Tex-Mex food is a cooking style that emerged from the fusion of Mexican and Texan cuisines. It developed in the border regions of Texas and Mexico, particularly in the southwestern United States, where Mexican and American cultures blended to create a unique and flavorful cuisine. Tex-Mex food combines traditional Mexican ingredients and cooking techniques with American influences, resulting in a distinct and popular culinary tradition.

Tex-Mex dishes are known for their bold and robust flavors. They often incorporate a mix of spicy, savory, and tangy elements. Common ingredients include chili peppers, cumin, garlic, and onion, which contribute to the dishes' signature taste.

Tex-Mex cuisine features a variety of ingredients commonly found in both Mexican and American cuisines. These can include beef, pork, chicken, cheese, beans, rice, tortillas, and various types of peppers.

Tortillas are a staple in Tex-Mex cuisine and are used in a variety of ways, from wrapping tacos and enchiladas to making chips for nachos. Flour tortillas are often favored over corn tortillas in Tex-Mex cooking, which sets it apart from traditional Mexican cuisine.

Tacos are an essential Tex-Mex dish. They consist of fillings such as seasoned meat, beans, cheese, lettuce, and tomatoes, wrapped in tortillas. Hard-shell tacos, which are not as common in Mexico, are a hallmark of Tex-Mex cuisine.  

Fajitas are grilled and seasoned strips of meat (often beef or chicken) served with sautéed onions and bell peppers. They are usually accompanied by tortillas and various toppings, allowing diners to assemble their own tacos.  

Enchiladas are another iconic Tex-Mex dish. They typically consist of rolled tortillas filled with meat, cheese, or beans, then covered in chili sauce and baked. Enchiladas can be topped with additional cheese, sour cream, and chopped onions. 

Chili Con Carne is essentially a hearty chili made with chunks of meat, usually beef, and a mixture of chili peppers, tomatoes, beans, and spices. It's a cornerstone of Tex-Mex cuisine and is enjoyed on its own or as a topping for various dishes.

Nachos are a Tex-Mex creation that has gained worldwide popularity. They consist of tortilla chips covered with melted cheese and various toppings such as jalapeños, sour cream, guacamole, and salsa.

Tex-Mex meals are often accompanied by sides like Mexican rice, refried beans, and guacamole.

While Tex-Mex cuisine has its roots in Mexican cooking, it has evolved over time to cater to American tastes and preferences. As a result, Tex-Mex dishes might differ significantly from what is considered traditional Mexican food. Despite this, Tex-Mex cuisine has become an integral part of American culinary culture and is widely enjoyed across the United States and beyond.

Discussion Questions:

1. What is Tex-Mex food?

2. What are the common spice ingredients? What type of flavors do they create?

3. What are tortillas (pronounced tor-tee-yas) and how is it used in Tex-Mex food?

4. What are faijitas (pronounced fa-he-tas) and how is it eaten?

5. What are enchiladas (pronounced en-chee-la-thas)?

6. What are common sides for a Tex-Mex meal?

7. What's different between Tex-Mex and traditional Mexican food?