The shoe flower is believed to originate from East Africa. It is nicknamed the shoe flower because in ancient times people used it to polish shoes until they shone. It is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant and hedge plant. In Indonesia, this plant is used in traditional medicine.

The shoe flower is believed to originate from East Africa. It is nicknamed the shoe flower because in ancient times people used it to polish shoes until they shone. It is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant and hedge plant. In Indonesia, this plant is used in traditional medicine. 

• The taproot is light brown.

• The stem is round, woody, hard in structure, with many branches, ± 9 cm in diameter, purple when young and dirty white when old.

• Leaves are green, simple, arranged spirally (spread out), ovate with serrated edges, pointed tips, pinnate veins, and stipules.

• Flowers are solitary, emerging from leaf axils, consisting of five petals arranged in a trumpet shape. Petals are single or double.

• Seeds are small, brown to black, and hairy.

• Propagation through seeds, stem cuttings, and grafting.

• For grafting, choose a straight stem with a diameter of approximately 5 cm.

Diabetes mellitus medication, laxative, antihypertensive, anticancer, antidiarrheal, anti-infertility, kidney disorders, increases sexual desire, treats menstrual disorders, fever, heals wounds, fever, tuberculosis. 

Flavonoida, polifenol, antosianin, cyaniding-diglucoside, hibisetin, saponin, ca-oksalat, cardiac glycosides, taraxeryl acetate, peroxidase.