Portugal
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Stats
Area
Government
Religion
Mission Tree
Playstyle
Iberia
Kingdom
Catholic
Exploration and Maritime Kingdom, excels into a global trade empire and into mid game has the possibility to become a Great Power, impacting the entire world.
Requirement
Difficulty (RP)
Difficulty (Start)
Importance
Special Rules
None
Medium
Easy
Medium
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Conquest of Ceuta
The year is 1415 and King John I of Portugal launches a surprise attack upon the Moroccan trading city of Ceuta. The well prepared assault on the city was a success and it was captured the same day. Ceuta was captured in 711 during the Arab conquest of North Africa and was used as a departure point in the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. The Portuguese retaking marks the beginning of the Portuguese Empire.
Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
The fourth child of King Dom John I of Portugal played a major role in Portuguese history. He was 21 years old when he and his brothers led by their father took the city of Ceuta, but it was in the following period that Henry began to explore the African coast. The newly invented caravel was a much faster ship compared to the more common cargo ships used by the Europeans.
The goal was to find source of the West African gold trade, to find the legendary Christian Kingdom of Prester John and stopping the pirate attacks on the Portuguese coast. He was governor of the Algrave province, the southernmost part of Portugal, a key position for his maritime projects.
Henry's explorations led to the discovery and colonization of Madeira and The Azores. His crew and cartographers drew detailed maps of the coasts all the way down to the Bay of Arguin in 1443. In the year of 1444, they prepare for an expedition to find more.
Prince Henry during the conquest of Ceuta, made in the famous azulejo ceramics.
John is the founder of the Aviz dynasty, he was the bastard son of King Peter I of Portugal. In Portugal is his epithet is 'The Good', while in Castile it was 'The Bad' or 'The Bastard'.
The Battle of Aljubarrota 1385
6.500 Portuguese wins against the superior force of 31.000 Castilian, including around 2.000 French heavily equipped knights.
This victory that ended the war once and for all.
The Wars between Portugal and Castile
Ferdinand I of House Burgundy inherits his fathers titles and becomes King of Portugal in 1367. He is married to Leonor Teles from House of Menezes, a noble line dominating rich lands in both Portugal and Castile. Ferdinand and Leonor has no male heirs and their daughter Beatriz is married to King John I of Castile.
Ferdinand of Portugal dies in 1383 and with no male heirs and the relationship between the two nations are dire, as the Fernandine Wars had just finished, a series of three wars were Ferdinand of Portugal tried to put the Crown of Castile in a personal union after the murder of King Peter of Castile in 1369. The wars were in 1369-70, 1372-73 and 1381-82.
Now the tables are turned, this time Portugal is without a male heir and the King of Castile wants to put Portugal under a personal union. What is known as the Portuguese interregnum of 1383-1385 begins.
The powerful nobles and bourgeoisie of Portugal worked together to establish a legitimate branch of the Burgundy dynasty, called the House of Aviz, through Ferdinand I of Portugal's bastard son, John. Portugal was supported by their allies in England, while Castile was supported by the Kingdom of France and the Crown of Aragon.
The Hundred Years War between France and England is at its peak in 1384, the new war between Portugal and Castile extended beyond the borders of France, forcing the Hundred Years War conflict into the Iberian Kingdoms through their support of both sides. The wars in Iberia lasts only two years, many things happen but to sum them up fast:
John I of Castile invades Portugal, The Aviz faction wins at the Battle of Atoleiros, but not decisively.
Lisbon is besieged by Castilian forces, the Portuguese ask the English for help.
A Portuguese fleet breaks the siege of Lisbon and the Castillian army retreats into their own territory.
English longbow men arrive and John is acclaimed King of Portugal.
Castile gathers their entire force with support of the French and Aragonese and invades Portugal again.
The Battle of Aljubarrota ends in major Portuguese victory.
Portuguese general Nuno Alvares Pereira stationed close to Badajoz and the Castilian border invades Castile with 3.000 men. After taking several undefended Castilian towns, several Castilian nobles and knights gather an army of 20.000 townspeople, farmers and untrained soldiers to stop General Pereira.
The Battle of Valverde ends in a Portuguese victory with massive losses for both General Pereira and the Castilian defense force.
Treaty of Windsor
The Treaty of Windsor is the diplomatic alliance signed between the Kingdoms of Portugal and England in 1386 at Windsor and sealed by the marriage of King John I of Portugal from House Aviz to Phillipa from House Lancaster. After the victory of Aljubarrota, John I was recognized as the undisputed King of Portugal, putting an end to the interregnum crisis of 1383-1385.
The original Treaty of Windsor
Portuguese Ideas
Traditions
+10% Infantry Combat Ability
+1 Fleet Movement Speed
Ambitions
+20% Global Tariffs
Ideas
Legacy of the Navigator
+10% Morale of Navies
+20% Colonial Range
Afonsine Ordinance
+10% Goods Produced Modifier
Feitorias
+10% Global Trade Power
Land Before Faith
+15 Global Settler Increase
Encourage the Bandeirantes
+15% Trade Efficiency
Royal Absolutism
+15% Construction Cost
+0.50 Yearly Absolutism
Royal Academy of Fortification, Artillery and Drawing
+10% Fort Defense
+1 Artillery Fire
Historical Mod
Traditions
Ambitions
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