Canyon Road Segment

Lancaster's Maryhill Road

US 97

1911 - 1962

Hill and Lancaster's experimental Canyon Road (Old US 97) looking northbound above Maryhill (Columbus), Washington

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

"Lower" Loops Road (Canyon Road / Old US 97)

v.2022.008_Historic-HighwaysGoogle Earth Imagery Date: September 28, 2020

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Open Street Map

A. F. Litt, June 7, 2022

Contrary to some other sources, this road remained as the alignment of US 97 until the 1962 opening of the Sam Hill Memorial Bridge. One of the biggest smoking guns is the pamphlet below, published by the Highway 97 Ferry Company in 1961, and there is also a photo from WSDOT showing the construction of the modern grade, bypassing Canyon Road, at the same time as the construction of the bridge in the October 1962 edition of Washington Highway News.

Until I figured out the dates on this, I'd wondered why the road was not repaired, and I even wondered if Stonehenge Drive, the "Upper Road," replaced it for a bit as the US 97 alignment, but by the time the washout occurred, the Christmas storm of 1964, it seems, that wiped out so much in the Gorge, this road was already bypassed and obsolete.

Highway 97 Ferry Pamphlet, 1961


Highway 97 Ferry Co., Maryhill, Wa.Yakima Valley Libraries, Relander Collection, Ephemerahttps://archives.yvl.org/handle/20.500.11867/14723 (Record)https://archives.yvl.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11867/14723/EPM-067-05-004.PDF (PDF)

A. F. Litt, June 7, 2022

One of the suprising things about this road to me is, from what I've read in comments on some of the historical photos, is that a lot of locals, who know the area very well, do not even know it is there until it is pointed out to them. It is very hard to see the old highway until you are actually on it.

In the photo below, many folks assumed this was the junction between Stonehenge Drive and Cemetary Road, not realizing that the old Lancaster Road (Old 97) was even there. As you can see from the photos, the lower end does try to hide, and the upper end really doesn't reveal itself until you park, get out of the car, and look down the canyon.

I'll admit to the fault myself... Until Scott Cook described the location to me, I had no idea this road existed even though I'd been to Stonehenge many times before...

If you look closely at the right side of the photo below, you can see that the western road from the junction curves around and that this photo is actually taken from the shoulder of Stonehenge Drive, the Upper Road. Comparing this to the maps proves that this is the junction of Stonehenge Drive and Old US 97. Cemetary Road branches off of Stonehenge about where this photograph was shot from.

"This Alva Day view of Maryhill is from December, 1939. It seems so peaceful."

Maryhill, 1939


Posted by Historic Hood River June 11, 2019http://historichoodriver.com/index.php?showimage=2156

Historic Hood River: Maryhill, 1939

Comment by Charlott, June 11, 2019

Down by the river is Columbus (now referred to as Maryhill). In 1939 still quite a bit left of the community, unlike today. You can see the little Advent church built in 1884. My great-great grandmother's brother was in on the very first rung of creating that church denomination way back in the 1800s. His name was Jonas Wendell.

Way down there off to the right of that church you can see what I think might be the Methodist church and further down river is the school. I don't know when the school was no longer used and all went to Goldendale...

But the WOW is:

Just barely to the left of that tree on the corner you can make out a house and another building. My great-great grandparents James Augustus Berrian and Imilda Leona Wendell built that house with the $100 she earned teaching school. The house was built in 1880 or before. The other building is either their barn or the cabin on the 5 acres that they gave their daughter Ada and new son-in-law Lucius Clark.

To my knowledge this is only the second photo that I know of of that house. The other is up close.


http://historichoodriver.com/index.php?showimage=2156 (Accessed: June 7, 2022)

Lancaster's Road (Old US 97) being used as a driveway, the original alignment is hidden behind the tree

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

A sliver of old Canyon Road pavement merging into Stonehenge Drive at the junction

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022
Lower end of Hill and Lancaster's abandoned Canyon Road (Old US 97)
Lancaster's Maryhill Loops. Washington. August 10, 2015.Copyright © 2015 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Old 97 leaving the driveway, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Centerstripe, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Original dry masonry retaining wall from Ritter Road (campground)

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Pavement into the weeds

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Highway through the weeds

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Dry masonry wall supporting the highway

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Flowers and centerstripe, southbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Northbound on Lancaster's Road, Old 97

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Original guard rocks, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Guard rocks above Maryhill (Columbus), Washington


Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Italian stonemasons' wall
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Flowers on the road, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

The rock formation past the small curve in Lancaster's photo (below), southbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

"While this image is in a 1912 book of photogravures by Benjamin Gifford, note the copyright to Samuel Lancaster. Lancaster experimented building this road at Maryhill for Sam Hill before they embarked on the Columbia River Highway."

Roadbuilding at Maryhill


Posted by Historic Hood River August 2, 2018http://historichoodriver.com/index.php?showimage=1939

Approaching the smaller washout (approximately across the road from the Lancaster photo's location)


Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Historic Hood River: Roadbuilding at Maryhill

Comment by Charlott, August 2, 2018

That white building down there with the 6 windows is the school house and the road through old Columbus went between it and the darker buildings on the right. The main part of town is obscured by the big poplar trees in the bottom left. The area where the trees are along the river was at one time owned by the Wren's (relatives of mine).

Good example of what the river looked like prior to dams. Lots of good farm land was wiped out.

Comment by Arthur, August 3, 2018

ODOT's historian [Robert Hadlow] sent me some additional detail to help explain the context of this photo:

The road shown in the photo was the bottom end of the Canyon Road, which started at the old Maryhill town site (Stonehenge), went down a canyon and then curved around to the west where the man is seated on the rock wall and farther west down to the lower town site of Columbus. It was the main route between the railroad depot and the Maryhill town site.

Samuel Lancaster built Canyon Road in 1911-12 as an experimental road for Hill. It had grade and curve restrictions, masonry walls, and durable asphaltic-concrete pavement. During a flood event in 1964, water raced down the canyon of Canyon Road and blew out the corner as the road curved to the west. You can see the damage on Google Earth...

The Upper Road [Stonehenge Drive] is the one that we now take to get from Stonehenge to get to the lower town site. It is steeper and older than the Canyon Road. However, Lancaster used it for pavement experiments.

Comment by Scott Cook, August 6, 2018

This road still exists for the most part... I've given many tours here for Friends of the Gorge groups. The masonry walls and the boulder guard rails, amazingly, still exist. Like Hadlow commented to Arthur, the Xmas flood of 1964 did wash out this particular curve, but I've still been able to do a then/now photo match-up. To see for yourself, either look at Google Earth... or drive a bit above Stonehenge and look for the defunct top of this road adjacent to a lone house. A quick east walk yields views of Lancaster's artistry... then the going gets tougher where the flood washed away the road... but good stuff is preserved below the wash out.


http://historichoodriver.com/index.php?showimage=1939 (Accessed: June 7, 2022)

Sandbar in the road

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022
On the road at the sandbar, southbound
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Washout from below, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

The small, partial washout on the Lancaster photo curve to the left, the large, devestating roadkiller center...

Google Earth Imagery Date: August 19, 2011
How the road died, southbound
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Broken pavement
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Hill and Lancaster's old road, southbound
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
West side of road washing out, northbound
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Toward the final washout, southbound
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Guard rocks
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Almost half gone...
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Lines and flowers
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
On Lancaster's Road
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved
Italian stonework on Hill and Lancaster's road
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Deeper into trouble...

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

"The Maryhill Grade is not to be confused with the Maryhill Loops. It is an older section of road that led from the Maryhill ferry, past the Maryhill Cemetery and the site of the future Stonehenge to what became the base of the Maryhill Loops. The grade followed a steep canyon that gave Klickitat Valley farmers a route for hauling their wheat to the riverbank. There, it was either loaded directly on boats destined for Portland or ferried across the river to Grants, OR, for shipment by train. The grade's improvement was paid entirely by Hill himself. He also recommended Bowlby for the position of Washington State Highway Engineer and, later credited him with locating and constructing the Mitchell Point tunnel on the Columbia Gorge Highway."

Major Henry Bowlby and Sam Hill sitting at the Maryhill Grade, Klickitat County, Washington, 1908


Washington Rural Heritage, Resource kchs0064Contributing institution: Klickitat County Historical Society, Presby Museumhttps://www.washingtonruralheritage.org/digital/collection/klickitat/id/66
Lancaster's Maryhill Road
Friends of the Columbia Gorge - Curious Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour 2014. April 27, 2014Copyright © 2014 A. F. Litt, All Rights Reserved

Top of the road, southbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Top of the road, northbound

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Old Wye Junction between canyon road (Old US 97) and Stonehenge Drive, to Sam Hill's Townsite

v.2022.008_Historic-HighwaysGoogle Earth Imagery Date: September 28, 2020

Stonehenge Drive to Loops Road (Old US 97)

v.2022.008_Historic-HighwaysGoogle Earth Imagery Date: September 28, 2020

A faint trace of the original alignment (on the left) at the juction of Stonehenge Drive and SR 14

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Possibly a decomposing dry masonry wall at the junction of Stonehenge Drive (Lancaster's Road/Old 97) and SR 14

Photo by A. F. Litt, June 2, 2022

Old US 97 pavement at the Maryhill Loops Road junction with SR 14

Google Earth Imagery Date: September 28, 2020

Photo Currently Unavailable

Lancaster's Maryhill Road2014 Friends of the Columbia River Gorge Histories and Mysteries Tour Packet assembled by Scott Cook.

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