Using a Timer...
Allows students who may struggle to transition a cue or reminder
Gives time for processing
Prevents power struggle
Allows self pacing and monitoring
Overview
Using a timer is a powerful tool. A timer may be digital analog, or visual. Each format has its unique benefits.
A teacher may introduce an activity and use a class wide timer as a visual cue on self pacing in their work
A student may use a timer for monitoring their breaks
A timer may be used for processing time and cooldown opportunities after a behavior of concern is demonstrated
A timer is an effective tool that must be taught to students based on its purpose.
Students who use a timer for breaks should be aware that the timer may not not be altered (the teacher may personally track the time until trust is built)
Students who use a timer for processing should be prompted with phrases like "I'm going to give you give minutes to cool down" please let me know if you need more time when the timer goes off. The student should not be spoken to until the timer sounds. This prevents a power struggle and gives the student control.
If a timer is being used for self monitoring the teacher should explain to student(s) the amount of time they will have before starting an activity, and the expectation for when the timer finishes.
Student may need prompting at beginning to establish routine of timer use.
Core Components
The process for the timers intended use must be discussed.
Expectations must be clearly defined on what to do when a timer sounds.
Proactive Implementation
Utilizing a timer as a proactive solution requires expectations of the timer to be rehearsed by the student group or class. A timer may be introduced for transitions, reminders, or breaks. The timer is a powerful tool that negates possible power struggles and conditions the student, group, or class to refocus.
Responsive Implementation
If a student, group, or class are bubbling then a timer can be used responsively to support coping. The timer can be set to count up or down depending on the situation. The student, group, or class can be conditioned to see the timer as a tool for coping whether that be through space or to allow them to come to stronger stopping point.
Connection
If the need is connection then the timer may be used for sensory/movement breaks where the student may pair with another and use the timer for a shared break.
Skills Training
If the need is skill building then the student may be allowed to determine the amount of time needed as the timer is set. The goal is communicate the need, complete a coping skill or find a stopping point, and practice time management skills.
Awareness
If the need is awareness then the student may complete a body scan before and after the timer is set. This allows the student to sense things such as rapid heartbeat, clenched fists, etc. The timer can also be used to count up opposed to down to build awareness of how much time a transition or focus takes to complete.
Emotional Regulation
If the need is regulation then the student may have the option to ask for more time and a reflection/coping conference, processing sheet, etc is completed after completion of the timer.
Consider Factors Prior to Start
Intensifying or Fading During
Student factors-
Gender, race, function, topography, family dynamics, interpersonal relationships
Contextual factors -
Resource availability, classroom instruction, physical space, time, technology
Duration
Frequency
Feedback
Reinforcement
Goals
REMINDER
Make a note to document when you're starting this intervention.
After 10 consecutive school days of implementation, use collected data to determine the intervention's effectiveness.