Tiger

taxonomy 

. kingdom-animalia 

. phylum-chordate

.class-mammalia

.family-felidae 

. order-carnivora 

.genus-panthera  

.species-panthera tigris  

evolution 

all subspecies- Amur Tiger – (Distribution Southern Russian Far East and Northeast China)

Bengal Tiger – (Distribution India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh)

Malyan Tiger – (Distribution Malay Peninsula)

South China Tiger – (Native to Southern China, few individuals surviving in captivity)

Sumatran Tiger – (Distribution Indonesian island of Sumatra)

Indo-Chinese Tiger – (Distribution Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand and Southwest China)

Bali Tiger – Extinct 1937 – (Bali island)

Javan Tiger- Extinct 1970 – (Java island)

Caspian Tiger – Recorded in the wild before the end of 20thcentury. (Distribution around Caspian Sea, Turkey and Northern Iran)

how long has this species been in existence- Tigers might have walked the earth million years ago, and the earliest of tiger fossils which was found in South Asia, dates backs to 2 million years old. 

closest living relative to this species-The tiger's closest relative is the lion. In fact, without fur, it is difficult to distinguish a tiger from a lion.

3 ancestors of this species- hasMiacoids are the oldest tiger ancestors recorded to date,  Pseudaelurus, that was found on the earth about 20 million years ago, The Feliformia group was more cat-like and eventually encompassed animals that include cats, hyenas, civets and mongooses.this species been in existence

description 

They are tempestuous yet calm, warm-hearted yet fearsome, courageous in the face of danger yet yielding and soft in mysterious, unexpected places. Tigers are very confident, perhaps too confident sometimes. Although they love adventures, and are addicted to excitement it is better not to challenge a Tiger's confidence. size, Generally, males vary in total length from 250 to 390 cm (98 to 154 in) and weigh between 90 and 300 kg (200 and 660 lb) Females vary in total length from 200 to 275 cm (79 to 108 in), weigh 65 to 167 kg (143 to 368 lb) lifespan 8-10 years . males tigers tend to have slightly longer tails relative to their body size than females.

description of the habitat 

.how much rainfall-the rainforest stays between 64.4° and 91.4º Fahrenheit. The rainforests get an average of 400 inches of rain per year.

.plants-Tigers are found in amazingly diverse habitats: rain forests, grasslands, savannas and even mangrove swamps. 

animals-The tiger is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus Panthera. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside.The tigers share their habitat with their prey, which includes sun bear, deer and wild boar. Other animals in the Malay Peninsula include the Asian elephant, Sumatran rhinoceros and Malayan tapir. 

temperature-between 37.8 degrees C. and 39.4 degrees C. (100 – 103 degrees F). 

terrain-Tigers are found in amazingly diverse habitats: rain forests, grasslands, savannas and even mangrove swamps. Unfortunately, 93% of historical tiger lands have disappeared primarily because of expanding human activity. Saving tigers means saving forests that are vital to the health of the planet.

distribution 

.continents found - The continental tiger is found on the Asian mainland. This subspecies comprises Bengal, Malayan, Indochinese, and Amur tiger populations.

. invasive at all - poaching, retaliatory killings, and habitat loss. They are forced to compete for space with dense and often growing human populations.

diet

what exactly does it eat-Tigers eat a variety of prey ranging in size from termites to elephant calves. However, an integral component of their diet are large-bodied prey weighing about 20 kg (45 lbs.) or larger such as moose, deer species, pigs, cows, horses, buffalos and goats.

how often does it eat-Tigers hunt about once a week and consume as much as 75 pounds (34 kilograms) of food in one night. At the Zoo, tigers eat ground beef, and their diet is supplemented with enrichment items each week.

how does it gets its food-Tigers mainly rely on their sense of sight and hearing rather than on smell when hunting prey. They cautiously stalk their prey from the rear in attempt to get as close as possible to their unsuspecting prey. Then they attempt to take down their prey with a powerful bite to the neck and/ or throat.

any special foods-termites to elephant calves.

social structure 

live in packs or solo-Tigers are solitary animals, with the exception of mothers and their cubs.

roles within community-As a large predator, the tiger plays a key role in maintaining healthy ecosystems. 

males or females led groups-females,It is true that males do not lead a group or streak, but in such case, they would be dominant. 

individuals that make up the group-?

how do they interact with each other-Their social system is connected through visual signals, scent marks and vocalizations. 

reproduction 

how often do they mate-Over three to four days, tigers can mate anywhere from 200 to 250 times and sometimes it can be as frequent as every 5 to 7 minutes.

how many mates do they have-one partner 

times of year for mating-Estrus Cycle,November to April

mating rituals-When a receptive tigress and a tiger meet, perform a courtship ritual by moving in circles and vocalizing; Both growl and approach and separate successively in the process of mutual recognition and trust building.

number of offspring prouduces at time-On average, tigers give birth to two to four cubs every two years. If all the cubs in one litter die, a second litter may be produced within five months. 

any unique characteristics of thier mating-circling each other and vocalizing 

mating

development 

stages of development- tigers have four life stages: newborn, kid, young adult, and a fully grown adult.

how old before sexual maturity-Females reach sexual maturity around 3 to 4 years of age and males mature at about 4 to 5 years of age.

activities and environment of stages-maintaining the harmony of the planet's ecosystems. hunting at night.

difference between males and females-The size difference between them is proportionally greater in the large tiger subspecies, with males weighing up to 1.7 times more than females. Males also have wider forepaw pads, enabling sex to be identified from tracks.

causes of death 

predation-Humans are the main predators of these cats. But they are also vulnerable to elephants and large buffalos due to the extraordinary strength and size of these mammals.

sexual competition- males fight for the female to when her. 

disease-Canine distemper virus (CDV) 

other causes-habitat loss/fragmentation and poaching. 

competition 

inter-species-within the species - the liger is a hybrid offspring of a male lion (Panthera leo) and a female tiger (Panthera tigris). The liger has parents in the same genus but of different species. 

intra-species-with other species-humans 

what do they compete over-human wildlife conflict 

affect of invasive species-These species can cause costly economic and ecological damage each year including crop decimation, clogging of water facilities and waterways, wildlife and human disease 

IUCN rating 

what is the rating-Tigers are globally listed as “Endangered” on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

population-The tiger is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. As of 2015, the global wild tiger population was estimated to number between 3,062 and 3,948 mature individuals, with most populations living in small isolated pockets.

population trend-New estimates show an increase of approximately 40% in wild tiger numbers, with 4,500 tigers in the wild. 

impact of humans 

what impacts have occurred-Tigers have lost an estimated 95% of their historical range. Their habitat has been destroyed, degraded, and fragmented by human activities. 

potential future impacts-Tigers are near extinction in the wild that they could become extinct in the next 20 years. 

how long have humans been interacting with species-The earliest humans began interacting with other animals they began walking the African savannah over two million years ago. It's been a long and complicated relationship ever since.

efforts being made to minimize impacts-Protect tigers and their habitat.

• Build capacity in range states.

• Reduce human-tiger conflict.

• Conduct scientific research on tigers to help inform conservation strategies.

• Promote tiger-friendly policies.

pictures