositional paradigmatics, especially peripheral units of the given category, in particular prepositional combinations, lies in the revealing of the mechanisms of prepositional paradigms formation, lists of paradigms and lists of units constituting each paradigm, which describes the degree of penetration of notional words into the relative fund of the language.
The purpose of the given article is to show the paradigmatic range of prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона. To achieve the set purpose it’s necessary 1) to present a theoretical basis on the subject of paradigmatics of the preposition, 2) to show the list of prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона, 3) to characterize the system of paradigms of prepositional units with the given component, 4) to show the functional-semantic volume of the paradigm in question in the structure of special relations, which are conveyed be prepositional combinations.
The revelation of paradigmatic relations has become possible due to the extension of the given category by notional words, which are able to fulfill in varying degree similar to prepositions functions without leaving the boundaries of their parts of speech [Шуба 1993].
Notional lexemes in some of their forms enter the field of relativity and form together with various primary prepositions in pre- and postposition analytical prepositional combinations, functioning in their structure as the basic component.
Because of a different linguistic status of such combinations, two terms – prepositional unit (PU) and prepositional combination (PC) – were introduced into scientific vocabulary. The term «prepositional unit» means any constituent of a prepositional field, irrespective of whether it is or is not a properly preposition or stays within the boundaries of its part of speech and fulfills the prepositional function [Всеволодова 2014]. The term «prepositional combination» is defined as an analytical prepositional unity formed on the basis of a combination of a noun and one or more primary prepositions [Kонюшкевич 2011]. The given terms are considered as synonyms in the article.
A basic noun enters a prepositional combination in some of its word forms and, as a result, a prepositional combination forms paradigms. M.V. Vsevolodova distinguishes between a grammatical paradigm (which consists of two subtypes – semantic and morphosyntactical) and a textual paradigm of prepositional units.
A semantic paradigm «is formed by a set of word forms with one categorical, but with invariant specific meanings within the limits of the given functional-semantic category, for example, space: в границах чего, в границы чего, вне границ чего, из границ чего, за границами чего, в пределах чего, в пределы чего, вне пределов чего, из пределов чего, за пределами чего, за пределы чего» [Всеволодова 2014: 68]. As exemplified by M.V. Vsevolodova, such a paradigm is made up by the prepositional units, formed on the basis of synonymic basic components (in this example – words границы and пределы).
M.V. Vsevolodova also admits a stricter understanding of a semantic paradigm, and claims, that it can be formed «by various prepositional combinations of one lexeme with different specific meanings within the limits of one functional-semantic category, for example, nominal locativeness: в пределах села, в пределы села, вне пределов села, за пределы села, за пределами села, из пределов села, etc.» [Всеволодова 2014: 61].
Therefore, the semantics of each word form is stipulated by the meaning of a primary prepositive preposition and a case form of the basic component. Word forms making up such a paradigm, differ not only semantically, but also in form, that gives grounds for further division – a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm.
Within the limits of a proper case paradigm only case forms of the basic component are differentiated. So, the enumerated by M.V. Vsevolodova prepositional combinations represent a proper case paradigm of 4 forms – пределов (genitive case) пределы (accusative case), пределами (instrumental case), пределах (prepositional case).
A proper case paradigm isn’t singled out by M.V. Vsevolodova, as the given word forms don’t function as a preposition without a primary prepositive preposition. But it’s important to find out the prepositional potential of the word forms involved into the field of the preposition, as there are some known non-prepositional word forms functioning as a preposition, for example: высотой 5 м, видеть глазами чужого, etc.
The second paradigm – a prepositional-case one – is made up by case word forms of the basic component together with a primary prepositive preposition. Depending on how many case word forms enter a prepositional combination as the basic component, as well as with what prepositive prepositions these word forms create a prepositional combination, the number of the members of the given paradigm is estimated. Such a paradigm is denominated as a prepositional-case paradigm strictly from the morphological point of view and only with the reference to a) the category of the case and b) a primary prepositive preposition, which defines the meaning of the case.
The research by M.I. Konjushkevich into paradigms of prepositional combinations in the Russian and Belarusian languages shows that Russian and Belarusian prepositional combinations differ in singular and plural forms of the basic component. So, strictly following a morphological criterion, but also taking into consideration the category of the number of the substantive, we can name one more type of a paradigm – a prepositional-case-numeral one: ад рукі – ад рук [Koнюшкевич 2011].
Thus, strictly by a morphological criterion within the boundaries of a morphological paradigm of the preposition three paradigms – a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm – are singled out.
The ability of prepositional combinations to attach a postpositive primary preposition/ prepositions allows to speak about one more type of a paradigm which incorporates a morphological one.
M.V. Vsevolodova denotes the given paradigm as morphosyntactical and defines it as «a number of synonymic formations, differing in a case form of a preprepositional word, as well as the presence / absence of an explicator or a reduplicator: в цвет чего/чему, в цвет к чему, в цвет с чем, в цвет под что»; a case form of the basic component: в интерес/в интересе кого, a singular/plural form of the basic component: в интересе/в интересах кого [Всеволодова 2014: 69].
In our research while speaking about such a paradigm we apply the term offered by M.I. Konushkevich who, according to the structural approach, considers a prepositional combination as a syntagma, which consists of a primary prepositive preposition, the basic component and a primary postpositive preposition. The professor suggests naming the given paradigm a morphosyntagmatical one, taking into consideration that a combination of units of a syntagma occurs «considering the collocation of a word form with different primary prepositions» [Koнюшкевич 2011: 122]. It means that syntagmatic relations of the basic component not only with prepositive, but also with postpositive prepositions are concerned [Kанюшкевіч 2008: 24].
Each of the three elements in the structure of a prepositional combination (in order to prevent ambiguity with the term «the basic component», constituents of a prepositional unit will be called elements) – a primary prepositive preposition, the basic component and a primary postpositive preposition – carries out its specific functions.
The primary prepositive preposition forms the prepositional meaning of a word form and marks the dependence of a syntagma on a governing word in a statement. The basic component specifies the invariant meaning of a syntaxeme. The primary postpositive preposition functions as a specifier of the invariant meaning of the basic component and/or as an explicator, providing the connection of the basic component of a prepositional combination and the lexical component of a syntaxeme [Всеволодова 2014].
Thus, a prepositional combination as a syntagma of 3 elements, forming a syntaxeme and functioning as its formant introduces a syntaxeme into a statement [Koнюшкевич 2004].
Everything told above was necessary to characterize paradigms of prepositional combinations with spacial semantics, formed on the basis of the lexical basic component сторона and primary prepositions.
In lexicographical references one can find 3 prepositional units with the basic component сторона marked as a preposition: сторона: в сторону чего, в стороне от чего [Moрковкин 2003: 79; Ефремова 2004: 134] and со стороны чего [Eфремова 2004: 648].
However, the material selected by the method of continuous sampling from the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NCRL) and the Internet-resources (Int.), has provided us with more prepositional combinations with the given component. They make up a paradigm of 18 members:
From the structural point of view, the given prepositional units form a branched paradigm within the boundaries of which it is possible applying a morphological criterion to single out a proper case paradigm, a prepositional-case paradigm and a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm.
The proper case paradigm is presented in two kinds: a) a proper case paradigm in the singular: forms стороны́ (genitive case), стороне́ (dative case) and сто́рону (accusative case); b) a proper case paradigm in the plural: forms сторо́н (genitive case) and сто́роны (accusative case). The paradigm in the singular comprises more forms than the paradigm in the plural (3:2).
As it has already been mentioned, case forms of a noun without primary prepositions don’t function in the language as spatial prepositions. However, such a paradigm shows prepositional potential of forms of the basic component.
The prepositional-case paradigm is also presented in two kinds, which are asymmetric in the number of members: a) a prepositional-case paradigm in the singular and a prepositional-case paradigm in the plural:
– в сто́рону чего;
– в стороне́ чего;
– со стороны́ чего;
– в сто́роны чего;
– со сторо́н чего
Both the mentioned types of the paradigm make up a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm which includes 5 units, 4 out of which convey directive relations and split into antonymic pairs based on the final and starting points of movement: в сторону чего – со стороны чего; в стороны чего – со сторон чего. The remained member of the paradigm – a prepositional combination в стороне чего – doesn’t have an antonymic pair as it conveys the meaning of locativeness.
The members of all the types of the morphological paradigm – case, prepositional-case and prepositional-case-numeral – are opposed to the prepositional combinations which are complete syntagmas with the structure of «a primary prepositive preposition + the basic component + a primary postpositive preposition» and form a morphosyntagmatical paradigm, consisting of 13 units. In the formation of the given paradigm 9 primary postpositive prepositions are used: к, на, в, от, из, с, по, через, сквозь. The function of the enumerated postpositive prepositions is the differentiation of the spatial meaning set by the semantics of the basic component сторона, as well as the function of an explicator.
If a morphosyntagmatical paradigm is singled out on the ground of syntagmatic relations of the basic component and a primary preposition, combinations of the basic component with primary prepositive prepositions are also syntagmas. Consequently, a morphosyntagmatical paradigm includes all the kinds of a morphological paradigm, except for a proper case paradigm.
It’s reasonable to apply the term «a morphosyntagmatical paradigm» only to trinomial prepositional combinations which consist of a primary prepositive preposition + a word form + a primary postpositive preposition on the ground that it’s exactly postpositive prepositions that form a syntagma in its semantic and syntactic completion, easily entering a statement and collocating grammatically with a governed noun (the nominative component of a syntaxeme). As to all the 18 prepositional combinations, incorporated by one basic component сторона, they form a complex paradigm – a systemic formation with its inner types of relations and oppositions.
The prepositional combinations as members of the given paradigm are opposed to each other not only structurally, but also by the semantics of the syntaxemes, the structure of which they enter as a formant. Inside the complex paradigm there are some types of semantic relations. The first relation – the opposition «directive-finish» – «directive-start» stipulated by a prepositional-case paradigm that is the case meaning of a prepositional-case word form of the basic component.
1.1 The finishing meaning is formed by the following prepositional combinations:
– в сторону чего: Пока неизвестный стрелок перезаряжал свою двустволку, расстрелянный шофёр дал по газам и рванул в сторону ближайшего медпункта (публ.; НКРЯ);
– в стороны чего: В противном случае оборона полков первого эшелона будет просто «прошита» во многих местах и «свернута» в стороны флангов (публ.; НКРЯ).
1.2 The starting meaning is formed by the following prepositional combinations:
– со стороны чего: Время уже "поджимало", решила не "крутить" по забитой машинами площади и заехала на стоянку со стороны выезда (С. Волгин; НКРЯ);
– со сторон чего: Однако уверенные действия Кремля, поддержка Москвы со сторон государств ОДКБ и ШОС, а также союзников в дальнем зарубежье и укрепление военного присутствия на Кавказе свидетельствуют о решимости РФ защитить свои интересы в регионе (публ.; НКРЯ).
Within the opposition «finish – start» one can also observe an opposition of the final and starting points of movement. The given oppositions are defined by the lexical meaning of postpositive prepositions: к, во, на – от, из, с. However, in relation to finish and start there is some asymmetry. So, finishing members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm have both meanings – the meaning of the final point (в сторону к / в / на) and the meaning of the starting point (в сторону от / из / с), while the starting members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm are only capable to express the meaning of the starting point (со стороны с / из / от). The starting members don’t possess the meaning of the final point (*со стороны в / к / на):
2.1 The «final point» relation in the finishing members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm:
– в сторону к чему: Сначала фармацевт метнулась в сторону к полкам с разными таблетками, но резко остановилась и тихо сказала, что сейчас «Линдаксы» нет (публ.; НКРЯ);
– в сторону на что: Я тоже не мог удержаться от соблазна, «оседлав» велосипед, оттолкнулся ногами от дна и вместе с велосипедом плавно перелетел метра на полтора в сторону на ровную площадку (публ.; НКРЯ);
– в сторону во что: Сначала раскапывали и снимали слой за слоем торфа и отвозили их в сторону в торфяной отвал (В.А. Обручев; НКРЯ).
2.2 The «starting point» relation in the finishing members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm:
– в сторону от чего: Организаторы фестиваля заранее договаривались с ближайшим (марсельским) аэропортом, чтобы на время концерта воздушный коридор для самолётов смещался в сторону от городка (И.А. Архипова; НКРЯ);
– в сторону из чего: Уродливость быта и капризная разнузданность психики объясняли Самгину его раздор с действительностью, а мучительные поиски героями Достоевского непоколебимой истины и внутренней свободы, снова приподнимая его, выводили в сторону из толпы обыкновенных людей, сближая его с беспокойными героями Достоевского (М. Горький; НКРЯ);
– в сторону с чего: Только пташки – ржанки отпархивают в сторону с дороги (В.А. Гиляровский; НКРЯ).
2.3 The «starting point» relation in the starting members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm:
– со стороны из чего: Третий шел со стороны из болот (М.М. Пришвин; НКРЯ);
– со стороны от чего: Со стороны от Фомкина слышался наносимый ветром беспорядочный звон набатного колокола (А.Ф. Писемский; НКРЯ).
2.4 The «final point» relation isn’t presented in the starting members of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm due to the disagreement of the meanings – the starting meaning of the prepositional-case form со стороны and the final meaning of primary prepositions к, на, в, which prevents cohesion of a prepositional combination as a formant of a syntaxeme. As a result the enumerated prepositions can’t function in such combinations as explicators.
3. Finally, in the types of relations mentioned in paragraphs 2.1, 2.2., 2.3. oppositions in every point of movement in relation to the character of these points are observed:
3.1 The finishing relation «to the surface / close»:
– в сторону к чему: И вот он ушёл в сторону к расщелине, где было спокойнее, и никто ему не мешал (М.А. Булгаков; НКРЯ);
– в сторону на что: Прислушивайтесь к голосу жизни – вот что хотелось бы мне сказать в будущее, и я вспоминаю при этом Вас, Вашу немного склоненную голову и глаза, внимательно отведенные в сторону на предметы, нисколько, казалось мне, не интересующие их, – Вы тогда слышите больше, чем видите, и о том, что слышите, не говорите (Н.Н. Пунин; НКРЯ).
3.2 The finishing relation «inwards»: в сторону во что: А, вот, стемнеет, луна, по счастью, всходит позднее, мигом отлетит верст на пять-шесть в сторону в укромное местечко (Н.П. Карабчевский; НКРЯ).
3.3 The finishing (according to the prepositional-case paradigm) / starting (according to the morphosyntagmatical paradigm) relation «from the surface»:
– в сторону от чего: Павел увидел гвоздь, торчащий из-под жестяного подоконника, намотал на него веревочку, после этого пихнул брата в сторону от двери, туда, где он был не виден из комнаты (А. Слаповский; НКРЯ);
– в сторону с чего: – Давай, иди, – судорожно выдавил он и ступнул в сторону с тропинки прямо в крапиву, после чего свистяще выматерил все на свете (А. Терехов; НКРЯ).
3.4 The finishing (according to the prepositional-case paradigm) / starting (according to the morphosyntagmaticalparadigm) relation «outwards»: в сторону из чего: Я принимал их на дне и отбрасывал в сторону из луж под колодцами на сухое место (И. Вольский; НКРЯ).
3.5 The starting (according to the prepositional-case paradigm) / starting (according to the morphosyntagmatical paradigm) relation «from the surface»:
– со стороны от чего: Со стороны от Фомкина слышался наносимый ветром беспорядочный звон набатного колокола (А.Ф. Писемский; НКРЯ).
– со стороны с чего: В общей сложности NR получил десять предложений, в том числе со стороны с инвесткомпаний (публ.; НКРЯ).
3.6 The starting (according to the prepositional-case paradigm) / starting (according to the morphosyntagmatical paradigm) relation «outwards»: со стороны из чего: Третий шел со стороны из болот (М.М. Пришвин; НКРЯ).
4. The considered in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 types of the prepositional combinations, expressing directive relations within the boundaries of the morphosyntagmatical paradigm, are opposed to the prepositional combinations, expressing locative relations. This type of relations is presented at the level of the prepositional-case paradigm by two prepositional combinations в стороне чего and в стороне от, which form a new opposition based on locativeness – directiveness when entering a morphosyntagmatical paradigm due to the postpositive preposition.
– в стороне чего: Ночью в стороне Москвы то и дело вспыхивает зарево прожекторов (Интернет);
– в стороне от чего: В стороне от избушки нашёл я сухую пихту и, пока рубил её, думал о пленниках, оставшихся на столе (Ю. Коваль; НКРЯ).
5. All the described above kinds of relations (directive and locative) in the morphosyntagmatical paradigm are opposed to transitive relations, stipulated by the meaning of postpositive prepositions по, через, сквозь, while all of them mark only finishing semantics of the prepositional combinations:
– в сторону по чему: Елизавета вдруг свернула и полезла в сторону по сугробам, и я, набирая снега в ботинки, уже издали заметив, как серой папахой торчит из снега плита «Эдуард Григорьевич Бабаев», откопал из-под снега годы «1928–1995» и бросил в получившуюся ямку гвоздики, на снег, под которым спряталось зимовать надгробие тещи Бабаева: четыре года прошло! (А. Терехов; НКРЯ);
– в сторону сквозь что: Да, сколько раз я бросался в сторону сквозь кусты, увидев буроватую округлую шляпку белого гриба (Вл. Солоухин; НКРЯ);
– в сторону через что: Положил мне на колени вожжи и пошел в сторону через лесочек! (Н.С. Лесков; НКРЯ).
The conclusion.
1. The noun сторона as the basic component of prepositional combinations together with primary prepositions represents powerful potential for formation of the complex paradigm, which includes 18 prepositional combinations.
2. The complex paradigm of prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона is a systemic formation characterized by a precise structure (certain case word forms and certain primary prepositions) and semantic oppositions.
3. The complex paradigm systemacy of the prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона is evident in its hierarchical organization – each paradigm enters a more complicated one: a proper case paradigm → a prepositional-case paradigm → a prepositional-case-numeral paradigm → a morphosyntagmatical paradigm → a complex paradigm.
4. The prepositional combinations with the basic component сторона cover all the subcategorical zones of the field of space – directive, locative, transitive – with more fractional differentiation of spacial relations.
The presence of complete lists of prepositional combinations will permit to reveal formation patterns of such units and establish their inventory and functioning in modern communication.
References.
References.
References
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Sources and Abbreviations
НКРЯ – Национальный корпус русского языка
У статті розглядається комплексна парадигма просторових реченнєвих сполук, що становить ієрархічно організовану систему парадигм – відмінкової, прийменниково-відмінкової, прийменниково-відмінково-числової, морфосинтагматичною. Розкривається семантичний потенціал реченнєвих сполук у межах кожної парадигми. Доводиться здатність комплексної парадигми реченнєвих сполук з базовим компонентом «СТОРОНА» забезпечити вираження всіх основних видів просторових відношень у російській мові.
Ключові слова: парадигма, реченнєва сполука, прийменник, синтаксема, базовий компонент.
Available 20 December 2014.
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