CPE 5 Test 3 
Extract 1
    Two spacecraft were launched in 1977. On each is a Golden Disc containing information such that, should it ever fall into the tentacles of advanced space-faring civilisations, they'll know something about us and the little rock we live on. On it can be found readings in many human languages, and also music. It seemed appropriate to say something about who we are, what our feelings and aspirations are, and this is conveyed by no more satisfactory means than music. Is it possible that the soaring emotions which so many of the pieces represent will be entirely a mystery to them? Would they find it totally incomprehensible, strangely beautiful, immediately understandable?     What other life forms make of these strange noises is anybody's guess, but in the meantime the spacecraft are heading outwards carrying out their number-one function of sending back data about the nature of the space between the stars. The clock is ticking and their power source will not last forever. But even when their instruments are dead, they will continue to take our humanity into remote space for eternity in the hope that we're not alone.
Extract 2
    At the outset, I should point out two things about my recent research paper on the subject. Firstly, you will often find philosophical ideas applied to, or tested by, the concrete experience of individuals. For this I make no apology; an idea has to bear the weight of concrete experience or else it becomes a mere abstraction. Secondly, I've disguised individual identities rather more heavily than one would when reporting formal interviews; this has meant changing places and times and occasionally compounding several voices into one or splitting one voice into many. These disguises put demands on the reader's trust, but I am not, in any case, looking for the type of trust a novelist would seek to earn through a well-made narrative, that sort of coherence is lacking in real lives. My hope is that I have accurately reflected the sense of what I've heard, if not precisely its circumstances.
Extract 3
    New technology must have offered enormous potential over the last decade in your work as a TV journalist, hasn't it? We've got user-friendly video tape now, so you simply put in a cassette and filmwhatever you want. You come back, put it into another machine and edit. So that means you must rush things just to get something out on air without having considered its true worth. That issue comes up waybefore that; when you decide what to shoot and what to ignore. If you're lucky, you have the luxury of choice, but there are thin days with very little action. But how do you know how what you film will fit into the news context of any given day? You don't when you're out there on the street. You just have to go with your gut reactions. And it's surprising how much good news doesn't appeal to the eye. The result must be disjointed in the context of the whole news programme that we the public later see. That's the skill and experience of the editor; not to let you see the joins or perhaps I should say the cracks!
Extract 4
    One of the things I'm trying to do here is actually to unwrite my own writing, re-imagine the writing, destroy it, rough it up. When we began editing the film, we assembled it in story and scene order, andthat ran at about 4 hours 35 minutes, which is a bit long for even the most generous audience. So obviously our aim is to try and bring the film down to a pleasurable length without damaging it. It's ratherlike when you're remodelling or renovating a house. Necessarily, in order to make sense of the film, we've had to smash through walls, we've had to rearrange the original architecture, and that makes anenormous mess. So what were sometimes quite elegant transitions, where the grammar of the film was perfectly easy to follow, all that's been destroyed by this process of 'how can we shorten this film sensibly?' It's interesting work, but in the process there's dust everywhere, there are cracks, there's a lot of residual destructive elements to be tidied up. We're still reducing the film, but now we can plan thedecorating.
Part 2
    Good evening. I've come here to talk to you about the buildings I design and build, using what some people view as a somewhat unlikely material: straw. Now as you know, straw is the dried stalks of grainplants, like wheat and barley, long used for making things like baskets and hats, and, in many parts of the world as a traditional roofing material. And it makes good walls too. Although what you see is a solid wall, it's actually constructed out of blocks made of compressed straw which are then plastered and painted.    I've only been building in the material for five years, but interest is certainly on the increase. I've completed sixteen projects in that time, everything from retirement bungalows on the coast of Scotland to stable blocks in central London, and my latest project is an extension which I'm building onto a barn at a Scottish farm. The owner is converting it into a bed and breakfast hostel, for walkers in particular because this area attracts a lot of visitors. It's a fairly exposed spot, so I've gone for a round construction, which will be more stable in the heavy winds that are common here than, say, arectangular one would be.    I use bales of straw which are largish compact blocks, manufactured in regular sizes, which you place one on top of another in a set pattern. It's not unlike laying bricks. A wider range of skills is needed because although the construction is wholly strawbased, other materials are used to hold the blocks in place. The first row of straw bales I secure into the foundations using metal pins, but after that all the pinning is done with wooden pins. I prefer them because it's a much more sustainable material and it works just as well.    Then, when the wall is in place, it's covered with plaster on both the outside and inside, so what you see is a normal wall, there's no straw showing anywhere. We've put all the water pipes and the electrical wiring in behind the plaster as we build, so it's very nearly ready for use. Now the thing that surprises most people about this project is the fact that this extension is actually going to be used as a shower room, and you're all probably thinking the same thing, 'But won't it affect the straw?' Well, surprisingly, this is not a problem. Indeed with these walls it's not necessary for us to waterproof, because straw breathes naturally, unlike concrete, and wetness is not usually a problem. Of course, bearing in mind the eventual use of the structure, we are also fitting extractor fans. That's called for under government regulations whatever material you build in. So, if a building like this works in this kind of location, you can see what the possibilities are for building in straw in the future. What I'm trying to do now is get together the investment to build a whole row of houses in this material. This is a much larger project, as you can imagine. But I do think it's the way forward, because the materials are not expensive and the technology is not too complicated, so it's something that communities could do for themselves, especially in urban areas. It's quite possible to build lovely two-storey, high-density dwellings at a fraction of the cost ofthe faceless mass-produced construction projects that are now the norm. There's been lots of interest in straw buildings from all over Europe ... (fade)
Part 3
    The story of the king cheetah, until recently thought only to be a legend, fired the imagination of Alice Cowper. She told me how she and her husband, Peter, set out on a journey to prove that the kingcheetah really does exist. What actually does it look like? How does it differ from a normal cheetah? It is an absolutely magnificent-looking cat, and for people who know anything about spotted cats, the cheetah is the obvious spotted cat. It's always spotted, but this animal, instead of having spots, it's got thick, broad, black stripes, about the thickness of a man's thumb, three to five running down its spine from the ruff of the neck right down to the base of the tail. And the rest of it is just covered in blotches,like ink blots, which are a marvellous fingerprint. But, apart from that, the fur is fractionally longer, fractionally silkier than the normal cheetah.    So, you established that it did exist. You established the area of Africa where you might find it and then you actually went out into the bush to look for it? That's right. How did you go about it?    Well, we had to prove that the animal was existing now and it was simply a matter of elimination. In Botswana, we came up with no hard evidence, no animals that we could photograph or film, but after about fourteen months, we got film and photographs in a National Park of all places. In fact, they didn't know that they had a king cheetah there, it was the only one at the time, since then the number has increased.     So you're not saying this is a new species? No, it's actually a mutation and mutations are simply nature trying out a new pattern, a new style. Normally, they're just colour pattern changes, and they're generally one-offs, they just crop up now and again. It's the consistency of this mutation that interests you, though, isn't it? You don't regard it as just another mutation, do you?    That's right. Over sixty specimens is a lot. You then look at that pattern and why it's there. It's camouflage. It suits scrubland and woodland, which is not what you associate with cheetahs normally, and more of them are appearing in the wild. I think it's clear that what we are seeing is an environmental adaptation actually taking place before our eyes. What is it about the colour pattern of the king cheetah that gives it an advantage in woodland?    Cheetahs have enemies. Now, the king cheetah pattern is a perfect example of, perhaps the best ever, of what we call disruptive camouflage. It breaks up the shape of the animal so that it's harder to decipher it, to actually focus on what it is, and by the time you've worked out what it is amongst the trees, it's gone. So what you're looking at in the king cheetah, in that pattern, is a successful mutation. And it is working well in the environment into which the animal is moving, so much so that you're getting more ofthem, not less.    So, we're right at the beginning of this new branch of the cheetah family. That's right and it's fantastic, isn't it? It's particularly exciting for people, for their sense of wonder, for their belief in the fact that it's not the end of the road, it's just the beginning. You talk to the average person and they really think everything is dying out. I had someone say to me recently, 'The real adventurers these days are the camera people', and I thought, 'Oh dear, have we come to that?' and I said, 'No, you're wrong, there's still so much to do when it comes to the wildlife out there, there are so many exciting areas that we can still follow up on, that it's not the end, it's actually just the beginning'. If you've got something adapting tonew conditions, now, a big mammal, that's not depressing, that's fantastic, it says that we haven't destroyed anything.
Part 4 
    Jim: Have you seen the latest statistics about the high percentage of people in Britain and the United States who are failing to take enough exercise, presumably because of their increasingly sedentarylifestyles, being office-bound during the day, stuck behind the wheel of the car and then lounging on the sofa in front of the telly in the evening? Worrying, isn't it?    Sue: Yes, I saw that report, Jim. But I also read some figures about the amazing way gyms and exercise clubs are springing up across the country, which surely suggests that we must be getting fitter as a nation. That's rather encouraging, isn't it?    Jim: Yeah, well it certainly would be if it were true. I'm inclined to think these centres are springing up, as you say, to cash in on mankind's gullibility. Are you saying that people fall for all the latest pronouncements by the TV gurus on diet, exercise, vitamin and herbal supplements, etcetera? No, that's not what I meant, although that's certainly true for a large section of the population. No, I was thinking about the way most people realise deep down that taking more exercise would be beneficial and so they make the effort to join a gym or start an exercise programme, with every intention of making it a part of their lives. But it's just too hard, the workload or demands from family and friends intervene and after afew weeks they're right back to square one.     Not everyone gives up, Jim, but I take the point that there's a lot to squeeze into the average day, especially as more and more people commute long distances to work. I wonder if motivation has a part to play here? In the way that people have to seriously want to get fit or it won't work? That undoubtedly helps, of course, I was thinking more about group motivation. If you're going to run by yourself every morning, it's all too easy to talk yourself out of it if it's drizzling or you're feeling a bit below par, while if there are a number of friends running together or going to the gym at set times, you have peer groupsupport to keep you going and give you a pat on the back when you've achieved something. Hmm, and looking at the other side of the coin, it's less easy to bow out because you have to face the disapproval of other members of the group. We've been talking about exercise as something which is done in the increasing leisure time we're supposed to be enjoying now, so it has to involve an element of choice. What about exercise as part of the daily work routine? Do you mean jobs which involve a lot of physical labour such as farming, or are you thinking of employers insisting that their workforce does an exercisesession once or twice a day? I was thinking more of the latter. It's a way of breaking up the day, toning you up and preventing some of the problems which can occur when sitting too long in one position, as well as the drowsiness of course.    I'm sure there are obvious advantages for the bosses in terms of increased work output... maybe I'm just too much of an individualist. I couldn't endure the idea of enforced physical activity, it sounds too much like school to me. On the other hand, companies making sports facilities - gyms, pools, etcetera - available to their staff in their lunch hour or before and after work seems less authoritarian and therefore more appealing. Aren't we back to the old problem of still having to make a personal commitment to using the facilities and then trying to stick to it? It's a vicious circle, you mean? I suppose that's so, a bit like a running track, then? Very apt! (laugh) ... (fade).

Part 2
bungalow (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："bungalow")【名】〈英〉平屋建て住宅〈米〉〔平屋の〕小さな家レベル8、発音bʌ́ŋgəlòu、カナバンガロー、バンガロウstable block (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："stable block")厩舎（棟）hostel (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："hostel")【名】ホステル、ユースホステル、簡易宿泊所、合宿所レベル7、発音hɑ́stl、カナハステル、ホステル、barley (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："barley")【名】《植物》オオムギ、大麦◆イネ科オオムギ属（Hordeum）の総称だが、通例Hordeum vulgareを指す。〔穀物の〕オオムギ、大麦レベル7、発音bɑ́ːrli、カナバーリー、バーレイbales of (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："bales of")多量の～set pattern (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："set pattern")【名】決まったパターンbrick layer (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："brick layer")れんが工straw bale (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："straw bale")ストローベイル◆わらを圧縮してロープで結んで直方体にしたものsecure〔物を（～に）〕固定する、締め付けるextention《建築》増築（部）、建て増しextractor fan (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："extractor fan")換気ファン、換気扇whole row (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："whole row")行全体way forward to (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："way forward to")《be the ～》～に対して前向きであるbest way forward前進するための最善の方法単語帳find the way forward前へ進む方法を見つけるPart 3ruff (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："ruff")【1他動】《服飾》ひだ襟をつける【1名】〔16～17世紀の〕ひだ襟◆【参考】rabato襟状の毛［羽毛］◆一部の動物の首の周りに生える特徴的な毛。blotch (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："blotch")【名】染み、汚斑、斑点《病理》できもの、おでき、かさ発音blɑ́tʃ、カナブロッチink blot (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："ink blot")インクの汚れ、インクの染みfractionally charged (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："fractionally charged")部分的に帯電したsilky (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："silky")【形】絹のような、〔絹のような〕光沢のある、〔絹のように〕やわらかな絹［シルク］製の〔態度などが〕洗練された、丁寧過ぎる◆悪い意味で使われることが多い。柔らかい毛［羽］で覆われたレベル7、発音sílki、カナシルク、スィルキー、シルキーestablish〔事実・理論などを〕確証する、立証する、証明する、はっきりさせるHow do you go about～にどのように取り組んでいますか？crop up (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："crop up")【句自動】〈話〉不意に［突然］現れる［出現する・起こる］scrubland (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："scrubland")【名】低木地woodland (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："woodland")【名】森林地帯、森林、森林地方by the time (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："by the time")～する時までにfollow up on (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："follow up on")徹底的に～を追究する、～を実行に移すPart 4sedentary lifestyle (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："sedentary lifestyle")座りがちな［座ることの多い・デスクワーク中心の・あまり動かない・ほとんど運動しない・ほとんど体を動かさない・体を動かすことの少ない・生活活動強度が低い］生活［ライフスタイル・生活形態・生活態度・生活習慣］bound 縛られた◆【反】unbound〔法律や義務によって〕束縛されたfind someone dead behind the wheel of his own car《be ～》（人）が自分の車の運転席で死亡しているのを発見するlounge (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："lounge")【自動】ゆったり座る、ぐったり横になる、ブラブラと過ごす、ブラブラと歩く【名】〔空港・ホテルなどの〕ラウンジ、休憩室、待合室telly (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："telly")【名】〈英話〉テレビ◆【同】television文例cash in on (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："cash in on")～から利益を得る文例〔利益を得るために〕～を利用する、～に付け込む、～のチャンスを生かすgullibility (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："gullibility")【名】〔他人の言うことをすぐに信じて〕だまされやすいことpronouncement (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："pronouncement")【名】〔意見などの公式な〕表明、公告、布告〔法的効力がある〕宣告、判決カナプロナウンスメント、分節pro・nounce・mentfall for (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："fall for")【句動】～を好きになる、～にほれる［ほれ込む・恋する・首ったけである］文例〔策略・宣伝文句などに〕だまされる、引っ掛かる、つられる、はまるherbal (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："herbal")【名】草本誌【形】草本の、薬草の、ハーブのレベル10、発音ə́ːbl ｜ hə́ːbl、カナアーブル、ハーブル、deep down (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："deep down")心の底では、深いところでは、本心では、心の中は、内心は、元来は、根は、本当はhave every intention of attaining the goal by making regular deposits 定期的に預金することにより目標を達成しようと固く決意している単語帳have every intention of doing～する意図が明らかにある、〔主語が〕～しようとしているのは明らかであるsquare one (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："square one")〈話〉出発点、始点、始まりget fit (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："get fit")健康になる［な体を作る］、身体がじょうぶになる、体を鍛えるtake a point議論するtalk oneself out of～しないよう自分に言い聞かせる◆危険な誘惑など。drizzling (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："drizzling")【形】霧雨が降るbelow par (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："below par")標準以下で、額面以下で文例体調がよくなくてgive oneself a pat on the back自分の肩のやや後ろを自分で軽くたたく、自画自賛する、自慢する、得意になる、自己満足する、一人悦に入る◆例えば右手で左肩の辺りをたたく。「我ながらよくやった」という気持ちを表す動作look at the other side of the coin〔同じコインの表裏の関係にある〕問題のもう一つの面に目を向けるbow out (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："bow out")【句動】〔おじぎをして部屋から〕出て行く、退出する身を引く、辞任するbreak up the day (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："break up the day")一日暇をつぶす単語帳break up the stress of the day一日のストレスを解消するtone up (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："tone up")【句他動】～の調子を上げる［高める］〔体・筋肉などを〕強化する、じょうぶにする、鍛える、引き締めるdrowsiness (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："drowsiness")【名】眠気◆【形】drowsyapt (検索結果：undefined, 検索クエリ："apt")【形】～しがちである、～しそうだ、～の傾向がある物覚えが良い、物分かりが早い、利発な適切な、ふさわしいレベル4、発音ǽpt、カナアプト