Stockleigh Pomeroy


This scattered village lies in remote & beautiful red-earth country at the foot of the Raddon hills in East Devon.  The name Stockleigh comes from Stoc Lea  which means “the woodland clearing surrounded by a log stockade”
The Norman Pomeroy family was given the manor after the Norman Conquest & continued to hold it for 500 years,  from the 11th to the 16th century. 

medieval documents related to Stockleigh Pomeroy

Stockleigh is recorded in the Domesday Book as having Taxable value of 1 geld units.

 worth £2 to the Lord of the Manor  to lord  with  7 villagers. 18 smallholders and 3 slaves. 6 ploughlands (land for or 6 carucates ). 3 lord's plough teams. 3 men's plough teams. 0.5 lord's lands. 3 acres of Meadow;10  acres. Pasture & 8 acres. Woodland ; Livestock in 1086: 1 cob( Horse . 5 cattle. 14 pigs. 103 sheep. 23 goats.  Lord of the Manor in 1086: Ralph of Pomeroy., Tenant-in-chief 

The irregular oval fields in the centre of the loop of lanes which make up the village were originally called The Green and probably represent the extent of the original Saxon clearing in the woods, close to a lively stream.

“The Green” is now taken to mean the space in front of the Church Cottages.

Hoskins suggests that after 1066 Ranulf de la Pomerai was unlikely to have seen all the lands that he received and instead would have assigned a overseer or a bailiff who might be a local farmer  one  who,  in this case , in later centuries  lived  at Town Living  Farm . 

 AJP suggests , With primogeniture the rule of inheritance in England  which essentially deprived  the younger sons of the family of the same income as eldest son , many smaller properties provided a role & an income hose younger sons who ,depending on their position in the  family line, might have become Yeoman farmers or at least husbandmen or small farmers, taking on the properties to act as keepers of the family land assets. 

In 1293 Wallen Barton was leased from his overlord by John de la Wall, probably name after a wall on the farm. Wallen is simply the plural meaning “walls” Barton simply means Farm. It features in several Pomeroy land records being gifted to various younger members

Strangaton on the road to Cheriton, means “Steep Hill” which describes its site very well. Yet another, “ Westwood” clearly suggests that it had been created out of the natural woodland at the western end of the Parish.


The Mill lies beside the main road, a small building with a conical roof. Latterly a water mill used for fulling woollen cloth when, after the 14th century, cloth production became the primary export and significant money spinner for England. By this means many men rose from mere farmers to the dynasties of wealthy landed gentlemen.i

The little Mill with its surrounding land showing signs of human activity long ago.

Sir Henry Pomeroy's cook was Nigel was rewarded for his excellent service with a lifetime tenancy of the little mill.
English Heritage records it as Grade II and describes it thus..
C15/C16 oak jointed cruck, ie part of cruck post and truss blade, survives from earlier roof in west wall towards north end. In spite of the machinery having been removed this is a very unspoilt small watermill. First recorded 1293 (Hoskins)

Stockleigh Mill. Watermill, last used for fulling. First recorded 1293; present structure partly late medieval;  remodelled C18. Stone rubble and cob walls with steep hipped, almost pyramidal, wheat-reed thatched roof.
Wide doorway to ground floor right with pair of old ledged doors. Oak lintels. Old oak rafter ends project from cob under eaves. Interior has old wheel shaft in situ and timberwork for holding millstones. Otherwise machinery removed. Heavy chamfered oak beams support old flooring. Some older reused timber. Oak roof is probably C18 but is smoke-blackened possibly from forge.


The parish church is said to have been the earliest in Devon. In Domesday Book [1086] it is called ‘Saint Marie Churche’ is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin, and shows some Norman work, particularly in the south doorway shows that there was a church here in 1150. It is unknown if there was a wooden building previously, but the stone building was built largely at the expense of the Pomeroy family.

In the register kept by Bishop Bronescombe at Exeter we find that on 12th July 1261 the Bishop rode from his Palace at Crediton to dedicate the church at Stockleigh Pomeroy.

There was some enlargement in the 15th century and some ancient glass in the little church dates from this time (1453) and can still be seen. The chancel screen, which carried the cross, was put in and tower rebuilt, adding three bells. One of the medieval bells still remains.1

In the 16th century, seats were added; the oak bench ends were elaborately carved. Even now, some of these remain.

The present fabric was rebuilt in 1861 and consists of chancel, nave, north and south aisles, south porch, and west tower containing eight bells, cast and hung in 1880.

The tower was restored in 1873 at a cost of £3,500 in memory of Bishop Phillpotts [1778-1869], of Exeter, who is buried in the churchyard. The little church also has a magnificent and very ancient stone font. Discussed below.

The registers date from: baptisms, 1602; marriages, 1558; burials, 1663.




Wallen Barton


Nigels Mill & its surroundings ; it was given to for life by Sir Henry Pomeroy to Nigel, his cook


The Parish Church 

The Font is an great object of interest in this church and has a rather remarkable history attached to it

Before 1824 the lower part was uppermost and the upper part was buried in the floor. In 1824 the floor was repaired when the carving was discovered on the lower portion; on examination this proved to be the original font and it was then placed in its original position. The bowl is ornamented with a rim about twelve inches in depth, consisting of seven rings intersecting each other and decorated with beads or studs; within these rings are carved figures of very crude workmanship

In Dr. Oliver's Ecclesiastical Antiquities, Vol. 1, p. 184, the following list is given:—

"1st. A bird (probably a dove) with a bunch of grapes or olives in its beak.  2nd. A boar baited by a dog. 3rd. A man with a bugle in his right hand, and a dog by his right side, his left hand holding a spear.  4th. A man falling head over heads, nearly doubled, with a sword in his hand, Qy. if Goliath?

5th. A figure in a chair, playing on a harp, Qy. of David?  6th. A man on horseback, blowing a bugle, which he holds in his left hand, with a sword in his right.  7th. A Salamander, emblematic of fire, with the head of regardant."

"The church of the parish of St. Mary Church is the fourth which has been built on the same site; a Phœnician temple probably once occupied the same spot, as I found the font to have been an ancient divining well, containing a valuable record of the religious and physical history of the Phœnicians and Cimmerians. (1550 BC to 300 BC.???)

The seven-ringed carving has been inscribed at various times with Phœnician or Archaic Hebrew characters, Greek and Egyptian letters and hieroglyphs; lastly, it was whitewashed, and that part of Domesday Book which relates to the neighbourhood painted in a darker tone on it.

This has nearly all disappeared under the vigorous cleaning to which the font has been subjected. The character inscribed on it form a valuable link between the north western and south eastern alphabets. The original font was funnel shaped; it has been turned upside down and the carving buried to preserve it from the Puritans, and an octagonal top placed on the upturned bottom."

Records 

Short title: Toker v Pomerey.

Plaintiffs: Thomas TOKER, husbandman, late bailiff of Stockleigh Pomeroy.

Defendants: Hugh POMEREY, esquire, son and executor of Edward Pomerey, knight.

Subject: Repayment to Walter Bully, bailiff of Berry Pomeroy, of money advanced for the said Sir Edward's funeral. Devon

Date: 1544-1551

Short title: Toker v Pomerye. Plaintiffs: Thomas TOKER of Berry Pomeroy, husbandman.

short title: Toker v Pomerye.

Plaintiffs: Thomas TOKER of Berry Pomeroy, husbandman.

Defendants: Hugh POMERYE, esquire.

Subject: Money advanced out of the rents of Stockleigh Pomeroy, whereof complainant was bailiff, for the funeral of Edward Pomeroy, knight, father of defendant. Devon


Date: 1551-1553 DRO 3799M-0/ET/18/8 1359 Contents: Deed of gift

1. Stephen Davi 

2. William POMEROY, Nicholas POMEROY, Thomas POMEROY,( 3 of 5 sons of the 8th Sir Henry by his 1st wife Johana Moels) Stephen vicar of Byry and Robert Weye

Premises: one messuage and all 1.'s land of la Wallen in the manor of Stockleigh POMEROY, and also all 1.'s goods and chattels

Witnesses: Henry   POMEROY, Thomas of Courtenay, Theobald Greynevile, knts., John Dabernon, Richard of Brankescombe

Date: Newton St Cyres, Saturday after the feast of St Mathias the Apostle, 33 Edward III

Seal: round, shield with Ihs, "S. HUGONIS: LE: SPENSER" same matrix as 3799M-0/ET/18/4


DRO 3799M-0/ET/18/9 1368  Contents: Deed of gift

1. Henry of la POMEROY, eldest son of Henry of la POMEROY and Johane de Moels

2. Thomas of la POMEROY

Premises: all 1.'s rents in Lake and Walles in 1.'s manor of Stockleigh POMEROY, to be held by Thomas during his life.   Rent: 1d 

Witnesses: William of la POMEROY, William Berkedon, Adam Cole, Martin of Fishacre, Michael Coffyn

Date: Berry POMEROY, Thursday after the feast of the Epiphany, 41 Edward III

seal of Henry of la POMEROY (blurred)


DRO 3799M-0/ET/18/10 1372 Contents: Deed of gift

1. Thomas  la POMEROY

2. Richard, son of Reginald atte Renne, and Agnes his wife

Premises: all 1.'s lands and tenements in Wallen and Estwode, to be held by 2. during their lives

Rent: 42/-

Witnesses: William Stokedon, Thomas Poghille, John of Churiton, Thomas of Ferlegh, Reginald atte Fenne

Date: Exeter, Wednesday after the feast of St Lucy the Virgin, 6 Edward III

Seals: small, round, four petalled flower with initial at the centre ?A; second seal missing


DRO 3799M-0/ET/18/8 1359.  Contents: Deed of gift

1. Stephen Davi

2. William  POMEROY, Nicholas  POMEROY, Thomas  POMEROY, Stephen vicar of Byry and Robert Weye 

Premises: one messuage and all 1.'s land of la Wallen in the manor of Stockleigh POMEROY, and also all 1.'s goods and chattels

Witnesses: Henry of la POMEROY, Thomas of Courtenay, Theobald Greynevile, knts., John Dabernon, Richard of Brankescombe

Date: Newton St Cyres, Saturday after the feast of St Mathias the Apostle, 33 Edward III

Seal: round, shield with Ihs, "S. HUGONIS: LE: SPENSER" same matrix as 3799M-0/ET/18/4


DRO 3799M-0/ET/18/10 1372 Contents: Deed of gift

1. Thomas   POMEROY

2. Richard, son of Reginald atte Renne, and Agnes his wife

Premises: all 1.'s lands and tenements in Wallen and Estwode, to be held by 2. during their lives

Rent: 42/-

Witnesses: William Stokedon, Thomas Poghille, John of Churiton, Thomas of Ferlegh, Reginald atte Fenne

Date: Exeter, Wednesday after the feast of St Lucy the Virgin, 6 Edward III. 1333

Seals: small, round, four petalled flower with initial at the centre ?A; second seal missing

Earlier records relating to Henry who had a cook called Nigel !

the 8th successive Henry Pomeroy, son of Amicia de Pomeroy  whose wife was Joanna Moels  settle on himself for life 38 knights' fees ...


The Bailiff of Stockleigh Pomeroy lived at Town Living Farm – these days an 18th century farm with some listed buildings close by - 250 yards away but all i could find was a row of cottages along a lane –A2A Records

The Bailiff appears to have some difficulty getting his money back from the Lord of the Manor


14TH CENTURY  Date range: 25 January 1328 - 24 January 1329

Reference:C 143/200/21 Subjects: Manors, Marriage and divorce

Henry son of Amicia de Pomeroy to settle on himself for life 38 knights' fees in Berry Pomeroy and Harberton,  two-thirds of the manor of Berry Pomeroy and two-thirds of half the manors of Brixham and Harberton, with the reversion of the remaining third of the said manor and half-manors,  now held in dower by Amicia late the wife of Henry de Pomeroy.    
On himself & his wife Joan de Moels he settled for life, 18 knights' fees in Tregony (Cornwall) and two-thirds of the manors of Stockleigh Pomeroy and Tregony, with the reversion of the remaining third now held as above.

The remainder of the whole to be to (His 5 sons by successive entail)
Henry eldest son & the heirs male of his body, then to 2nd son William brother of Henry son of Henry and the heirs male of his body; then to 3rd son Nicholas brother of William and the heirs male of his body; then to 4th son John brother of Nicholas and the heirs male of his body; then to 5th son  Thomas brother of John and the heirs male of his body;
then to the right heirs of the said Henry son of Amicia, who retains the manor of Hennock. Devon [and Cornwall].

Date: 2 EDWARD III.Held by: The National Archives, Kew .

This document is held at DRO in Exeter and is ( apparently ) the one that relates to Nigel.

 Taken from “Devon and its People” by W. G. Hoskins 1959 with omissions and some updating. HB of village website .

The 8th successive  Sir Henry Pomeroy was 14 years old when he took the title after his father's death in the 33 year of the reign of Edward I (1305 ) 

Henry Pomeroy married twice his 1st wife Johana Moels or Mulys She was dau of Sir John Moels of Cadbury in Somerset andin 1328 they created  successive entail for their 5 sons.  

After Johana's  death Henry married again, in about 1359 , Elizabeth the widow of Roger Carminowne possibly daughter of John Courtenay of Powderham  Henry died in 1367 .
His sons by Johanna were Henry, the heir and father of John the next Baron  Berry Pomeroy,
William & John, Nicholas, a merchant in Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire & Sheriff of Devon and  Sir Thomas, a Kings Knight, whose son William had a son Edward who married Margaret Beville and inherited the title in 1446 after the death of  Sir Thomas Pomeroy. 

This was a sideways step to Sir Thomas whose lineage was almost a complete mystery until 2014. In that year   established that he was son of Robert of Otterton, Upottery, & the hamlet of Sandridge with its mill, a cadet line near Axminster in East Devon who descended for  the 3rd Sir Henry 2nd son Geoffrey of Clistwick & Cheriton around  1237. 
This Thomas Pomeroy Esq was 2nd son of Robert ,& married Joanna Chudleigh in1388 and was knighted in 1400  He had a brother William of Membury

All five of those sons of Henry Pomeroy & his wife Lady Johanna Moels appear to have served in the army of Edward II in the retinue of Guy de Bryan.


Source: Public Record Office: CP 40/1120  Title: Common Pleas Hilary 35 Henry VIII Hilary 1544

Westminster

Pl’ita apud Westmr coram Joh’e Baldewyn Milite & Socijs suis Justic’ d’ni Regis de Banco de Termi’o s’ci Hillarij Anno regni Henrici octaui dei gr’a Angl’ Franc’ & Hib’n Regs fidei defensoris & in terra eccl’ie Anglicane & Hib’nice suprmi capitis tricesimo quinto

Pleas at Westminster before John Baldewyn knight and his fellows, justices of the lord king de Banco, for Hilary term in the 35th year of the reign of king Henry the eighth by the grace of God king of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and on earth Supreme Head of the English and Irish church

Devon’

Hugo Pomeray armigr p attorn’ suu’ op’ se iiijto die vrsus Petrum Varley nup de Stokeley Pomerey in Com’ prd’co Husbondma’ & Julianam vxrem eius de pl’ito quare vi & armis cl’m ip’ius Hugonis apud Stokeley Pomerey fregerunt Et herbam suam ad valenciam Centum solidor ib’m nup crescen’ cum quibusdam aurijs depasti fuerunt conculcauerunt & consumpserunt Et alia enormia &c’ ad gaue dampnu’ &c’ Et conta pacem &c’ Et ip’i non ven’ Et prec’ fuit vic’ q’d attach eos &c’ Et vic’ modo Mand’ q’d nichil h’ent &c’ I’o capiantr q’d sint hic a die Pasche in tres septimanas[1] &c’

Devon- A Riotous assembly  ... I wonder why and what happened to them ?

Hugh Pomeray esquire appeared by his attorney for a fourth day against Peter Varley late of Stokeley Pomerey in the county aforesaid husbondman and Juliana his wife, in a plea wherefore by force of arms they broke into a close of the said Hugh at Stokeley Pomerey, and depastured, trampled and consumed with avers[2] his grass there lately growing, to the value of 100s, and other enormities &c. to grave damage &c. and against the peace &c.; and (the defendants) have not come; and it had been ordered the sheriff to attach them &c.;
and the sheriff now reports that they have nothing (in his bailwick in lands or chattels whereby they might be attached) &c.; therefore let them be taken, to be here three weeks from Easter &c.

Source: Public Record Office: CP 40/1120 Title: Common Pleas Hilary 35 Henry VIII Hilary 1544

Westminster

Pl’ita apud Westmr coram Joh’e Baldewyn Milite & Socijs suis Justic’ d’ni Regis de Banco de Termi’o s’ci Hillarij Anno regni Henrici octaui dei gr’a Angl’ Franc’ & Hib’n Regs fidei defensoris & in terra eccl’ie Anglicane & Hib’nice suprmi capitis tricesimo quinto

Pleas at Westminster before John Baldewyn knight and his fellows, justices of the lord king de Banco, for Hilary term in the 35th year of the reign of king Henry the eighth by the grace of God king of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and on earth Supreme Head of the English and Irish church

Devon’

Hugo Pomeray sum’ fuit ad respondend’ Ric’o Farlegh’ de pl’ito quare cepit auria ip’ius Ric’i Et ea iniuste detinuit conta vad’ & pleg’ &c’ Et vnde idem Ric’us p Joh’em Evelegh’ attorn’ suu’ queritr q’d prd’cus Hugo quarto die Julij anno regni d’ni Regis nunc Tricesimo quinto[3] apud Stocklegh’ Pomeray in quodam loco voc’ [blank] cepit auria videl’t duos bouic’los & quadraginta oues ip’ius Ric’i Et ea iniuste detinuit conta vad’ & pleg’ quousq’ &c’ vnde dic’ q’d detriorat’ est Et dampnum h’et ad valenciam Centum solidor Et inde pduc’ sectam &c’

Et prd’cus Hugo p Joh’em Gaurock attorn’ suu’ ven’ Et defend’ vim & iniur’ quando &c’ Et pet’ licenciam inde intrloquendi hic vsq’ a die Pasche in xv dies[4] Et h’et &c’ Idem dies dat’ est prfat’ Ric’o hic &c’

Devon

Hugh Pomeray had been summoned to answer Richard Farlegh in a plea wherefore he took avers of the said Richard and unjustly kept them against wage and pledge &c. And wherein the same Richard, by John Evelegh his attorney, complains that on the 4th day of July in the 35th year of the reign of the lord now king, at Stocklegh Pomeray in a place called [blank] he took the avers, to wit two bullocks and forty ewes, of the said Richard, and unjustly detained them against wages and pledge until &c. whereby he says that he is injured and has damage to the value of 100s; and therein brings his suit &c.

And the aforesaid Hugh comes, by John Gaverock his attorney, and defends the force and injury when &c.; and craves licence of interlocution thereon, hence to the quindene of Easter; and he has &c.; the same day is given to the aforesaid Richard here &c.

Source: Public Record Office: CP 40/1124 Title: Common Pleas Hilary 36 Henry VIII Hilary 1545

Westminster

Pl’ita apud Westmr coram Joh’e Baldewyn Milite & Socijs suis Justic’ d’ni Regis de Banco de Termi’o s’ci Hillarij Anno regni Henrici octaui dei gr’a Angl’ Franc’ & Hib’n Regs fidei defensoris & in terra eccl’ie Anglicane & Hib’nice suprmi capitis tricesimo sexto

Pleas at Westminster before John Baldewyn knight and his fellows, justices of the lord king de Banco, for Hilary term in the 36th year of the reign of king Henry the eighth by the grace of God king of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and on earth Supreme Head of the English and Irish church

Devon’

Hugo Pomray Genrosus p attorn’ suu’ op’ se iiijto die vrsus Will’m Verlegh’t nup de Stokeley Pomraye in Com’ prd’co Husbondman’ Ric’m Verlegh’ nup de Stokeley Pomraye in Com’ prd’co Husbondman’ de pl’ito quare vi & armis cl’m & domu’ ip’ius Hugonis apud Stokeley Pomraye fregerunt & herbam suam ad valenc’ decem librar ib’m nup crescen’ cum quibusdam aurijs depast’ fuerunt conculcauerunt & consumpserunt & solum suu’ ib’m cum quibusdam Carucis suburterunt p quod idem Hugo pficuu’ soli sui prd’ci p magnu’ tempus amisit Et alia enormia &c’ Ad gaue dampnu’ &c’ Et conta pacem &c’ Et ip’i non ven’ Et prec’ fuit vic’ q’d attach’ eos &c’ Et vic’ modo mand’ q’d nichil h’ent &c’ I’o capiantr q’d sint hic a die Pasche in xv[5] dies &c’

Devon

Hugh Pomeray gentleman appeared by his attorney for a fourth day against William Verleght late of Stokeley Pomeraye in the county aforesaid husbondman (and) Richard Verlegh late of Stokeley Pomeraye in the county aforesaid husbondman, in a plea wherefore by force of arms they broke into a close and house of the said Hugh at Stokeleye Pomeraye,  and depastured, trampled and consumed with avers,  grazing animals, his grass there lately growing, to the value of £10,
and turned over his soil there with ploughs, whereby the same Hugh lost the profit of his soil aforesaid for a great time, and other enormities &c. to grave damage &c. and against the peace &c.; and (the defendants) have not come; and it had been ordered the sheriff to attach them &c.;
and the sheriff now reports that they have nothing (in his bailwick in lands or chattels whereby they might be attached) &c.; therefore let them be taken, to be here on the quindene of Easter &c.

[1] 4 May 1544

[2] grazing animals

[3] 4 July 1543

[4] 27 April 1544

[5] 19 April 1545

[6] grazing animals