IS. Past Simple vs. Past Perfect

Дата публикации: Sep 30, 2015 12:2:59 PM

Exercise 12. Insert the Past Simple or Past Perfect.

1. Gemma had slept badly the last few nights, and there were dark shadows under her eyes, (to sleep) (Voynich)

2. When he returned to his hotel he found a message that someone had telephoned in his absence... (to telephone) (Hilton)

3. The Gadfly paused for a moment, glancing furtively at Gemma; then he went on (to pause, to go on). (Voynich)

furtively adverb BrE /ˈfɜːtɪvli/ ; NAmE /ˈfɜːrtɪvli/ - in a way that shows that you want to keep something secret and do not want to be noticed (украдкой, тайно)

He glanced furtively around.

4. They passed the door of their inn, and walked a little way down the village, before they recollected the precise spot in which it stood, (to pass, to walk, to recollect) (Dickens)

They had passed the door of their inn, and had walked a little way down the village, before they recollected the precise spot in which it stood

recise adjective BrE /prɪˈsaɪs/ ; NAmE /prɪˈsaɪs/

1. clear and accurate

synonym exact

precise details/instructions/measurements

Can you give a more precise definition of the word?

I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.

2. [only before noun] used to emphasize that something happens at a particular time or in a particular way

We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.

Doctors found it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness.

3. taking care to be exact and accurate, especially about small details

synonym meticulous

a skilled and precise worker

small, precise movements

(disapproving) She's rather prim and precise.

1) а) точный; определённый б) членораздельный, отчётливый, чёткий, ясный (о речи, звуке, голосе)

2) а) аккуратный, педантичный, щепетильный б) строгий, пуританский

prim adjective BrE /prɪm/ ; NAmE /prɪm/ (primmer, primmest)(disapproving)

1. (of a person) always behaving in a careful and formal way, and easily shocked by anything that is rude

You can't tell her that joke—she's much too prim and proper.

2. formal and neat

synonym demure

a prim suit with a high-necked collar

5. The moon didn't rise.There was nothing to dispel the dark of the night, (to rise — negative) (Abrahams)

The moon had not risen.There was nothing to dispel the dark of the night

dispel verb BrE /dɪˈspel/ ; NAmE /dɪˈspel/ - dispel something to make something, especially a feeling or belief, go away or disappear - разгонять; рассеивать

His speech dispelled any fears about his health.

6. Hardly had she sat down when a very stout gentleman flopped into the chair opposite hers, (to sit down, to flop) (Mansfield)

flop verb BrE /flɒp/ ; NAmE /flɑːp/ intransitive] flop into/on something flop (down/back) to sit or lie down in a heavy and sudden way because you are very tired

Exhausted, he flopped down into a chair.

7. They did not speak to him again, until he had eaten (to eat) (Greene)

ср. they don't speak to him until he has eaten???

time clause in the past

8. Now the madman on the stairs spoke again and his mood had suddenly changed ; he seemed quietly merry, (to change) (Priestley)

9. When Martini entered the room, the Gadfly turned his head round quickly, (to enter) (Voynich)

10. No sooner had he taken a drink himself, than Mrs. Fettle looked in. (to take, to look) (Lessing)

11. Those grey hairs startled me. I didn't know they were there, (to know — negative) (Cain)

Those grey hairs startled me. I hadn't known they were there

12. Gemma pulled away her hand and ran into the house. When the door closed behind her he stooped and picked up the spray of cypress which had fallen from her breast, (to pull away, to run, to close, to stoop, to pick up, to fall). (Voynich)

stoop verb BrE /stuːp/ ; NAmE /stuːp/

[intransitive] stoop (down) to bend your body forwards and downwards

She stooped down to pick up the child.

The doorway was so low that he had to stoop.

He tends to stoop because he’s so tall.

[intransitive] to stand or walk with your head and shoulders bent forwards

He tends to stoop because he's so tall.

1. гл.

1) а) наклонять, нагибать б) = stoop down наклоняться, нагибаться; склоняться

2) сутулиться; горбиться; ходить с опущенной головой

3) (stoop to) уступать, поддаваться; покоряться

4) а) опускаться, деградировать б) (stoop to) унижаться; снисходить до (чего-л.)

5) = stoop down устремляться вниз

spray [countable] a small branch of a tree or plant, with its leaves and flowers or berries, that you use for decoration

synonym sprig

cypress noun BrE /ˈsaɪprəs/ ; NAmE /ˈsaɪprəs/ - a tall straight evergreen tree - кипарис

a backdrop of olive and cypress trees

13. The fire was dead, the moon went down, and the window was grey before I went to sleep, (to be, to go, to be). (Cain)

The fire had been dead, the moon had gone down, and the window had been grey before I went to sleep

14. I told him everything. He stood and listened, like a figure cut in stone, till I had finished (to stand, to listen, to finish) (Voynich)

time clause in the past

15. When I reached Viste Grande towards dusk I found two notes awaiting me... (to reach) (Hilton)

16. He had hardly lighted another cigarette when the general came into the courtyard, (to light, to come). (Maugham)

17. Gemma went slowly down the stairs, Martini following in silence. She had grown to look ten years older in these few days, and the gray streak across her hair had widened into a broad band,

(to grow, to widen) (Voynich)

streak noun BrE /striːk/ ; NAmE /striːk/

1. a long thin mark or line that is a different colour from the surface it is on

There was a streak of blood on his face.

streaks of grey in her hair

dirty streaks on the window

streaks of sunlight

2. a part of a person’s character, especially an unpleasant part

a ruthless/vicious/mean streak

a streak of cruelty

3. a series of successes or failures, especially in a sport or in gambling

a streak of good luck

to hit (= have) a winning streak

to be on a winning/losing streak

a lucky/unlucky streak

widen verb BrE /ˈwaɪdn/ ; NAmE /ˈwaɪdn/

1. [intransitive, transitive] to become wider; to make something wider

Her eyes widened in surprise.

widen into something Here the stream widens into a river.

widen something They may have to widen the road to cope with the increase in traffic.

2. [intransitive, transitive] to become larger in degree or range; to make something larger in degree or range

the widening gap between rich and poor

widen something We plan to widen the scope of our existing activities by offering more language courses.

The legislation will be widened to include all firearms.

18. Presently the sounds of voices and footsteps approaching along the terrace roused her from the dreamy state into which she had fallen (to fall) (Voynich)

terrace noun BrE /ˈterəs/ ; NAmE /ˈterəs

rouse verb BrE /raʊz/ ; NAmE /raʊz/

1. (formal) to wake somebody up, especially when they are sleeping deeply

rouse somebody from sleep/bed The telephone roused me from my sleep at 6 a.m.

He came to the door, evidently just roused from his bed.

rouse somebody Nicky roused her with a gentle nudge.

2. to make somebody want to start doing something when they were not active or interested in doing it

rouse somebody/yourself (to something) A lot of people were roused to action by the appeal.

rouse somebody/yourself to do something Richard couldn't rouse himself to say anything in reply.

3. rouse something (formal) to make somebody feel a particular emotion

to rouse somebody’s anger

What roused your suspicions (= what made you suspicious)?

4. [usually passive] rouse somebody to make somebody angry, excited or full of emotion

Chris is not easily roused.

When roused, he has a cruel tongue.