Sapodilla
(Manilkara Zapota (L.) P.Royen)
Sapodilla
(Manilkara Zapota (L.) P.Royen)
This plant originates from tropical America, specifically regions like Guatemala, Mexico, and the West Indies. Its distribution has spread from Mexico to the Philippines and likely spread from there throughout Southeast Asia. Collections of Sapodilla germplasm are found in Los Baños (Philippines), Queensland (Australia), India, Cuba, Brazil, Costa Rica, Florida, and Hawaii (USA).
It is widely cultivated in the lowlands up to an altitude of 2,500 m above sea level (m.a.s.l.), in climates ranging from wet to dry with annual rainfall between 1,250–2,500 mm/year. It can adapt to various temperatures between 22–32
∘
C, requires sufficient sunlight, and is tolerant of shade. It prefers sandy-loam soil, well-drained, with a pH of 6–7.
Stem (Batang) Rough texture, grayish to dark brown, containing latex sap.
Leaves (Daun) Simple (single), green color.
Flower (Bunga) Emerge in the leaf axils, hanging, brown and hairy on the outer surface. Each cluster has six segments (or parts).
Fruit (Buah) Ovate to elliptical shape. Young fruit has dark brown, scaly skin and resinous flesh (containing sap). Mature fruit is light brown with a smooth surface and light brown flesh.
Seed (Biji) Brownish-black, flat oblong shape, and shiny.
Propagation is done generatively (seeds) and vegetatively (stem or branch air layering).
Seeds: Seeds are washed clean, sun-dried for 12 hours, then stored for 2 weeks before sowing. Shoots will grow after approximately 2 weeks. Seedlings 4–6 months old can be transplanted to the field.
Air Layering (Cangkok): Select a branch 4–6 months old.
Harvesting of fruit generally occurs after the plant is 1–2 years old.
Facilitates digestion and treats constipation, treats canker sores (stomatitis), inflammation, diarrhea, maintains the immune system, boosts energy, supplies body fluid intake, anticancer, improves eye health, strengthens bones, and reduces the risk of blood vessel damage.
Tannins, flavonoids, folic acid, potassium, phosphorus, saponins, phenolic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, and flavanols.
Socfindo Conservation. 2021. Sawo Manila.. https://www.socfindoconservation.co.id/plant/275 (24-04-2023)