Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease, also called gum disease, is an infection and inflammation of the gums or bones. Its symptoms include loose teeth, bleeding gums, gum recession, and swelling. Periodontal diseases often happen because of poor brushing and flossing, but they can also happen because of genetics. Sadly, periodontal disease is common, and almost every adult has some degree of it, but that is all the more reason to be educated about it.

Periodontal disease causes many other problems in our bodies, even outside the mouth. Bacteria from tartar, which builds up on our teeth, release toxins. These toxins travel down our bloodstream and cause inflammation in our arteries. This can create a blockage and may lead to heart attacks. Periodontal disease can also make diabetes worse. It makes the body work harder, which causes a disorder in blood sugar levels. That’s not all; it also makes asthma and allergies worse. People with these conditions have weaker immune systems, which is why gum inflammation can cause asthma attacks. Of course, periodontal disease can also destroy our jawbones and cause tooth loss. 

There are four different stages of periodontal disease. The first stage is gingivitis, which is fixable with treatment. (The gingiva is the part of your gum around the base of your teeth.) The main cause of gingivitis is plaque, a sticky layer that forms on teeth. It is made up of bacteria from starches and sugar in food. Plaque hardens and turns into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist. The longer plaque and tartar stay on your teeth, the more they irritate the gingiva. Over time, this causes your gums to become swollen and bleed easily. Gingivitis leads to tooth decay, periodontitis, and tooth loss if not treated. 

The next stage is mild periodontitis. This happens when bacteria seep under your already irritated gums, affecting the bone and causing gum recession. 

The third stage is moderate periodontitis. Bacteria begin to wear away the soft tissue and bone that hold our teeth in place. This causes infection around your gum line and can also cause pain. 

The last stage is advanced periodontitis. This is the most severe stage of periodontal disease. During this stage, there is significant bone loss and potential tooth loss. 

But there is no need to be worried. Getting care from dentists who specialize in periodontal disease and maintaining proper dental hygiene can prevent periodontal disease.