French uses one form for the present: simple!
The French present tense can be translated in three different ways in English depending on the context (the circumstances).
Deja is drinking coffee. (right now, progressive action: What is Deja doing?)
OR
Deja boit du café. Deja drinks coffee. (in general, habitual action: What does Deja drink in the morning?)
OR
Deja does drink coffee. (emphatic or contrastive: Does Deja not drink coffee?)
Formation of present tense: Review
1. -er verbs in the present: they are the most common.
To conjugate (change the subject: je, tu…) of an -er verb:
Take the infinitive: parler
Remove the -er
Add the endings -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent.
Pronunciation:
je, tu, il/elle/on, and ils/elles are pronounced exactly the same (in green below). This means you don’t pronounce the “s” (tu) or the “nt” (elles).
You tell if an -er verb is plural (elle or elles) when someone is talking by the context (the rest of the sentence or situation).
Mes amis voyagent souvent. My friends travel often (notice the plural “mes”: this tells you that the verb will be plural).
Listen to the pronunciation of “parler.” Note that the pronunciation of je, tu, elle/il/on, and ils/elles is the same even though the conjugations are spelled differently.
Common -er verbs:
adorer, to adore
aimer, to like
aimer mieux, to prefer
chanter, to sing
chercher, to look for
danser, to dance
demander, to ask
détester, to hate, to detest
donner, to give
écouter, to listen to
étudier, to study
habiter, to live
jouer, to play
montrer, to show
présenter, to introduce
regarder, to watch
rencontrer , to meet (by chance)
rester, to stay, remain
téléphoner, to telephone
travailler, to work
trouver, to find
NOTE: Je changes to j' before a verb starting with a vowel or a silent h (ex. j'adore, j'habite). This is called élision. Listen to the following sentences. Can you hear the élision in the first two examples?
NOTE: Liaisons: the final s in plural pronouns (nous, vous, and ils/ elles) is usually silent, not pronounced. But when the final S is followed by a verb that begins with a vowel sound, the s is pronounced as a / z/ and links the pronoun to the verb. This is called liaison ('linking')
2. -ir verbs in the present:
To conjugate (change the subject: je, tu…) of an -ir verb:
Take the infinitive: choisir
Remove the -ir
Add the endings -is, -is, -it, -issons, -issez, -issent.
Pronunciation:
je, tu, elle/il/on: all pronounced the same: “s” is not pronounced for these. *-nt (choisissent) is not pronounced.
The singular and plural forms of the third person are clearly distinguishable (finit vs. finissent). Listen to the difference.
Common -ir verbs:
choisir, to choose
établir, to establish
grandir, to grow (up)
grossir, to gain weight
maigrir, to lose weight
mincir, to get slimmer
obéir (à quelqu'un), to obey (someone)
réagir, to react
réfléchir, to think, reflect
réunir, to get together, assemble
réussir (à), to succeed (at)
vieillir, to grow old
NOTE: Not all verbs ending in -ir follow this pattern. Irregular -ir verbs include ouvrir, partir, sortir, and dormir. We’ll look at those soon!
3. -re verbs in the present:
To conjugate (change the subject: je, tu…) of an -re verb:
Take the infinitive: attendre
Remove the -re
Add the endings: -s, -s, - (il/elle/on has no added ending), -ons, -ez, -ent.
Pronunciation:
The final -d and -ds in the singular forms are not pronounced. In the third person plural (elles/ils) the 'd' consonant sound of the stem is pronounced--but not the -ent.
Listen to the difference in the pronunciation of the singular and plural forms of the third person (elle, elles).
Common regular -re verbs:
attendre, to wait for
dépendre de, to depend (on)
entendre, to hear
pendre, to hang
perdre, to lose
rendre, to hand in, give back
rendre visite à quelqu'un, to visit someone
répondre, to answer, respond
vendre, to sell
NOTE: Some verbs ending in -re are irregular, including prendre, mettre, suivre, and vivre. We’ll look at these soon.
Mise en pratique
Le présent des verbes réguliers
A. Le week-end. Sofia explique à Markus, un étudiant de DePaul, ce qu’un étudiant typique d’UIC fait le week-end. Premièrement, lisez tout le paragraphe et la liste de verbes possibles. Puis, choisissez le verbe qui convient et conjuguez-le au présent.
Verbes Possibles: aimer, attendre, bavarder (to chat, talk), chanter, choisir, danser, écouter, habiter, inviter, jouer, manger, raconter
Sofia: Je/j’ ______________ (1) dans Stukel Towers, une résidence du campus UIC. Ma meilleure amie, Ana, vit avec sa famille dans Pilsen, et je/j’ (2) explorer Pilsen avec elle. On (3), on (4) aux jeux vidéo, et on (5) à Panda Express ensemble. Parfois, nous (6) un film sur Netflix.
Mon ami James a un appart dans Hyde Park, près du lac Michigan. Il (7) souvent ses copains chez lui. Il est intéressant--il (8) des histoires amusantes à propos de son travail à Target sur Roosevelt.
Moi, je (9) de la guitare et nous (10) ensemble. On aime “La vie en rose,” une chanson française classique.
Markus: On n’est pas si différent! Mes amis à DePaul (11) de la musique...ils (12) le week-end pour aller danser.
B. Descriptions. Avec votre partenaire, expliquez qui fait les choses indiquées.
Modèle: rentrer tard le week-end
Nous rentrons tard le week-end. ou
Les adolescents rentrent tard le week-end.
Parler francais et anglais
Finir les cours avant 2 h de l'après-midi
Travailler trop
Piloter des avions
Donner des notes aux étudiants
Finir le dîner dans dix minutes
Perdre patience
Chercher un stage (internship)
Choisir d’être végétarien/ne
Attendre la navette (Intercampus Shuttle)