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Дата публикации: Mar 06, 2016 5:56:50 PM
функция vs. инвентарь (Past Perfect Progressive)
Вопросы:
1. Что есть функция, а что инвентарь в математическом выражении 1+2=3?
2. Что есть функция, а что инвентарь в лингвистическом выражении She had been reading the book for two days?
3. Как выражены/актуализированы функция и инвентарь с точки зрения натуральной математики, т.е. когда ребенок или примитив-бушмен (= взрослый который не обучен даже азам математики) видят один предмет и неподалеку еще два предмета понимают, что предмета три, но не в терминах/понятиях академической математики?
4. Как выражены/актуализированы функция и инвентарь с точки зрения натуральной лингвистики, т.е. когда ребенок или примитив-бушмен (= взрослый, который не обучен даже азам лингвистики) воспринимают/являются участниками ситуации, которая описывается английским предложением: she had been reading the book for two days и русским: она уже читает книгу два дня и еще не закончила ее читать?
5. Когда натуральная математика/лингвистика/и т.п. становится академическими математикой/лингвистикой/и т.п., т.е. кодифицируются?
Примеры на перевод against Perfect:
Continuous Tense - Переосмысление
The time machine was standing (1) in a small wood, exactly where Cromer had planned. He could see the factory through the trees. There was the sign: Ford Motor Company. Cromer walked quickly towards it. Men were working in the factory (2).
Вопрос: В каком случае употребления Continuous Tense следует использовать прием целостного переосмысления, а в каком случае - частичного переосмысления? Дайте свои варианты переосмыслений.
Вопросы:
1. Почему в прямой речи или письме, идет речь о неких событиях в будущем с глаголом в форме Continuous?
2. Каков функциональный смысл Continuous?
3. Как изменится смысл фразы, если вместо Continuous употребить глаголы в Simple?
Примеры:
1) I’m attaching some information about the concert with this email so that you can see who is playing and we can get the tickets on the night.
2) Then, on top of that, there's a 3000-seater auditorium where some of the world's greatest players will be popping in to perform - now I mean how cool is that?
rains vs. be raining (Simple vs. Progressive)
Вопрос:
В чём смысловое отличие фраз:
1. It rains in summer.
2. It is raining in the summer.
?
Задание:
1) Переведите на английский язык.
1. Зимой идет снег, а летом идет дождь.
2. Не ходи на улицу - там идет дождь.
2) На рисунке изображено It rains или It is raining?
Задание:
Переведите предложения.
While (he was) reading he fell asleep.
He had an accident while (he was) coming here.
Finish the work while there is light.
Finish writing that story while you're still hot.
Passive Progressive (Once Upon A Time)
When I was walking along the street it was being washed. ← Когда я шел по улице, ее поливали.
1. Soon the new hand-clocks (or 'wrist-watches') were being made everywhere.
2. But now Harmonia itself was getting rich, and new factories were being built everywhere.
3. The new Harmonian clocks were being bought all over the world.
4. The clock-makers were still making a lot of clocks, but very few were being sold.
Вопрос: Как следует перевести выделенные глаголы на русский язык?
do you stay vs. are you staying (Simple vs. Progressive)
Вопрос:
Какая смысловая разница между:
Where are you staying there?
Where do you stay there?
?
feel vs. be feeling = Simple vs. Progressive
Вопрос:
Какая смысловая разница между:
I feel good. -:- I am feeling good.;
He wears a shirt. -:- He is wearing a shirt.
?
Present Participle Simple + Simple / Continuous / Perfect
Вопросы:
1. Какая смысловая разница между:
a)
1. I read the book drinking some tea.
2. Reading the book I drank some tea.
b)
1. Reading the book I drank some tea.
2. Reading the book I was drinking some tea.
3. Reading the book I had drunk some tea.
2. Почему первое предложение в группе b можно перевести отглагольным существительным с предлогом, а второе и третье нет?
Переведите:
Then the princess ran to the door and opened it, and there she saw the frog, whom she had quite forgotten. At this sight she was sadly frightened, and shutting the door as fast as she could, came back to her seat.
Past Continuous versus Past Perfect versus Past Simple
1. He threw the rug over the radiator of the car and walked up the path.
He had thrown the rug over the radiator of the car and was walking up the path.
2. She had bought her ticket and was moving away from the window.
She bought her ticket and moved away from the window.
3. When I entered the room they were talking and having tea.
When I entered the room they talked and had tea.
When I entered the room they had talked and were having tea.
4. When I arrived at the station, a train was leaving.
When I arrived at the station, a train left.
When I arrived at the station, the train had left.
5. He put out the light and tried to sleep.
He had put out the light and was trying to sleep.
6. They parked the car and walked along the wall.
They had parked the car and were walking along the wall.
They had parked the car and walked along the wall.
7. The rain stopped and John mowed the lawn.
The rain had stopped and John was mowing the lawn.
The rain was stopping and John was mowing the lawn.
8. He shaved and had a shower.
He had shaved and had had a shower.
He had shaved and was having a shower. He was shaving and having a shower.
from 'The Man Who Escaped' by Robert O'Neill
Ep.11
"How much farther is it to the nearest village?" Baxter asked. He and Halls were in the middle of the countryside. The night was very dark and there was no traffic on the roads. They could not see a house or even a public phone box anywhere.
"It must be on the other side of that hill" Halls answered.
"I hope so! We've been walking for twenty minutes now! When we started, you said it was only ten minutes away'" Baxter said angrily.
...
Ep.12 (Present Perfect)
...
"Is that you, Hugo? This is Eric," Masters said quickly.
The man at the other end became even angrier.
"And why are you ringing at this hour? I've been in bed for an hour!"
"But, haven't you heard the news, Hugo? Coke's still free!"
"Of course I've heard. So have my friends," the man answered coldly.
"I can't sleep. I've been thinking about Coke all evening!"
"Perhaps you'd better take a sleeping pill!"
Masters almost screamed the next question into the phone. "What are you going to do, Hugo? What are you going to do?" The man at the other end answered just as coldly and as calmly as before,
"Do? We're going to kill Coke! That's what we're going to do. That is, if he is stupid enough to come to London!"
...
Ep.13
"Come in, Ted. I've been expecting you," she said very softly. He walked towards her and stood in the open doorway.
...
Ep.18
Hugo has told Masters an old blind man and a girl have been looking or him.
Coke and Kate have found what they think is Masters' antique weapon shop.
...
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