Does the Devil Exist
Does the Devil Exist?
By
Gary Primo
I posted an article a week or two ago titled, “Azazel”. I thought I had covered all my bases but then received the following assessment from fellow Believer, Harold Smith, of He Who has an Ear Ministries.
...Gary, you are teaching doctrines of demons. There is no "Satan" in scripture.
As mentioned in the article, Chasing Lucifer (click highlighted words to view content), the reason this transliterated Hebrew word, sa-tan, which means "adversarial opposition" has become associated with a persona called "Satan" in the Greek translations is because sa-tan was translated using the Greek word diabolos (meaning “devil”) which was then assumed to characterize a persona. But the Hebrew word, sa-tan, is never found to be an entity in the original Hebrew scriptures and is certainly not characterized as "devilish" - this is solely a Greek invention. Most who read the "Old Testament" in their modern bibles are not aware that the English translation they hold comes from the Septuagint - the Greek translation from the Original Hebrew. When compared alongside the actual Hebrew words contained in a Hebrew Interlinear Version), however, it quickly becomes apparent where many of the Greek influences of the translators were inserted - i.e., the Latin name "Lucifer" and the arbitrary capitalization of sa-tan not found in the original Hebrew language. There is no capitalization in either of the Hebrew, Latin or Greek languages. Thus, the translators turned an actionable verb into a masculine noun entity to support their agenda with a single capitalized English letter. Secondly, there is no developmental line from a non-entity in the Original Writings to a fully developed entity in the Messianic Writings that warrant such an assumption - as there is with, say, the Messiah (see the Kinsman Redeemer series for that development). Here again, we find the theological influence of the translators overwriting the original Hebrew perspective to support a replacement theology not traceable any further back in history than 150 to 200 years after the Resurrection. "Satan" does not appear as an entity in any literature until the writings of Origen (184/185 – 253/254), some 200 years after the Resurrection. In "Contra Celsum", vi. 43, Origen identifies the fallen angel Azazel in the Book of Enoch 8:1 as "Satan". The Book of Enoch, found among the Dead Sea Scrolls at Qumran where the name Azazel occurs in the line 6 of 4Q203, was written around 200 BCE and is considered part of Hebrew literature - validated in Jude 1:14-15. This account in 1 Enoch is also described briefly in Genesis 6:2-8. In Leviticus 16:8, 10, 26 however, the Hebrew word azazel is found to mean "scapegoat" - most probably the connection Origen found to link these disparate fragments together into a theology. Origen is also credited for the introduction of the idea of pre-existence and transmigration of souls, and apokatastasis, or universal reconciliation into the Christian lexicon - ideas which were discussed among some patristic writers but which were later rejected as heretical. This theology of an entity called "Satan" evolved to become interwoven throughout the doctrines of Christianity which openly rejects the Hebrew influence and the Hebrew God spoken of in scripture. In Hebrew, the word, sa-tan, is projected as an opposing, adversarial force to the Words of YHVH with all of the following meanings: divide, set at odds with, accuse, slander, reject, deceive, oppose, be adversarial - but not once in the original Hebrew language is it distinguishable as a persona.
Matthew 6:13 actually says, "...deliver us from evil" - not "the evil one" as religious tradition teaches. The Greek word, poneros, translated as "evil" in the English version of this verse, means "full of labors, annoyances, hardships" and says nothing about an entity named "Satan". It is the same word used for "evil" in Matthew 5:37 - again, no mention of Satan. Can you see how the tradition of replacement theology has overwritten the meaning by inserting its own doctrine in the choice of words as pointed out above? In Matthew 16:23, you have to ask - who is Yeshua speaking to? Does He mean a person named Satan physically entered Peter's body and took him over, forcibly making him say things he did not want to say which openly contradicts the English translation of 1John 5:18? Or, rather (as the context indicates), could it mean that Yeshua was rebuking the person, Peter, for the adversarial opposition his words presented as a temptation that would seek to change the course of what the Father's Words to Yeshua were? The same is true of Yeshua's supposed encounter with an entity in the wilderness. Strangely, this Greek word, peirazo, translated as "the tempter" in Matthew 4:3. is the same Greek word used to describe the significance the actions of the Pharisees had on Yeshua in Matthew 16:1, Matthew 19:3, Matthew 22:18, which means "to try, make trial of, test: for the purpose of ascertaining his quality or how he will behave himself" - again, no distinctively separate entity. In each case, the temptation given Yeshua was the same as it is for any man - to follow his own will and determination instead of the Words of the Father (Hebrews 5:8).
You need to take heed, my brother, that you do not place yourself in judgment as did the Pharisees. The harshest words Yeshua ever had for anyone, He reserved for men in positions of religious "leadership" calling them vipers, snakes not worthy to enter the Kingdom of YHVH primarily because, through their teaching, they shut up the Kingdom not only to themselves - but from those who followed them as well (Matthew 23:33, referencing Psalm 140:3).
Well, you can imagine my initial reaction to this scathing response. I certainly would never knowingly teach a doctrine of devils and I was initially quite incensed over Harold’s accusation. Once I calmed down some, I began to question if what Harold was saying was true or not. He certainly believed it was. Could this be yet another area in which I have been deceived all this time? Naturally I had to find out. So, without knowing where this study is going to take me, I am going to find out.
The first thought that popped into my head was the old saying, “The devils’ greatest deception is convincing the world that he doesn’t exist.” There has to be a source for evil, otherwise it would not exist. If that source is not a rebellious ach-angel named Azazel, then that leaves only Yahuwah as the source of evil. And since good and evil cannot occupy the same space, I would call that impossible. According to Harold, evil just popped into man’s head from nowhere. It was always there. I will agree that the possibility of turning evil was always with man, it was an external source (serpent/snake) that tempted him into evil. He did not come up with the plan on his own. Therefore, how can man’s own mind be the source of evil.
Surprisingly, Harold’s claim that the Jews do not believe in the existence of an actual spirit being known as the Adversary is true. They believe it is a state of mind, not an actual persona. Harold uses the fact that the Hebrew language does not use capitalization to denote persons. Well, if that is his proof, how can we be sure of any of the names we know from the Scriptures. Are they real people or just a state of mind?
This site explains their view quite clearly.
https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/satan-the-adversary/
Jewish vs. Christian Conceptions of Satan
On the whole, Satan occupies a far more prominent place in Christian theology than in traditional rabbinic sources. The Book of Revelation, in the New Testament, references an “ancient serpent” — commonly understood as the snake that tempted Eve in the Garden of Eden — “who is the Devil and Satan.” It describes a red dragon with seven heads and 10 horns that stands opposite a pregnant woman about to give birth in order to devour the child — that is, Jesus. Revelation further describes a war in heaven in which Satan is hurled to earth, where he proceeds to lead the world astray. (In the New Testament’s Book of Luke, Jesus says he saw Satan “fall like lightning from heaven.”) According to Christian prophecy, Satan will be bound by a chain for 1,000 years after the return of Jesus.
Some of these Christian ideas are echoed in Jewish tradition, but some also point to fundamental differences — most notably perhaps the idea that, in the Hebrew Bible at least, Satan is ultimately subordinate to God, carrying out his purpose on earth. Or that he isn’t real at all, but is merely a metaphor for sinful impulses.
The kabbalistic and Hasidic literature complicate this view, offering a closer parallel to Christian eschatology. Both the kabbalistic/Hasidic and Christian traditions describe the forces of the holy and the demonic as locked in a struggle that will culminate in God’s eventual victory. According to some scholars, this is born of the considerable cross-pollination between Christian and Jewish thinking in the so-called “golden age” of Jewish culture in Spain during the Middle Ages, from whence many of the early kabbalistic texts, including the Zohar, emerged.
Old Testament Scriptures dealing with Satan
I have pulled the verses dealing with Satan and the devil. I wished to compare them with the Hebrew Interlinear. Of course the Hebrew interlinear only deals with the Old Testament. To save time, I have checked out all the verses and concur with Harold that all use the word adversary in place of a proper name, “Satan”. However, the term adversary is still used in regard to a persona, not any evil part of our brain. I will provide a couple and you can check out the rest for yourselves.
1Ch 21:1 - And Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel.
Hebrew Interlinear
“and he-is-standing adversary on Israel and he is inciting David to to-the count-of Israel”.
Well, we can get one of two answers here. Either some powerful spirit being was “standing” on (before) Israel and enticing David to number Israel or it was the “dark place’ in David’s mind that enticed him to number Israel. This decision was clearly not from Yahuwah and was counted as sin against Him. And, I must admit, I have never understood what was wrong with taking a census, especially when preparing for war.
The following are the only verses that mention the taking of a census.
Then Yahuwah said to Moses, "Number every firstborn male of the sons of Israel from a month old and upward, and make a list of their names.
For when the people were numbered, behold, not one of the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead was there.
Verse Concepts
He numbered them in Bezek; and the sons of Israel were 300,000, and the men of Judah 30,000.
Verse Concepts
Then Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin And Saul numbered the people who were present with him, about six hundred men.
Verse Concepts
Your heart will meditate on terror: "Where is he who counts? Where is he who weighs? Where is he who counts the towers?"
Verse Concepts
Joab the son of Zeruiah had begun to count them, but did not finish; and because of this, wrath came upon Israel, and the number was not included in the account of the chronicles of King David.
But he did not number Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king's command was abhorrent to Joab.
The following commentary likely explains it best.
1. Satan stood up against Israel--God, by withdrawing His grace at this time from David permitted the tempter to prevail over him. As the result of this successful temptation was the entail of a heavy calamity as a punishment from God upon the people, it might be said that "Satan stood up against Israel."
number Israel--In the act of taking the census of a people, there is not only no evil, but much utility. But numbering Israel--that people who were to become as the stars for multitude, implying a distrust of the divine promise, was a sin; and though it had been done with impunity in the time of Moses, at that enumeration each of the people had contributed "half a shekel towards the building of the tabernacle," that there might be no plague among them when he numbered them ( Exodus 30:12 ). Hence the numbering of that people was in itself regarded as an undertaking by which the anger of God could be easily aroused; but when the arrangements were made by Moses for the taking of the census, God was not angry because the people were numbered for the express purpose of the tax for the sanctuary, and the money which was thus collected ("the atonement money," Exodus 30:16 ) appeased Him. Everything depended, therefore, upon the design of the census [BERTHEAU]. The sin of David numbering the people consisted in its being either to gratify his pride to ascertain the number of warriors he could muster for some meditated plan of conquest; or, perhaps, more likely still, to institute a regular and permanent system of taxation, which he deemed necessary to provide an adequate establishment for the monarchy, but which was regarded as a tyrannical and oppressive exaction--an innovation on the liberty of the people--a departure from ancient usage unbecoming a king of Israel.
Back to Satan:
I pulled the following from the online Hebrew Interlinear.
https://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/OTpdf/job1.pdf
Job 1:6 - Now there was a day when the sons of Elohim came to present themselves before Yahuwah, and Satan came also among them.
Hebrew Interlinear
And he was that day and they are coming sons of the Elohim to station themselves of on Yahweh and he is coming moreover the adversary in the midst of them.
The rest of the verses read the same way. So, the devil’s name is not Satan. He is known only as the adversary which is what the name Satan means. So, in other words, the adversary is not named, therefore he does not exist? Not in my world!
Job 1:7 - And Yahuwah said unto Satan, Whence come you? Then Satan answered Yahuwah, and said, From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it.
OHIB (Online Hebrew Interlinear Bible) - And he is saying Yahuwah to the adversary, from where are you coming? And he is answering the adversary. Yahuwah and he is saying from to-go-to and fro of (in the) earth.
One of the first things I noticed, in the same reference book Harold refers me to as proof of his argument, is that personage is implied is by adding the definite article “the” before the name (as they have done with the righteous spirit of Yahuwah). Adverse or adversarial would not be preceded by the preposition “the”. So the term presented here obviously is speaking of a person.
Job 1:8 - And Yahuwah said unto Satan, Have you considered my servant Job, that there is none like him in the earth, a perfect and an upright man, one that fears Elohim, and eschews evil?
OHIB - And he is saying Yahuwah to the adversary, you placed the heart of you on servant of me Job, that there is no like him in the earth, man flawless and upright, fearing of Elohim and withdrawing from evil
Again, the use of the definite article “the” infers personage. Why would they use this characteristic of personage if it were not a person it was referring to? Is Yahuwah talking to Himself? Is there a dark evil place in His mind? If a spiritual Adversary does not exist and evil clearly does, that leaves only Yahuwah as the source of evil. Yahuwah gave man a choice, and man chose evil.
Job 1:9 - Then Satan answered Yahuwah, and said, Does Job fear Elohim for nought?
OHIB - And he is answering the adversary Yahuwah and he is saying, gratuitously he fears Job elohim.
Here we have the pronoun, “the” being used, obviously implying personage of a male gender, plus we have the definite article “the” preceding adversary, and quite clearly speaking of a person.
Job 2:7 - So went Satan forth from the presence of Yahuwah, and smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.
OHIB – and he is going forth the adversary from faces of Yahuwah and he is smiting Job in boil evil from soul of foot of him unto and unto scalp of him.
How can there be any doubt that these terms imply personage?
Ps 109:6 - Set you a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand.
OHIB – Give supervision you wicked one and adversary he shall stand on right side of him.
Again this verse is implying personage.
Zec 3:1- And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of Yahuwah, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him.
OHIB – And he is showing me Joshua the priest the great standing to the faces of messenger of Yahuwah and the adversary standing on the right of him to be adversary of him.
Here we are presented with both cases – personage and non personage.
Zec 3:2 - And Yahuwah said unto Satan, Yahuwah rebuke you, O Satan; even Yahuwah that has chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee: is not this a brand plucked out of the fire?
OHIB – And he is saying Yahuwah to the adversary he shall rebuke you in the adversary and he will rebuke Yahuwah in you in the adversary the one choosing in Jerusalem not this wooden poker being rescued from fire.
Well, I don’t about you, but these verses all seem to imply personage to me, even in the Hebrew. One fallacy that most encounter in searching out their Hebrew roots is that the Jews had it all right. The Jews corrupted their faith just as badly as any other religion. They produced their own Talmud (writings of the rabbis) to replace or override the Torah. Their claims concerning Yahushua are particularly disgusting. By the time Yahushua (their promised messiah) came, they did not even recognize him, and killed him. So, why would anyone believe a Jew?
Yahushua repeatedly pointed out the hypocrisy of the Jewish religious leaders. The laws they accused Yahushua of violating were not the laws of Yahuwah but of the Jewish Rabbis. They added their own rules and their own interpretations of the law
Frankly I doubt that Harold even read the whole article before attacking it. If he had, he would have seen that I drew pretty much the same conclusion, that Satan is not the name of the adversary or anyone else. It is not a name at all but a title. The term, “the Devil” is also a title rather than a proper name. It is only used in the New Testament and is definitely a product of the Greek culture; however, it still appears to represent and actual spirit being and not some black hole in our brains. Also, there are a number of places that reference “a devil” denoting that there is more than one. Therefore, I believe that the term, “devil” can also rightly apply to any of the demons. They are, after all, cut from the same cloth.
I believe that this verse from Matthew says it all:
Mt 25:41 - Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels:
Here the “devil’ is presented separate from his fellow rebellious angels. He is the supreme leader of the rebellious angels. The leader on Earth was Samyaza. But Azazel was the one who led the angelic rebellion from above the earth. The term, “his angels” denotes ownership. Therefore, he was obviously the leader. According to the Books of Enoch, the adversary’s name is Azazel. He is distinguished from Samyaza as the one who led the Heavenly revolt and Samyaza the earthly.
Excerpts from the Book of Enoch:
Chapter 8
1 And Azazel taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to them the metals of the earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all 2 colouring tinctures. And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they 3 were led astray, and became corrupt in all their ways. Semjaza taught enchantments, and root-cuttings, 'Armaros the resolving of enchantments, Baraqijal (taught) astrology, Kokabel the constellations, Ezeqeel the knowledge of the clouds, Araqiel the signs of the earth, Shamsiel the signs of the sun, and Sariel the course of the moon. And as men perished, they cried, and their cry went up to heaven . . .
Even though Azazel is not counted among the 20 demonic leaders, he does appear to have come down to earth and taught mankind all the things listed here.
Chapter 9
1 And then Michael, Uriel, Raphael, and Gabriel looked down from heaven and saw much blood being 2 shed upon the earth, and all lawlessness being wrought upon the earth. And they said one to another: 'The earth made without inhabitant cries the voice of their cryingst up to the gates of heaven. 3 And now to you, the holy ones of heaven, the souls of men make their suit, saying, "Bring our cause 4 before the Most High."' And they said to the Lord of the ages: 'Lord of lords, God of gods, King of kings, and God of the ages, the throne of Thy glory (standeth) unto all the generations of the 5 ages, and Thy name holy and glorious and blessed unto all the ages! Thou hast made all things, and power over all things hast Thou: and all things are naked and open in Thy sight, and Thou seest all 6 things, and nothing can hide itself from Thee. Thou seest what Azazel hath done, who hath taught all unrighteousness on earth and revealed the eternal secrets which were (preserved) in heaven, which 7 men were striving to learn: And Semjaza, to whom Thou hast given authority to bear rule over his associates. And they have gone to the daughters of men upon the earth, and have slept with the 9 women, and have defiled themselves, and revealed to them all kinds of sins. And the women have 10 borne giants, and the whole earth has thereby been filled with blood and unrighteousness. And now, behold, the souls of those who have died are crying and making their suit to the gates of heaven, and their lamentations have ascended: and cannot cease because of the lawless deeds which are 11 wrought on the earth. And Thou knowest all things before they come to pass, and Thou seest these things and Thou dost suffer them, and Thou dost not say to us what we are to do to them in regard to these.'
Here we see that Azazel gets the blame overall for corrupting the other fallen angels. It is also apparent that these are two separate entities with individual positions of authority.
Chapter 10
1 Then said the Most High, the Holy and Great One spake, and sent Uriel to the son of Lamech, 2 and said to him: 'Go to Noah and tell him in my name "Hide thyself!" and reveal to him the end that is approaching: that the whole earth will be destroyed, and a deluge is about to come 3 upon the whole earth, and will destroy all that is on it. And now instruct him that he may escape 4 and his seed may be preserved for all the generations of the world.' And again the Lord said to Raphael: 'Bind Azazel hand and foot, and cast him into the darkness: and make an opening 5 in the desert, which is in Dudael, and cast him therein. And place upon him rough and jagged rocks, and cover him with darkness, and let him abide there for ever, and cover his face that he may 6,7 not see light. And on the day of the great judgement he shall be cast into the fire. And heal the earth which the angels have corrupted, and proclaim the healing of the earth, that they may heal the plague, and that all the children of men may not perish through all the secret things that the 8 Watchers have disclosed and have taught their sons. And the whole earth has been corrupted 9 through the works that were taught by Azazel: to him ascribe all sin.' And to Gabriel said the Lord: 'Proceed against the bastards and the reprobates, and against the children of fornication: and destroy [the children of fornication and] the children of the Watchers from amongst men [and cause them to go forth]: send them one against the other that they may destroy each other in 10 battle: for length of days shall they not have. And no request that they (i.e. their fathers) make of thee shall be granted unto their fathers on their behalf; for they hope to live an eternal life, and 11 that each one of them will live five hundred years.' And the Lord said unto Michael: 'Go, bind Semjaza and his associates who have united themselves with women so as to have defiled themselves 12 with them in all their uncleanness. And when their sons have slain one another, and they have seen the destruction of their beloved ones, bind them fast for seventy generations in the valleys of the earth, till the day of their judgement and of their consummation, till the judgement that is 13 for ever and ever is consummated. In those days they shall be led off to the abyss of fire: and 14 to the torment and the prison in which they shall be confined for ever. And whosoever shall be condemned and destroyed will from thenceforth be bound together with them to the end of all 15 generations. And destroy all the spirits of the reprobate and the children of the Watchers, because 16 they have wronged mankind. Destroy all wrong from the face of the earth and let every evil work come to an end: and let the plant of righteousness and truth appear: and it shall prove a blessing; the works of righteousness and truth' shall be planted in truth and joy for evermore.
Here we read of two separate judgments – one for Azazel and one for Samyaza. Azazel is sentenced to be imprisoned in the earth forever. Samyaza and the other nineteen Watchers are only sentenced to 70 generations in the earth. I checked the internet to see what number constituted a generation. I found 4 different answers.
1 – 30 years. 30 x 70 = 2100
2 – 40 years. 40 x 70 = 2800
3 – 70 years 70 x 70 = 4900
4 – 100 years 100 x 70 = 7,000
It is presumed that Enoch was born in 3381 BC. However, I cannot say that this is the right date to begin counting. Let’s play with the numbers and see what comes out.
1 – 3381 - 2100 = 5481 years = 1281bc
2 – 3381 - 2800 = 6181 years = 419bc
3 – 3381 - 4900 = 8281 years = 1519ad
4 – 3381 - 7000 = 10, 381 years = 3619 ad
I have no idea what these dates mean.
Chapter 13
1 And Enoch went and said: 'Azazel, thou shalt have no peace: a severe sentence has gone forth 2 against thee to put thee in bonds: And thou shalt not have toleration nor request granted to thee, because of the unrighteousness which thou hast taught, and because of all the works of godlessness 3 and unrighteousness and sin which thou hast shown to men.' Then I went and spoke to them all 4 together, and they were all afraid, and fear and trembling seized them. And they besought me to draw up a petition for them that they might find forgiveness, and to read their petition in the presence 5 of the Lord of heaven. For from thenceforward they could not speak (with Him) nor lift up their 6 eyes to heaven for shame of their sins for which they had been condemned. Then I wrote out their petition, and the prayer in regard to their spirits and their deeds individually and in regard to their 7 requests that they should have forgiveness and length. And I went off and sat down at the waters of Dan, in the land of Dan, to the south of the west of Hermon: I read their petition till I fell 8 asleep. And behold a dream came to me, and visions fell down upon me, and I saw visions of chastisement, and a voice came bidding (me) I to tell it to the sons of heaven, and reprimand them. 9 And when I awaked, I came unto them, and they were all sitting gathered together, weeping in 10 'Abelsjail, which is between Lebanon and Seneser, with their faces covered. And I recounted before them all the visions which I had seen in sleep, and I began to speak the words of righteousness, and to reprimand the heavenly Watchers.
Chapter 20
1,2 And these are the names of the holy angels who watch. Uriel, one of the holy angels, who is 3 over the world and over Tartarus. Raphael, one of the holy angels, who is over the spirits of men. 4,5 Raguel, one of the holy angels who takes vengeance on the world of the luminaries. Michael, one 6 of the holy angels, to wit, he that is set over the best part of mankind and over chaos. Saraqael, 7 one of the holy angels, who is set over the spirits, who sin in the spirit. Gabriel, one of the holy 8 angels, who is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim. Remiel, one of the holy angels, whom God set over those who rise.
Chapter 40
1 And after that I saw thousands of thousands and ten thousand times ten thousand, I saw a multitude 2 beyond number and reckoning, who stood before the Lord of Spirits. And on the four sides of the Lord of Spirits I saw four presences, different from those that sleep not, and I learnt their names: for the angel that went with me made known to me their names, and showed me all the hidden things. 3 And I heard the voices of those four presences as they uttered praises before the Lord of glory. 4,5 The first voice blesses the Lord of Spirits for ever and ever. And the second voice I heard blessing 6 the Elect One and the elect ones who hang upon the Lord of Spirits. And the third voice I heard pray and intercede for those who dwell on the earth and supplicate in the name of the Lord of Spirits. 7 And I heard the fourth voice fending off the Satans and forbidding them to come before the Lord 8 of Spirits to accuse them who dwell on the earth. After that I asked the angel of peace who went with me, who showed me everything that is hidden: 'Who are these four presences which I have 9 seen and whose words I have heard and written down?' And he said to me: 'This first is Michael, the merciful and long-suffering: and the second, who is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael: and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel: and the fourth, who is set over the repentance unto hope of those who inherit eternal life, is named Phanuel.' 10 And these are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices I heard in those days.
Chapter 55
1 And after that the Head of Days repented and said: ' In vain have I destroyed all who dwell 2 on the earth.' And He sware by His great name: ' Henceforth I will not do so to all who dwell on the earth, and I will set a sign in the heaven: and this shall be a pledge of good faith between Me and them for ever, so long as heaven is above the earth. And this is in accordance with My command. 3 When I have desired to take hold of them by the hand of the angels on the day of tribulation and pain because of this, I will cause My chastisement and My wrath to abide upon them, saith 4 God, the Lord of Spirits. Ye mighty kings who dwell on the earth, ye shall have to behold Mine Elect One, how he sits on the throne of glory and judges Azazel, and all his associates, and all his hosts in the name of the Lord of Spirits.'
Chapter 68
1 And after that my grandfather Enoch gave me the teaching of all the secrets in the book in the Parables which had been given to him, and he put them together for me in the words of the book 2 of the Parables. And on that day Michael answered Raphael and said: ' The power of the spirit transports and makes me to tremble because of the severity of the judgement of the secrets, the judgement of the angels: who can endure the severe judgement which has been executed, and before 3 which they melt away ? ' And Michael answered again, and said to Raphael: ' Who is he whose heart is not softened concerning it, and whose reins are not troubled by this word of judgement 4 (that) has gone forth upon them because of those who have thus led them out ? ' And it came to pass when he stood before the Lord of Spirits, Michael said thus to Raphael: ' I will not take their part under the eye of the Lord; for the Lord of Spirits has been angry with them because they do 5 as if they were the Lord. Therefore all that is hidden shall come upon them for ever and ever; for neither angel nor man shall have his portion (in it), but alone they have received their judgement for ever and ever.
Chapter 69
1 And after this judgement they shall terrify and make them to tremble because they have shown this to those who dwell on the earth. 2 And behold the names of those angels [and these are their names: the first of them is Samjaza, the second Artaqifa, and the third Armen, the fourth Kokabel, the fifth Turael, the sixth Rumjal, the seventh Danjal, the eighth Neqael, the ninth Baraqel, the tenth Azazel, the eleventh Armaros, the twelfth Batarjal, the thirteenth Busasejal, the fourteenth Hananel, the fifteenth Turel, and the sixteenth Simapesiel, the seventeenth Jetrel, the eighteenth Tumael, the nineteenth Turel, 3 the twentieth Rumael, the twenty-first Azazel. And these are the chiefs of their angels and their names, and their chief ones over hundreds and over fifties and over tens]. 4 The name of the first Jeqon: that is, the one who led astray [all] the sons of God, and brought them 5 down to the earth, and led them astray through the daughters of men. And the second was named Asbeel: he imparted to the holy sons of God evil counsel, and led them astray so that they defiled 6 their bodies with the daughters of men. And the third was named Gadreel: he it is who showed the children of men all the blows of death, and he led astray Eve, and showed [the weapons of death to the sons of men] the shield and the coat of mail, and the sword for battle, and all the weapons 7 of death to the children of men. And from his hand they have proceeded against those who dwell 8 on the earth from that day and for evermore. And the fourth was named Penemue: he taught the 9 children of men the bitter and the sweet, and he taught them all the secrets of their wisdom. And he instructed mankind in writing with ink and paper, and thereby many sinned from eternity to 10 eternity and until this day. For men were not created for such a purpose, to give confirmation 11 to their good faith with pen and ink. For men were created exactly like the angels, to the intent that they should continue pure and righteous, and death, which destroys everything, could not have taken hold of them, but through this their knowledge they are perishing, and through this power 12 it is consuming me. And the fifth was named Kasdeja: this is he who showed the children of men all the wicked smitings of spirits and demons, and the smitings of the embryo in the womb, that it may pass away, and [the smitings of the soul] the bites of the serpent, and the smitings 13 which befall through the noontide heat, the son of the serpent named Taba'et. And this is the task of Kasbeel, the chief of the oath which he showed to the holy ones when he dwelt high 4 above in glory, and its name is Biqa. This (angel) requested Michael to show him the hidden name, that he might enunciate it in the oath, so that those might quake before that name and oath who revealed all that was in secret to the children of men. And this is the power of this oath, for it is powerful and strong, and he placed this oath Akae in the hand of Michael.
Twenty leaders named. Azazel is number 21, the leader over all. Yahuwah will judge “Azazel and his associates” is obviously a reference to some great satanic being and his followers. How can statements such as these be associated with a dark place in the human mind? I am not arguing that a dark place does not exist in our minds, only that it was put there by Azazel, not Yahuwah..
Now, another argument of Harold’s is that we cannot believe in a corrupted Septuagint. The following tells us about the writing of the Septuagint.
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https://biblearchaeology.org/research/new-testament-era/4022-a-brief-history-of-the-septuagint
The Origins of the Septuagint
The very first translation of the Hebrew Bible was made into Greek, probably as early as the third century BC. This, the so-called Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, is traditionally dated to the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt (285-246 BC).
It is commonly called the 'Septuagint' version (from the Latin for 'seventy') because according to the traditional account of its origin, preserved in the so-called Letter of Aristeas, it had seventy-two translators. This letter tells how King Ptolemy II commissioned the royal librarian, Demetrius of Phaleron, to collect by purchase or by copying all the books in the world. He wrote a letter to Eleazar, the high priest at Jerusalem, requesting six elders of each tribe, in total seventy-two men, of exemplary life and learned in the Torah, to translate it into Greek.
On arrival at Alexandria, the translators were greeted by the king and given a sumptuous banquet. They were then closeted in a secluded house on the island of Pharos close to the seashore, where the celebrated 110 m. high lighthouse, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, had just been finished.
According to the Letter of Aristeas, the translation, made under the direction of Demetrius, was completed in seventy-two days. When the Alexandrian Jewish community assembled to hear a reading of the new version, the translators and Demetrius received lavish praise, and a curse was pronounced on anyone who should alter the text by addition, transposition or omission. The work was then read to the king who, according to the Letter of Aristeas, marveled at the mind of the lawgiver. The translators were then sent back to Jerusalem, endowed with gifts for themselves and the high priest Eleazar.
Later generations embellished the story. Philo of Alexandria, writing in the first century AD, says that each of the seventy-two translators were shut in a separate cell, and miraculously all the texts were said to agree exactly with one another, thus proving that their version was directly inspired by God.
So, 72 Hebrew scholars “of exemplary life and learned in the Torah” translated the Septuagint. And every precaution was taken in translating accurately.
Now, it has been my impression that, ever since the Babylonian captivity, the Jews have made a concentrated effort to “hide” Yahuwah from the world rather than declare Him to the rest of mankind, like they were originally mandated to do.
And, when the long awaited messiah arrived, they killed Him. And even in their Talmud the Jews describe Yahushua as a bastard child possessed of a devil. Obviously, the hypocrisy of the Jews has led them (and the rest of the world) in a direction away from Yahuwah and not towards Him. And, since their attitude has not changed in the last 2,000 years, I do not expect it to change anytime soon.
Scriptures dealing with Satan in the New Testament
Mt 4:10 - Then said Yahushua unto him, Get you away, Satan: for it is written, you shall worship Yahuwah your Elohim, and Him only shall you serve.
Harold’s interpretation of this passage is as follows:
The same is true of Yeshua's supposed encounter with an entity in the wilderness. Strangely, this Greek word, peirazo, translated as "the tempter" in Matthew 4:3. is the same Greek word used to describe the significance the actions of the Pharisees had on Yeshua in Matthew 16:1, Matthew 19:3, Matthew 22:18, which means "to try, make trial of, test: for the purpose of ascertaining his quality or how he will behave himself" - again, no distinctively separate entity. In each case, the temptation given Yeshua was the same as it is for any man - to follow his own will and determination instead of the Words of the Father (Hebrews 5:8).
From what I understand, Harold does not believe that Yahushua pre-existed His human birth and was 100% human, and like any other human, began His existence only when He exited Mary’s womb. I ‘m not sure if Harold is suggesting that Yahushua had a dark place in His mind (like all other humans or not, but if he is, I would call that blaspheme. The Books of Enoch clearly present a supernatural being of prominent authority under Yahuwah as the Elect one.
Enoch 46:1- And there I saw One who had a head of days, And His head was white like wool, And with Him was another being whose countenance had the appearance of a man, And his face was full of graciousness, like one of the holy angels.
Enoch 46:3 - Son of Man, who he was, and whence he was, (and) why he went with the Head of Days? And he answered and said unto me: This is the son of Man who hath righteousness, With whom dwelleth righteousness, And who revealeth all the treasures of that which is hidden, Because the Lord of Spirits hath chosen him, And whose lot hath the pre-eminence before the Lord of Spirits in uprightness forever.
Yahushua was not the only one to speak of His pre-existence. A number of the Apostles spoke of it too. However, that is a topic for another study.
Mt 12:26 - And if Satan cast out Satan, he is divided against himself; how shall then his kingdom stand?
The Pharisees accused Yahushua as belonging to HaSatan, or being HaSatan. At the same time they accused him of blaspheme. Meanwhile, they are calling the Son of Man a devil. What could be more blasphemous than that?
As far as this debate between the Pharisees and Yahushua, it seems clear that they believed HaSatan to be an actual living being. And, Yahushua did not rebuke them for that belief.
Lastly, Yahushua declares that HaSatan has a kingdom. A person who does not exist cannot have a kingdom.
Mr 1:13 - And he was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted of Satan; and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered unto him.
I suppose if HaSatan is the dark portion of our brain, the angels must be the enlightened portion. HaSatan is an angel. If one exists, so does the other. Evil is necessary only to define what is good. Adam and Eve (in the beginning) did not know evil. They were blissfully naïve and innocent until the serpent came alone. They would have remained so if not for the serpent. What does this say about being in such a state? It basically states that being in ignorance of HaSatan is a trap or a weakness. In not knowing his ways we are susceptible to deception. If HaSatan does not exist, who is it that is deceiving us? And, why would Yahushua point the finger of blame on some non-existent being? Why did He not explain that He was talking about the dark portion of His brain and not some rebellious angelic being? Why would Yahushua lie to us?
Lu 10:18 - And he said unto them, I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven.
How can the dark portion of our brain “fall from heaven”? I would call such assumption “hogwash”.
Lu 22:3 - Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve.
Of course, Satan did not physically enter Judas. It was his spirit, or attitude that entered Judas and led him to betray Yahushua unto death. But clearly, Judas was a victim of another (separate) entity.
Ac 5:3 - But Peter said, Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to Yahuwah’s righteous spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land?
We are not to lie to Yahuwah EVER! That is an absolute no, no. The righteous spirit of Yahuwah represents the presence of Yahuwah with us. We cannot separate one from the other. Therefore lying to his righteous spirit is every bit as condemning as lying directly to Yahuwah. However, Peter, obviously recognized a satanic being had put the notion in Ananias’ head.
Ac 26:18 - To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto Elohim, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me.
HaSatan is a powerful force in this creation. He rebelled against the Most High Elohim, thinking he could defeat Yahuwah and take over. Of course, Yahuwah allows him to exert his power over us to test and prove us. Like I asked previously, if we do not know what evil is, how can we resist it? And how can a being that does not exist possess any power at all.
1Co 5:5 - To deliver such a one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Yahushua.
HaSatan’s prime focus is on the destruction of the flesh. How can one be delivered to a non-existent being? How can a non-existent being be responsible for such destruction?
1Co 7:5 - Defraud you not one the other, except it be with consent for a time, that you may give yourselves to fasting and prayer; and come together again, that Satan tempt you not for your incontinency.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/incontinency?s=t
Incontinency
adjective
unable to restrain natural discharges or evacuations of urine or feces.
unable to contain or retain (usually followed by of): incontinent of temper.
lacking in moderation or self-control, especially of sexual desire.
unceasing or unrestrained:
For evil to exist, it had to have had a source. If that source is the human brain in its original form, then the only conclusion would be that Yahuwah is the source of evil. That is something I cannot accept. No, I believe that Adam and Eve were in full possession of minds that knew no evil until HaSatan revealed it to them.
2Co 2:11 - Lest Satan should get an advantage of us: for we are not ignorant of his
devices.
Knowledge is power! Whenever a nation goes to war, they send out their spies first to assess the situation. A professional fighter (boxer, wrestler, martial artist) usually studies his opponent beforehand. “Know thy enemy” is the is the catch phrase. We cannot know our enemy if we do not believe he exists. If we do not “know” our enemy, we are doomed to fall prey to his devices.
2Co 11:14 - And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.
Of course this never really happened literally. It was man who chose the adversary to be their elohim over Yahuwah. It was man who transformed him into an angel of light.
2Co 12:7 - And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure.
The adversary is never lax when it comes to running interference between Man and Yahuwah. Here Shaul claims to be “buffeted” by the adversary. He was referring to a physical ailment he had that Yahuwah determined not to heal him of.
1Th 2:18 - Wherefore we would have come unto you, even I Paul, once and again; but Satan hindered us.
Who was Shaul referring to? It appears that he was referring to an external force operating on them to hinder their work.
2Th 2:9 - Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders,
This verse is speaking of the Antichrist. Can a non-existent person possess all power, signs and lying wonders? If that person does not exist, neither does his devices. If he does not exist, how can anyone come after him or his workings? How can a non-existent person have any workings at all?
Re 2:9 - I know thy works, and tribulation, and poverty, (but thou art rich) and I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue ofSatan.
If the adversary does not exist, how can he have a synagogue? Let us remember that it is Yahushua who is addressing John in this book. It would certainly seem that Yahushua recognized the adversary as a spiritual being and not a dark spot in the human brain. Is Yahushua a liar? Is Yahushua promoting a “doctrine of demons”?
Re 2:13 - I know your works, and where you dwell, even where Satan’s seat is: and you hold fast my name, and have not denied my faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwells.
The adversary has a seat (throne). He has a place where he dwells. How can a non-existent person have either of these things?
Re 2:24 - But unto you I say, and unto the rest in Thyatira, as many as have not this doctrine, and which have not known the depths of Satan, as they speak; I will put upon you none other burden.
How can a non-existent person have any “depths”?
Re 3:9 - Behold, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie; behold, I will make them to come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you.
Can we identify the “synagogue of Satan” today? Of course we can. Every manmade religion on the face of the earth is of the synagogue of Satan. Even the Jews have corrupted their faith to the point that it is barely recognizable compared to the origin faith delivered to them.
Re 12:9 - And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceives the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.
Once again, can a non-existent person be cast out of anywhere? Yahushua Himself is speaking here and identifies the adversary as the serpent who tempter Eve. How can a non-existent person deceive anyone? Or, be cast into the earth or have a host of angelic followers?
And the other obvious question is Yahushua lying? If he was, He would not be in possession of eternal life today.
Re 20:7 - And when the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison,
Can a non-existent person be loosed from his prison, or even be placed in a prison? Is Yahushua a liar?
Conclusion
Well, I have examined both the English translations and the online Hebrew Interlinear, and have found Harold’s claims wanting. But then truth is whatever we wish it to be. As for Harold, if that is what he wishes to believe, it is no skin off my neck. That is between him and Yahuwah, the only righteous judge I recognize.
The day is coming when we will possess all of the knowledge of Yahuwah. Until that day we all are in the learning process. Not one of us is currently in possession of that knowledge at this point. And, we will undoubtedly be quite shocked by some of the things we learn when that day comes.
It has certainly been a most interesting time over the last 39 years since my conversion. I have learned many truths and expect to learn even more before I expire. What I have found is that the churches covet their own church doctrine over the word of Yahuwah. The Jews covet their Talmud (writings of the Rabbis) more than the word of Yahuwah. This is simply another case of man believing he knows more than Yahuwah. He twists and converts truth to lies to favour himself.
I do admit that when it comes to metaphors I have some difficulty distinguishing which is and which is not. I sometimes even think people make this distinction merely because they either disbelieve the scriptures or fail to understand them. Then again, it could be me that has it all wrong, in which case, I plan to continue studying and proving all things.
As for the Book of Enoch, which Harold dismisses as fictional and not existing until 200 years after the resurrection, the following website disputes his claim.
https://www.nairaland.com/1080843/book-enoch-jesus-quoted-it
Yahushua and the Apostles quoted from this book on numerous occasions. Most are rather vague quotes but the one in the book of Jude is definitely a direct quote. How could these individuals quote a book that was not written until 200 years following the resurrection?
I bear no ill will against Harold for his accusations. He was speaking what was in his heart and I cannot fault him for that. It is my sincere hope that we all have a good handle on the truth before we enter the grave. Yet, my personal feeling is that whatever knowledge we do gain in that time will only be a speck compared to Yahuwah’s knowledge. Let us not believe we already have it all. If we do, our desire to learn more will fade and disappear.
Yahuwah Bless
G.P.
Appendix
I added these verses in an appendix for further reading for any interested.
Scriptures dealing with the Devil.
Mt 4:1 Then was Yahushua led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil.
Mt 4:5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple,
Mt 4:8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them;
Mt 4:11 Then the devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels came and ministered unto him.
Mt 9:32 As they went out, behold, they brought to him a dumb man possessed with a devil.
Mt 9:33 And when the devil was cast out, the dumb spake: and the multitudes marvelled, saying, It was never so seen in Israel.
Mt 11:18 For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a devil.
Mt 12:22 Then was brought unto him one possessed with a devil, blind, and dumb: and he healed him, insomuch that the blind and dumb both spake and saw.
Mt 13:39 The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels.
Mt 15:22 And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.
Mt 17:18 And Yahushua rebuked the devil; and he departed out of him: and the child was cured from that very hour.
Mr 5:15 And they come to Yahushua, and see him that was possessed with the devil, and had the legion, sitting, and clothed, and in his right mind: and they were afraid.
Mr 5:16 And they that saw it told them how it befell to him that was possessed with the devil, and also concerning the swine.
Mr 5:18 And when he was come into the ship, he that had been possessed with the devil prayed him that he might be with him.
Mr 7:26 The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.
Mr 7:29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.
Mr 7:30 And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.
Lu 4:2 Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.
Lu 4:3 And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.
Lu 4:5 And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.
Lu 4:6 And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it.
Lu 4:13 And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.
Lu 4:33 And in the synagogue there was a man, which had a spirit of an unclean devil, and cried out with a loud voice,
Lu 4:35 And Yahushua rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, and hurt him not.
Lu 7:33 For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine; and ye say, He hath a devil.
Lu 8:12 Those by the way side are they that hear; then cometh the devil, and taketh away the word out of their hearts, lest they should believe and be saved.
Lu 8:29 (For he had commanded the unclean spirit to come out of the man. For oftentimes it had caught him: and he was kept bound with chains and in fetters; and he brake the bands, and was driven of the devil into the wilderness.)
Lu 9:42 And as he was yet a coming, the devil threw him down, and tare him. And Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the child, and delivered him again to his father.
Lu 11:14 And he was casting out a devil, and it was dumb. And it came to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; and the people wondered.
Joh 6:70 Yahushua answered them, Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil?
Joh 7:20 The people answered and said, Thou hast a devil: who goeth about to kill thee?
Joh 8:44 Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
Joh 8:48 Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil?
Joh 8:49 Yahushua answered, I have not a devil; but I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me.
Joh 8:52 Then said the Jews unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of death.
Joh 10:20 And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?
Joh 10:21 Others said, These are not the words of him that hath a devil. Can a devil open the eyes of the blind?
Joh 13:2 And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, to betray him;
Ac 10:38 How God anointed Yahushua of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him.
Ac 13:10 And said, O full of all subtilty and all mischief, thou child of the devil, thou enemy of all righteousness, wilt thou not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?
Eph 4:27 Neither give place to the devil.
Eph 6:11 Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil.
1Ti 3:6 Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil.
1Ti 3:7 Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.
2Ti 2:26 And that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will.
Heb 2:14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
Jas 4:7 Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
1Pe 5:8 Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:
1Jo 3:8 He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.
1Jo 3:10 In this the children of God are manifest, and the children of the devil: whosoever doeth not righteousness is not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother.
Jude 1:9 Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee.
Re 2:10 Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.
Re 12:9 And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.
Re 12:12 Therefore rejoice, ye heavens, and ye that dwell in them. Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth that he hath but a short time.
Re 20:2 And he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years,
Re 20:10 And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever.