Blackjack is the American variant of a globally popular banking game known as Twenty-One, whose relatives include Pontoon and Vingt-et-Un. It is a comparing card game between one or more players and a dealer, where each player in turn competes against the dealer. Players do not compete against each other. It is played with one or more decks of 52 cards, and is the most widely played casino banking game in the world. The objective of the game is to beat the dealer in one of the following ways:
Get 21 points on the player's first two cards (called a "blackjack" or "natural"), without a dealer blackjack;
Reach a final score higher than the dealer without exceeding 21; or
Let the dealer draw additional cards until their hand exceeds 21 ("busted").
Players are each dealt two cards, face up or down depending on the casino and the table at which they sit. In the U.S., the dealer is also dealt two cards, normally one up (exposed) and one down (hidden). In most other countries, the dealer receives one card face up. The value of cards two through ten is their pip value (2 through 10). Face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth ten. Aces can be worth one or eleven. A hand's value is the sum of the card values. Players are allowed to draw additional cards to improve their hands.
Once all the players have completed their hands, it is the dealer’s turn. The dealer hand will not be completed if all players have either busted or received blackjacks. The dealer then reveals the hidden card and must hit until the cards total 17 or more points.
Quantes cartes tenen un valor de 10 punts?
Quantes cartes tenen un valor d'11 punts?
Com es pot aconseguir un "Black Jack" amb les dues primeres cartes?
Quina creus que és la probabilitat d'aconseguir un Black Jack amb les dues primeres cartes?
Per descobrir-ho, utilitzarem la Llei dels Grans Nombres:
Feu grups (tants com baralles de cartes hi hagi).
Barregeu les cartes, i escolliu dues cartes a l'atzar.
Anoteu en un full si aquestes dues cartes formen un Black Jack, o no.
Torneu les cartes a la baralla i repetiu el procediment (barregeu, tragueu-ne dues i anoteu si formen Black Jack).
Torneu les cartes a la baralla i repetiu el procediment (barregeu, tragueu-ne dues i anoteu si formen Black Jack).
Torneu les cartes a la baralla i repetiu el procediment (barregeu, tragueu-ne dues i anoteu si formen Black Jack).
Torneu les cartes a la baralla i repetiu el procediment (barregeu, tragueu-ne dues i anoteu si formen Black Jack).
Torneu les cartes a la baralla i repetiu el procediment (barregeu, tragueu-ne dues i anoteu si formen Black Jack).
...
Uns minuts després, poseu en comú els resultats de tots els grups.
Quantes vegades (en total) heu fet l'extracció de dues cartes?
Quantes vegades (en total) s'ha obtingut Black Jack?
Quina és la probabilitat d'obtenir un Black Jack amb les dues primeres cartes?
(opcional) Comproveu el resultat fent un diagrama d'arbre amb les probabilitats corresponents.
Feu una reflexió final sobre els jocs d'apostes, les pèrdues de diners que comporta, les addiccions que pot generar i els problemes que se'n deriven.