The pagoda flower originated in China and then spread throughout the world. It is commonly planted in gardens, roadsides, and yards as an ornamental plant. It is called the pagoda flower because of its unique, pagoda-like flower shape. Besides its beauty and ornamental value, the pagoda flower also offers health benefits.

It thrives near water sources, with ample sunlight and regular rainfall in areas with an altitude of 100-1,300 m above sea level. The soil required is moist, humus-rich, and well-drained.

• The taproot is reddish-brown with geotropism (growing into the soil).

• The stem is erect, rounded, slightly branched, blackish-white, and covered with fine hairs.

• The leaves are alternate, heart-shaped, with pointed edges, notched bases, curved veins, and rough surfaces.

• The flowers are compound, red, umbrella-shaped, located at the end of the stem on cylindrical stalks. The calyx is funnel-shaped.

• The fruit is round.

• The seeds are ovoid, with a net-grooved surface, and white.

• Generative propagation is by seed.

• Vegetative propagation is by grafting, 6-8 cm long stem cuttings, and separation of shoots.

Treats gout, treats bleeding hemorrhoids, treats wounds, diuretic, cures swelling, anti-inflammatory, destroys blood clots, treats insomnia.

Alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoid, zat samak, saponin, polifenol, syringaresinol, medioresinol, martinoside, cytocalasin, dehydrovomifoliol, butylitaconic acid, loliolide.