• Heat shock factor protein 1

• Proteotoxic stress

• Chaperone regulation for protection of protein from damage caused by extrinsic environmental stress or intrinsic age-related deterioration. Prominent role in cytoskeletal integrity.  Regulates mitochondria in stress resistance and proteostasis

• Activation increases longevity, deacetylation by SIRT1 increases transactivation of Hsp70. Downregulation attenuates heat-shock response. Role in cytoskeletal integrity to ensure cellular function during stress and ageing. Low levels of mitochondrial stress regulate cytoplasmic proteostasis and healthspan during ageing by coordinating activity of HSF-1

López-Otín (2013), Baird (2014), Labbadia (2017)