When you create a material schedule (Material Takeoff in Revit) there is a field called Material: As Paint.
This parameter is not editable in the schedule, and is not accessible via the Materials dialog.
When this parameter's value is Yes it means the material has been placed using the Paint command.
If you untick Itemize every instance in the schedule and a material's Material: As Paint parameter is blank that means it is both part of a construction AND has been used via the Paint tool.
If you tick Itemize every instance in the schedule, select a material with Material: As Paint set to yes, you can find where this has occurred by using the Highlight in Model button.
Which can be handy if you want to know where a material has been painted instead of modelled.