It is generally agreed that the Rain Tree (Samanea saman) originates from tropical America, specifically the regions from Central to North America and South America. However, the exact boundaries of its native range are somewhat blurred due to long-term human dispersal and cultivation. Since contact and exploration by Europeans (18th to 20th centuries) and through trade/colonial routes, S. saman was brought as a shade/ornamental/forage tree to many tropical regions worldwide (Southeast Asia, the Pacific West Indies, tropical Africa, Australia, Polynesia, and the Pacific Islands). Uses include: shading in coffee/cocoa plantations, silvopasture, timber, and urban ornamentation.

The biophysical limits for the Rain Tree's growth are: Altitude: 0–1,300 m, Average Annual Temperature: 20–35ºC, and Average Annual Rainfall: 600–3,000mm.

• The taproot is well-developed with strong lateral roots; in large trees, the root system can be extensive and spreading to support the broad canopy. The roots can adapt to dry soils up to saturated soils, but the tree grows well in tropical lowlands.

• Propagation is by seed and stem cuttings. It germinates quickly, with seedlings emerging within 4–10 days, and can reach a height of 1 m in 2 months.

• The growth of young plants is very rapid. Under good conditions, it can reach a height of 3 m within 12 months. The butterfly flowers bloom at the end of the year.

• It is carminative/relieves wind colic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, lowers blood glucose and cholesterol levels, and is a remedy for laxative use, diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, boils, infections, pain, jaundice, leprosy, hyperthyroidism, and coughs.

• Flowers: Astragalin, isoquercetin, quercetin, pelargonidin.

• Leaves: Alkaloids, tannins, quinones, polyphenolates, steroids, saponins, and flavonoids.

• Sap and Wood Bark: Tannic acid.