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Simple machines make it easier to do mechanical work by providing mechanical advantage. Mechanical advantage is a mathematical calculation of how much easier a mechanical system make doing work. There are three kinds of advantages that simple machines can provide. They can produce a force multiplication (greater out force), produce a distance/speed multiplication (force applied over a greater distance) or simple change the direction of a force or motion.
Gears are a simple machine that involves two toothed wheels working together to transmit force and motion from one axle to the next. Gears can provide mechanical advantage (alter the relation between the speed of a driving mechanism, such as the engine of a vehicle or the crank of a bicycle, and the speed of the driven part like a wheel).
Mechanical Advantage of Gears = Output teeth / Input teeth = Driven Gear / Driver Gear
Mechanical Advantage (MA) is a numerical value that describe how many time more output force is available compared to the input force provided to the system. It also inversely states how much faster or slower the output axle moves compared to the input axle.
Gears are wheels & axles with toothed shape edges that allow them to mesh such that the teeth of one gear pushes the teeth of the other.
A gear train is a series of gears linked together to transmit force and motion.
Gears are named by what they are attached to and how they interact with other gears.
Driver Gear - (first gear) This is the gear that receives the input force from the axle it is attached to. It could be attached to the output shaft of a prime mover (motor) or other mechanical part.
Driven Gear - (last gear) This is the gear that is attached to the axle where the output force is applied. It could be on the axle of a wheel or other mechanical part.
Idler Gear - (middle gear) This is a gear that meshes with two other gears. The force and motion is transmitted through the gear. There is nothing else attached to the same axle with the idler gear that use or add force to the system. Idler gears do not change the mechanical advantage of gear train.
Compound Gear - (double gear) When two gears are attached to the same axle so that they both move at the same time together, it is called a compound gear. If both gear are the same size (same number of teeth) the it work like an idler gear and doesn't change the mechanical advantage of the gear train.
Idler Gear (B)
There are many types of gear that have been developed over several centuries.
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