This plant originates from the foothills of the Himalayas in Northwest India, Arabia, Southeast Asia, and South America. It spread to East Africa and then developed in other tropical regions. Its leaves are edible as a vegetable.

The plant can be grown as a shade tree, a living fence, and a medicinal plant. Its bark produces fiber used to make ropes and small mats, and its seeds can be used to purify water.

It grows at altitudes of less than 600–1,000 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.) and thrives in tropical and subtropical regions with an annual rainfall between 250–3,000 mm/year and a temperature range of 25–48 ºC. It is drought-tolerant and can survive up to 6 months of dry conditions.

• The root is a taproot and is white in color.

• The stem is woody (lignosus), erect, dirty white in color, with a rough surface. Branching is sympodial; the branches grow upright or slanted, tending to be straight and elongated.

• The leaves are compound, with pinnate venation, long-stalked (petiolate), and alternately arranged.

• The flowers are compound (inflorescence), paniculate (in a panicle shape), located in the leaf axils, 10–30 cm long, with greensepals, small stamens and pistils, and white petals.

• The young fruit is green and turns brown when mature.

• The seeds are round and blackish-brown.

• Vegetative propagation involves using one-year-old tree stems with a large diameter. Vegetative propagation involves healthy, unwrinkled, or damaged seeds.. 

Antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor, antidiarrheal, anti-allergic (asthma), anemia, swollen glands, infected wounds, skin diseases, treating gout and snake bites.

• Ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolics, carotenoids, amino acids (amino acids in the form of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, lysine, arginine, venylalanine, tryptophan, cysteine ​​and methionine), phenol.