IS. Checks (Modal verbs p.15)

Дата публикации: Jun 20, 2016 6:48:4 AM

Fill in the modal verbs that are missing from the text. (In some cases, more than one solution may be correct, but unfortunately we can only show one possibility per slot.)

can may can could should can may might will must must may can cannot can have to

What should non-football fans do on Superbowl Sunday?

some advice

Some football fans can't conceive of how people could possibly spend their time on Superbowl Sunday, not watching the Superbowl.

incredulity, doubts, astonishment + subjunctive

There are actually many ways to use this time that can be entertaining, fulfilling or simply good for the soul.

possibility

Since so many Americans will be near the TV on Superbowl Sunday, you can often find that places you frequent are less crowded.

FS (+volition) + possibility

Parking can be a breeze and driving a pleasure. Alternately, those with significant others that really want to watch the game, have a number of options.

possibility

Superbowl Sunday is a great time to visit certain places that tend to have high traffic.

For example, a fairly new movie is frequently pretty crowded on its first weekend.

Superbowl Sunday tends to take many folks away, so you can watch a movie in peace.

possibility

If you have children, and their father (or mother) will watch the TV on Superbowl Sunday, consider a newly released kid’s movie.

FS (+volition)

In the past few years, Superbowl Sunday commercials have become less family friendly, and young children should be better off away from the home.

some advice

Many women choose to have a girl’s day out on Superbowl Sunday.

They could have kids and hire a babysitter at a home that isn'’t having a Superbowl Sunday party.

possibility + subjunctive

They get out with girlfriends and enjoy a day of shopping, a few hours at a day spa, or a nice long lunch.

Malls which are typically crowded on a Sunday afternoon may be deserted.

Uncertainty, supposition implying doubt

Naturally, not all men love Superbowl Sunday, and not all women hate it.

Diehard football fans can come in both sexes.

possibility

Guys that hate Superbowl Sunday don’'t have to sulk.

a lack of obligation

Instead, they should fill their time pursuing their favorite hobbies, walking, cleaning the house, doing repairs, seeing movies, or going on a date.

some advice

Day spas are not just for women, and Superbowl Sunday can offer the perfect time to get that massage you’'ve been hankering after.

possibility

Orig

What Should Non-Football Fans do on Superbowl Sunday?

Some football fans can’t conceive of how people could possibly spend their time on Superbowl Sunday, not watching the Superbowl. There are actually many ways to use this time that can be entertaining, fulfilling or simply good for the soul. Since so many Americans must be near the TV on this day, you can often find that places you frequent are less crowded. Parking can be a breeze and driving a pleasure. Alternately, those with significant others that really want to watch the game, have a number of options.

Because of fewer crowds, Superbowl Sunday is a great time to visit certain places that tend to have high traffic. For example, a fairly new movie is frequently pretty crowded on its first weekend. This day tends to take many folks away, so you can watch a movie in peace. If you have children, and their father (or mother) must watch the TV on Superbowl Sunday, consider a newly released kid’s movie.

Many women choose to have a girl’s day out on Superbowl Sunday. They may have kids and hire a babysitter at a home that isn’t having a Superbowl party. They get out with girlfriends and enjoy the latest chick flick, a day of shopping, a few hours at a day spa, or a nice long lunch. Malls which may be typically crowded on a Sunday afternoon may be deserted.

Parks that are crowded are also good places to visit on Superbowl Sunday. If you’re looking for a nice quiet hike, or just more swing time for the kids, the hours the game plays during the Superbowl are great times to visit. It is usually quieter than normal, and those avoiding the Superbowl may meet to commiserate on what they view as mass hysteria.

Naturally, not all men love Superbowl Sunday, and not all women hate it. Diehard football fans can come in both sexes. Guys that hate it don’t have to sulk. Instead, they may fill their time pursuing their favorite hobbies, walking, cleaning the house, doing repairs, seeing movies, or going on a date. Day spas are not just for women, and this day can offer the perfect time to get that massage you’ve been hankering after.

If a couple doesn’t care for Superbowl Sunday, they might spend a long romantic day together. Couples can have an indoor day, renting movies, or an outdoor one, playing in the snow. Superbowl Sunday can also be a great day for a family or an individual to visit local zoos, aquariums, or museums that are open, or to sightsee in a nearby city.

bowl noun BrE /bəʊl/ ; NAmE /boʊl/

conceive verb BrE /kənˈsiːv/ ; NAmE /kənˈsiːv/

1. [transitive] (formal) to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine something

conceive something He conceived the idea of transforming the old power station into an arts centre.

conceive of something (as something) God is often conceived of as male.

conceive (that)… I cannot conceive (= I do not believe) (that) he would wish to harm us.

conceive what/how, etc… I cannot conceive what it must be like.

2. [intransitive, transitive] when a woman conceives or conceives a child, she becomes pregnant

She is unable to conceive.

conceive somebody` Their first child was conceived on their wedding night.

1) постигать, понимать

2) вбивать себе в голову

3) (conceive as) задумывать

4) испытать, ощутить, почувствовать

5) (conceive of) представлять, воображать

6) дать начало (чему-л.)

7) забеременеть, зачать

breeze

3) разг. лёгкая задача, пустяк

sulk verb BrE /sʌlk/ ; NAmE /sʌlk/

[intransitive] (disapproving) to look angry and refuse to speak or smile because you want people to know that you are upset about something

He went off to sulk in his room.

He was still sulking about the break-up of his band.

She sulked all the way to the theatre.

1. гл. дуться; пребывать в дурном настроении

2. сущ.; обычно the sulks дурное настроение, хандра

hankering noun BrE /ˈhæŋkərɪŋ/ ; NAmE /ˈhæŋkərɪŋ/

[usually singular] hankering (for/after something) | hankering (to do something) a strong desire

a hankering for a wealthy lifestyle

I’ve always had a hankering to go to China.

I Fill in the gaps with the modal verbs or their equivalents:

1. You should not be so careless with your things. Advice

You cannot be so careless with your things. Astonishment

You must not be so careless with your things. Prohibition

2. You ought not to tell Dad what I told you, Mother. Obligation

You are not to tell Dad what I told you, Mother. An arrangement or an order

3. … indignation against Martin ran high. No one would have anything to do with a traitor (предатель).

volition

4. It's all over the town, and can injure your reputation.

It's all over the town, and may injure your reputation.

It's all over the town, and will injure your reputation.

It's all over the town, and must injure your reputation.

5. We should have friends, Gretta — a lot of friends. There would be no time to worry about ourselves then.

We must have friends, Gretta — a lot of friends. There would be no time to worry about ourselves then.

6. "Oh Sue!" he cried, sitting down beside her and taking her hand. "How is this! You couldn't write?" "No, it wasn't that" she answered. "I did catch a bad cold — but I could have written. Only I won't" (contracted)

7. She was always well-dressed and carried herself with an inimitable air that must have been born in her. It could never have been acquired.

8. Wolff said, "Go and order your men to drop their arms. They have to leave the hotel singly and with upraised hands."

9. There are some houses somewhere. We'll ask, they could have seen him. Possibility

There are some houses somewhere. We'll ask, they may have seen him. Uncertainty, supposition implying doubt

There are some houses somewhere. We'll ask, they must have seen him. Probability or supposition

10. "Well, Annie," he said. "I gave Trask a dollar for his trouble." "You should not have done that, Father' Mrs. Smith said. "After all, we do pay him to watch the house." Obligation was not carried out

"Well, Annie," he said. "I gave Trask a dollar for his trouble." "You cannot have done that, Father' Mrs. Smith said. "After all, we do pay him to watch the house." Astonishment

11. On the inland side, hills are/were to be seen, spotted with olive trees... Possibility

12. "Can I ask," he said..., "what it is that is bothering you, my dear?"

Что тебя беспокоит, моя дорогая? спросил он.

" Shall I ask," he said..., "what it is that is bothering you, my dear?"(Carter)

А давай-ка я спрошу, сказал он, что это тебя беспокоит, дорогуша?

In questions ‘shall’ is used to inquire about something (mostly for the first and the third person):

"Should I ask," he said..., "what it is that is bothering you, my dear?"

Я наверно должен спросить, сказал он, что это тебя беспокоит, моя дорогая?

Obligation

"Could I ask," he said..., "what it is that is bothering you, my dear?"

Могу я спросить, сказал он, что это тебя беспокоит, моя дорогая?

Polite request

"May I ask," he said..., "what it is that is bothering you, my dear?"

Могу я спросить, сказал он, что это тебя беспокоит, моя дорогая?

Permission

13. "I could be out again directly," he said to the driver, or I could be kept some time."

Я возможно вернусь через минуту, сказал он водителю, но могу и задержаться

Possibility

"I may be out again directly," he said to the driver, or I may be kept some time."

Я или прямо сейчас вернусь, сказал он водителю, или задержусь

Uncertainty, supposition implying doubt

14. You didn't have to stay out so late: it makes you fit for nothing, (contracted)

Вы не обязаны оставаться на улице так поздно, это никуда не годится

a lack of obligation

You aren't to stay out so late: it makes you fit for nothing, (contracted)

Вы не должны оставаться на улице так поздно, это никуда не годится

An order which is the result of arrangement made by one person to another

II Rewrite the sentences using the appropriate modal verbs:

1. It is not necessary to buy a ticket.

You needn't buy a ticket

2. I advised him to be more careful.

You should be more careful

3. I think this is John’s car.

It must be John's car

4. I do not think he is his brother.

He cannot be his brother

He couldn't be his brother

5. He could not swim when he was 5.

He was not able to swim when he was 5.

6. It is possible that he will win the race.

He may win the race

He could win the race

7. I wonder how he had courage to address me after all.

How dare he address me after all?

8. I will ask her if I need to repeat my words.

Need I repeat my words?

Shall I repeat my words?

9. I am asking myself on what I will be doing next.

What am I to do next?

10. She strictly ordered me to go to my room.

You are to go to your room

You must go to your room

11. I asked them if they had any idea about the place to look for you.

May you have an idea about the place to look for him?

Could you have an idea about the place to look for him?

12. It was a polite request regarding a cup of strong tea.

I would like a cup of strong tea

May I have a cup of tea, please?

Could I have a cup of tea, please?

Could I trouble you for a cup of tea?

13. It was a supposition about my ignorance of the password.

You must have forgotten the password

You cannot have forgotten the password

14. It was some doubt about her forthcoming arrival.

She may arrive soon

She could arrive soon

III Translate into Russian using modal verbs and their equivalents.

1. Концерт должен был быть пятого февраля, но его пришлось отложить из-за болезни дирижера (conductor).

The concert had been to take place on February 5th but they had to postpone it because of the conductor's illness.

The concert was to have taken place on February 5th but they had to postpone it because of the conductor's illness.

to be to have + 3form - что-то что планировалось, но не получилось

2. Петя узнал об этом до дня концерта, но не смог сообщить своему приятелю, так как у того был отключен телефон.

Peter knew that before February 5th but he was unable to let his friend know about that because the friend's telephone was switched off.

Peter had known that before February 5th but he was unable to let his friend know about that because the friend's telephone was switched off.

3. Коля очень рассердился на него. «Ты должен был сказать мне, не мог же ты быть так занят, чтобы не зайти ко мне или позвонить», — сказал он, когда они увиделись.

Nick got angry at Peter. You might have told me. Couldn't you have been so busy that you didn't come to or call me? - he said when they saw each other.

4. Петя объяснил, что как раз в тот день заболела его сестра и он должен был за ней ухаживать.

Peter told Nick that on that day his sister got sick and he had to nurse her.

5. Но его приятель и слушать не хотел его объяснений.

But Nick wouldn't listen to Peter's explanation

6. «Ты мог бы найти способ дать мне знать, если бы захотел», — упрямо повторял он, хотя Петя продолжал оправдываться, говоря, что никого не было дома и он не осмелился уйти, так как боялся, что сестре может что-нибудь понадобиться во время его отсутствия.

You might have found the way to let me know if you had wanted that - Nick was stubbornly repeating though Peter was making excuses to him telling he didn't dare to go away because he was afraid that nobody could help his sister if she would need something.

You might have found the way to let me know if you had wanted that - Nick would repeat though Peter was making excuses to him saying he didn't dare to go away because he was afraid that nobody could help his sister if she would need something.

would repeat - volition + insistence