O'Neill Cylinders

Proposed by American physicist Gerard K. O'Neill in his 1976 book The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space. ... O'Neill cylinder (plural O'Neill cylinders).

The O'Neill cylinder (also called an O'Neill colony) is a space settlement design.

O'Neill proposed the colonization of space for the 21st century, using materials extracted from the Moon and later from asteroids.

An O'Neill cylinder would consist of two counter-rotating cylinders. The cylinders would rotate in opposite directions in order to cancel out any gyroscopic effects that would otherwise make it difficult to keep them aimed toward the Sun. Each would be 5 miles (8.0 km) in diameter and 20 miles (32 km) long, connected at each end by a rod via a bearing system. They would rotate so as to provide artificial gravity via centrifugal force on their inner surfaces.

Gerard K. O'Neill, The High Frontier

Gerard K. O'Neill, Roundtable 1975 interview

Jeff Bezos got most of his ideas for Blue Origin from the roundtable interview with Gerard O'Neill.