Avoid using "Ethos", "Pathos", "Logos" and Do This Instead

1. Ethos → Appeal to Credibility or Trust

Use phrases like:

• "establishes authority"

• "builds credibility"

• "positions themselves as knowledgeable and trustworthy"

• "relies on personal experience or expertise"

• "draws on a shared sense of morality"

Example:

Through references to his personal experiences as a soldier and careful attention to ethical responsibility, the author builds trust with his audience and frames himself as a reliable voice on the issue of war.

2. Pathos → Appeal to Emotion

Use phrases like:

• "evokes strong emotional reactions"

• "stirs sympathy or outrage"

• "taps into the audience’s fears or hopes"

• "relies on vivid imagery and emotional anecdotes"

• "amplifies a sense of urgency or injustice"

Example:

By painting a harrowing picture of families torn apart by immigration policies, the writer evokes empathy and a sense of injustice to push the reader toward reform.

3. Logos → Appeal to Logic or Reason

Use phrases like:

• "presents logical reasoning"

• "uses facts and data"

• "structures arguments clearly"

• "relies on cause-and-effect relationships"

• "builds a rational case"

Example:

Through the strategic use of statistics, historical examples, and clear reasoning, the speaker constructs a compelling argument for the economic benefits of renewable energy.