A photographic genre is a style or category of photography that focus on specific subjects or themes.
There are a wide variety of subgenres of architecture photography that can include:
Aerial Photography
Drone Photography
Real Estate Photography
Architectural Photography is a subgenre of photography focused on capturing images of buildings and architectural structures. The primary aim of this discipline is to create photographs that are both aesthetically pleasing and accurate representations of the subject.
Architectural photographers employ techniques and equipment to ensure that their images highlight the design, form, and function of the structures they photograph. This type of photography often emphasises the interplay between the built environment and its surroundings, showcasing the architectural beauty and significance of the subject.
Niépce, N. (1822-27) 'View from the Window at Le Gras' URL
The first permanent photograph, View from the Window at Le Gras by Nicéphore Niépce, was also the first architectural photograph as it was a view of buildings. Similarly, photographs taken by early photographer William Henry Fox Talbot were of architecture, including his photograph of a Latticed window in Lacock Abbey taken in 1835.
Throughout the history of photography, architectural structures including buildings have been highly valued photographic subjects, mirroring society's appreciation for architecture and its cultural significance. By the 1860s, architectural photography started to become an established visual medium.
Much as building designs changed and morphed with traditional forms, architectural photography also evolved with time. During the early-to-mid-20th century, architectural photography became more creative as photographers used diagonal lines and bold shadows in their compositions, and experimented with other innovative techniques.
By the early 1950s, architects were hiring more photographers for commissioned work, resulting in architectural photography being viewed as more of an art form than what it had been considered before.
Talbot, H. F. (1845) 'London Street, Reading.' URL
There are many techniques that can be used to capture high quality photographs of architecture and the ones you use will depend on which subgenre of architecture you are aiming to capture. Some possible techniques you may use are below:
Perspective Control - Using tilt/shift lenses or post-processing to maintain parallel vertical lines.
Deep Depth of Field - Ensuring sharp focus from foreground to background.
Wide-Angle Lenses - Capturing expansive views, ideal for interiors and exteriors.
Post-Processing - Adjusting perspective and correcting distortions digitally.
Optimal Lighting - Utilising natural and artificial light to highlight features.
Composition - Emphasising symmetry, leading lines, and geometric shapes.
Detail Shots - Focusing on textures, materials, and design elements.
Reflections and Symmetry - Using reflections for symmetrical compositions.
Tripod Use - Ensuring stability and precision, especially in low light.
Wolfgang Sievers was a renowned German-Australian photographer born in 1913, known for his striking industrial and architectural photography. Immigrating to Australia in 1938 to escape Nazi oppression, Sievers brought with him the modernist ideals and technical precision he learned at the Bauhaus-inspired Contemporary School for the Applied Arts. His work is characterised by its celebration of the industrial age, capturing the power and beauty of factories, machines, and modern architecture with a sense of awe and respect.
Shmith, A. (1977) 'Wolfgang Sievers' URL
Sievers, W. (1968) '[Looking toward the sky] between two buildings in William Street' Melbourne, URL
The concept of the utopian city in Sievers' photography is rooted in the modernist vision of progress and harmony between industry and humanity. Influenced by the Bauhaus movement and New Objectivity, Sievers saw industrial development as a positive force for material and social advancement. His images often depict factories and modern buildings as idealized, almost heroic structures, embodying the potential for a better, more rational world. Through his lens, the industrial landscape becomes a testament to human ingenuity and the promise of a utopian future.
Below, the AIMMEE framework is used to explore these ideas.
Audience
Wolfgang Sievers’ photography initially catered to large industrial and mining corporations, promoting their products and processes while situating them as key producers of wealth in Australia. Architectural firms also utilized his work to showcase their projects. These corporate images were displayed in boardrooms, company offices, brochures, and advertisements. Over time, Sievers’ audience expanded to include local artists and, eventually, a broader public who appreciated his work in fine art galleries and as collectible photographic art. His images, such as "Gears for Mining Industry," have even been featured in mainstream contexts like Australia Post stamps.
Intention
Sievers aimed to capture and celebrate the power, beauty, and dignity of industrial and architectural subjects. He was influenced by modernist principles and sought to convey his admiration for the industrial age, presenting it as a force for progress and material advancement. Through his photographs, Sievers intended to highlight the achievements of industry and architecture, fostering a positive view of the modern machine and manufacturing world.
Sievers, W. (1951) Stanhill, URL
Sievers, W. (1959) 'Sulphuric acid plant, E.Z. Industries' Hobart, URL
Make
Sievers meticulously planned each shot, using his technical skills and modernist training to capture compelling images. He employed unusual angles, dynamic poses, and dramatic artificial lighting to transform mundane industrial scenes into powerful visual statements. His images often featured clean shapes and strong contrasts, reflecting his Bauhaus-inspired approach to photography.
Method
Sievers' method involved careful composition and lighting to emphasize the scale and impact of industrial and architectural subjects. He often used large-format cameras to achieve high resolution and detail. His training at the Bauhaus school and his background in archaeology and historical documentation informed his systematic and organized approach to photography.
Edit
Sievers’ editing process was minimal, as he focused on achieving the desired effects during the shoot through precise planning and execution. His images were typically presented in black and white, emphasizing the stark beauty and dramatic contrasts of industrial and architectural forms. Any necessary adjustments were made in the darkroom to enhance the clarity and impact of his photographs.
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Sievers, W. (1951) Stanhill, URL
RISD (2023) 'Rob Dobi,' URL
Rob Dobi is an American artist and photographer born in 1981. He is renowned for his compelling documentation of urban decay, capturing the haunting beauty of abandoned structures throughout the northeastern United States. Dobi, a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design, has made a name for himself in the realms of graphic design and photography. Through his online business, FullBleed.org, he creates visually striking clothing designs and freelances for prominent emo and neo-punk rock bands.
Urban Decay is a central theme in Dobi's work, reflecting his fascination with derelict buildings and forgotten spaces. His photographs offer a poignant glimpse into the past, showcasing the remnants of once-bustling environments now overtaken by time and neglect. Dobi's work evokes a sense of melancholy and nostalgia, encouraging viewers to contemplate the stories and memories embedded within these decaying structures. By preserving the visual history of urban decay, Dobi's photography serves as a powerful reminder of the impermanence of human achievements and the relentless passage of time.
Below, the AIMMEE framework is used to explore these ideas.
Dobi, R. (1999) Stanhill, URL
Dobi, R. (1999) Stanhill, URL
Audience
Rob Dobi's photography reaches a diverse audience, including fans of contemporary graphic design, urban explorers, and enthusiasts of emo and neo-punk rock. His online business, FullBleed.org, caters to the youth market, while his photographic work documenting urban decay attracts those interested in the forgotten and abandoned spaces of the northeastern United States. Additionally, art enthusiasts and historians may find his work compelling due to its focus on the historical and cultural significance of these decaying structures.
Intention
Dobi intends to capture and preserve the essence of derelict buildings before they are lost to time or development. His photographs aim to evoke an emotional response, prompting viewers to reflect on the histories and memories embedded in these decaying structures. He seeks to highlight the beauty in decay and to bring attention to the often overlooked and neglected parts of urban environments. Dobi's work also serves as a commentary on the transient nature of human creations and the inevitability of change and decay. By documenting these spaces, he hopes to provoke a sense of nostalgia and to inspire a deeper appreciation for the architectural and historical value of abandoned buildings.
Make
Dobi’s process involves exploring abandoned buildings and capturing their essence through photography. His designer’s eye for composition and lighting helps to create images that are both visually striking and emotionally resonant.
Method
Dobi uses a systematic approach to his photography, planning each shot meticulously to highlight the mood of melancholy and regret associated with urban decay. His choice of compositions, angles, and lighting is intended to evoke a sense of nostalgia and loss. Dobi often uses perspective control to ensure that the lines of the buildings remain straight and parallel, enhancing the architectural integrity of his images. He uses a deep depth of field to keep both the foreground and background in sharp focus, providing a comprehensive view of the scene. A tripod is used to ensure stability and precision, especially in low-light conditions common in abandoned buildings.
Dobi, R. (1999) Stanhill, URL
Dobi, R. (1999) Stanhill, URL
Edit
Dobi’s editing process enhances the emotional impact of his photographs. He may adjust lighting and composition to emphasise the atmosphere of decay and abandonment, ensuring that each image communicates his intended mood and message.
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Julius Shulman (1910-2009) was a highly influential American architectural photographer whose work played a crucial role in defining and popularizing modernist architecture in the mid-20th century. Shulman is best known for his iconic images that captured the sleek lines, open spaces, and innovative designs of modernist buildings, particularly in Southern California. His photography not only documented these architectural masterpieces but also highlighted the relationship between the buildings and their natural surroundings, often portraying a harmonious blend of indoor and outdoor spaces.
Hawerlander, E. (1950) 'Julius Shulman Portrait' URL
Shulman, J. (1960) 'Case Study House No. 22, Los Angeles, Pierre Koenig, Architect' URL
Modernist Architecture emerged in the early 20th century as a response to the rapid industrialisation and technological advancements of the time. Characterised by clean lines, functional forms, and a lack of ornamentation, modernist architecture sought to break away from traditional architectural styles and embrace new materials and construction techniques. Architects like Richard Neutra, Pierre Koenig, and Charles and Ray Eames, whose works were famously photographed by Shulman, aimed to create buildings that were not only aesthetically pleasing but also practical and reflective of modern life. Shulman's photography played a pivotal role in showcasing the beauty and innovation of modernist architecture to a broader audience, cementing its place in architectural history.
Audience
Julius Shulman primarily reached architects, designers, and enthusiasts of modern architecture through his iconic photographs. His images were widely published in architecture magazines, books, and exhibitions, helping to define and popularize mid-century modern architecture. His work appealed to both professionals in the field and the general public, who were captivated by the elegance and clarity of his architectural photography.
Intention
Shulman's intention was to document and elevate the work of modern architects by capturing their buildings in the best possible light. He aimed to highlight the beauty, functionality, and innovative designs of mid-century modern architecture. Through his photography, Shulman wanted to communicate the architects' visions and the significance of their work to a broader audience.
Shulman, J. (1959) 'Case Study House #21, Los Angeles, CA (Pierre Koenig)' URL
Shulman, J. (n.d) 'Singleton House' URL
Make
Shulman meticulously staged his photographs to emphasize the harmony between the architecture and its environment. He often used natural lighting and carefully selected angles to enhance the structure's lines and features. His compositions were precise, often featuring dramatic perspectives and thoughtful inclusion of human elements to convey scale and context.
Method
Shulman's method involved extensive collaboration with architects to understand their vision and intentions for each building. He used large-format cameras to capture high-resolution images, ensuring every detail was sharp and clear. Shulman was known for his ability to capture the essence of a building, using lighting and composition to create striking, memorable images that showcased the architectural design.
Edit
Shulman's editing process was minimal, as he aimed to maintain the authenticity and integrity of the architectural designs. He focused on achieving the desired effects during the shoot through careful planning and execution. Any necessary adjustments were made in the darkroom, with a focus on enhancing the natural beauty and clarity of the images.
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Shulman, J. (1959) 'Case Study House #21, Los Angeles, CA (Pierre Koenig)' URL
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