PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN DUHOK

Zana Sidiq Mohammed Saleem

Hama Najm Jaf

University of Duhok, Faculty of Medical Sciences

School of Medicine, Duhok Dialysis and Transplantation Center

Head Kurdistan Board for Medical Specializations.

PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN DUHOK

ABSTRACT

Background

The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of risk factors of metabolic origin that are accompanied by increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. These risk factors are atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, elevated plasma glucose, a prothrombotic state, and a proinflammatory state. Metabolic syndrome is associated with overall mortality; with cardiovascular mortality in particular; it has been shown that metabolic syndrome is an independent clinical indicator of macro- and microvascular complications in diabetics.

Objective

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of metabolic syndrome among type-2 diabetic patients in Duhok Governorate.

Patients and Methods

This study involved 394 randomly selected patients from those suffering from type-2 diabetes mellitus, from 1st February through 30th June 2009 and who were attending Duhok Diabetic Center. The patients were interviewed and examined, and their lipid profiles and fasting blood sugar were checked 12 hours after an overnight fasting. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III..

Results

Three hundred ninety four patients (males 33%, females 67 %) were screened and their mean age was (52 ± 8) years, 77% of participants were found to have metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was more among females (89%), those with high fasting blood glucose (93%), those with high waist circumference (80%), those with high triglyceride (72%), those with low high density lipoprotein (90%), high blood pressure (68%), and those who lacked physical activities.

Conclusion

A comprehensive protocol for management of diabetic patients needs to be adopted involving not only control of blood sugar but also other risk factors like obesity, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia.

Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Duhok.

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