Herring Family
Members of the Herring Family
Shad
Threats to Herring & Shad
Blocked Migratory Routes
Dams and weirs can prevent these fish from reaching their spawning grounds.
"Recent studies have shown that freshwater fish populations declined by 76% across the world from 1970 to 2016, with an average decline of 93% in Europe, in part due to weirs and dams that obstruct watercourses." - The Guardian: Unlocking A River
Organizations
Europe
OSPAR "is the mechanism by which 15 Governments & the EU cooperate to protect the marine environment of the North-East Atlantic.
OSPAR started in 1972 with the Oslo Convention against dumping and was broadened to cover land-based sources of marine pollution and the offshore industry by the Paris Convention of 1974. These two conventions were unified, up-dated and extended by the 1992 OSPAR Convention. The new annex on biodiversity and ecosystems was adopted in 1998 to cover non-polluting human activities that can adversely affect the sea.
The fifteen Governments are Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
OSPAR is so named because of the original Oslo and Paris Conventions ("OS" for Oslo and "PAR" for Paris)."