Landep is a plant from India, Sri Lanka, and Southern and Central Africa. Its distribution extends across all of Africa, Asia, India, Arabia, and Pakistan. This plant is often grown as an ornamental plant and a hedge plant. Furthermore, Landep is used in traditional medicine in Asia (especially India) and Africa. The plant extract can also be used as a cosmetic ingredient for hair and scalp health. The polyphenol content in Landep leaves is believed to be effective in killing the bacteria that cause toothache.

This plant can grow in scrub, forests, and roadsides at an altitude of up to 600 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.). It prefers conditions of full sun or partial shade, fertile, moist, and well-drained soil. The average annual rainfall is 500–900 mm/year.

• Root: Taproot, round, dirty brown color.

• Stem: Woody, grows upright, quadrangular shape, segmented (nodal), and thorny.

• Leaves: Simple (single), green, oval-shaped (ovate), opposite arrangement, stalk length of 1 cm, pinnate venation.

• Flower: Compound inflorescence in the leaf axils, solitary, 7 cm long, golden yellow color.

• Fruit: Capsule, oval-shaped (ovoid), flattened, hard, green color.

• Seed: Oval-shaped, flattened, brown color.

• Propagation: Done using seeds, as well as separating shoots and cuttings.

• Seed Handling: Take seeds that are completely mature, then sun-dry them until they are dry. Store them for a while, and they can be directly sown into the planting area.

Treats wounds, ringworm (kurap), white spots on the skin (panu), rheumatism, lumbago (lower back pain), headache, toothache, painful and bleeding gums, fever, stomach ache, watery swollen abdomen (perut busung air), difficulty urinating, scabies, worm infections, and spermatorrhea (semen valve leakage).

• Phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phytosterols, phenylethanoid glycoside (barlerinoside), iridoid glycosides (shanzhiside methyl ester, 6-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-8-O-acetylshazhiside methyl ester).