EDWARD Pomeroy
& his wife Margaret Beville
Sir Edward Pomeroy inherited the barony of Berry Pomeroy in 1426;
he died in May 1446 holding a considerable portfolio of Cornish lands
he died in May 1446 holding a considerable portfolio of Cornish lands
his wife was Margaret Beville, daughter of Sir John Beville of Killigarth ,
Sheriff of Cornwall, who were given Tregony at the time of their marriage in 1403.
She died at Berkingdon Manor in Staverton near Totnes Devon in 1461
Sheriff of Cornwall, who were given Tregony at the time of their marriage in 1403.
She died at Berkingdon Manor in Staverton near Totnes Devon in 1461
Edward son of William & grandson of Sir Thomas Pomeroy 5th son of Sir Henry & His wife Joanna Moels
& his wife Margaret Beville had 2 recorded sons Henry & John
Edward expected to inherit the barony on the death of Sir John who died in 1416, without children. Instead Edward found himself ignored by the Crown the King preferring the claims of Sir Thomas Pomeroy (Knighted in 1400 by Bolinbroke, Henry IV ) of the cadet family at Smallridge & Upottery, and his cousin John Cole of Nethway, son of Margaret Pomeroy married Adam Cole & her co-heir, his sister Joanna's daughter , Joanna Chudleigh.
Joanna Chuleigh was widow of Sir John St Aubyn by whom she has 2 children and Sir Phillip de Bryan of Sutton Poyntz
This 3rd marriage was a hurried , possibly forced , and certainly illicit because the groom did not have licence from the king to make this marriage when in 1388 in a hurried affair in the aisle of Berry Pomeroy Church she married
Thomas Pomeroy Esq son of Robert of cadet line at Smallridge , much favoured by the KingRichard II & knighted in 1400.
At one point Thomas Pomeroy & his cousin John Cole challenged Edward’s possession of Tregony, given to him on his marriage in 1403 .
Thomas & friends arrived at Tregony with a band of some 200 men & forced an entry into castle where they locked up Lady Margaret, Edward’s wife, without food and drink for two days. They threatened the couple ,even defenestrating Edward , forcibly ejecting him by way of a window of Tregony castle until finally, in fear of their livesEdward & his wife Margaret left.
The Seal of John Of Tregony
Sir John Pomeroy had declared that Edward his nephew grandson of the 5th son Sir Thomas, as his preferred heir. However Thomas Pomeroy Esq of Smallridge & Bokerell in east Devon & his ally John Cole had other ideas. With the king Henry V (1413-1422) on their side Baron Sir John's choice, Edward, was set aside and the newly minted Sir Thomas got the Barony by way of the rights of his new wife Joanna
By bullying Sir John's widow Joan de Merton they got her to give up her dower rights & control of the Pomeroy property . After this they pursued numerous dubious claims against Edward Pomeroy.
Even after Sir Thomas was firmly the Baron of Berry Pomery the angry exchanges continued until the Kings Council took a hand. After that both sides were required to undertake not to molest one another, on pain of £100 fines. In February 1418, by advice of the King’s Council , Tregony was placed in the custody of Sir John Arundell of Lanherne ‘to avoid riots and other evils and inconveniences which may easily arise’,
Thomas ultimately failed in his ambition to have the Pomeroy Barony line descend from him , he died childless and in 1426 Edward finally received his rightful inheritance
The Pomeroy estates brought together in their entirety in Edward’s hands were quite extensive,
although no complete financial assessment has survived.
The Issue of Edward & Margaret were
1st son Edward died the same year as his father without heirs - called "son and heir" in his IMP in 1446
2nd son was the 10th HENRY POMEROY born about 1416 died 1446
Henry was age 30 when his father Edward died in 1446 -He 1st married Alice Ralegh
His 2nd marriage was to Anna Camell widow of Henry Barrett & also Thomas Gyle of Dartmouth.
Anna gave Baron Henry a son Henry born 1481 .
3rd son Nicholas born about 1420. to 1479 1st wife unknown name gave him a son , Andrew, who got Collaton Manor
His 2nd wife Agnes died without issue. and after his death married John Appleton.
4th John of the cadet line at Tregony, whose wife & marriage are unknown ;
issue included Robert (d 1517 ) who married to Elizabeth Beaumont daughter of John Beaumont
She brought the Manor of Ingsdon in Ilsington parish into the family, making it a third cadet line for the Pomeroy family.
Daughter Elizabeth married William Barnhowse of Kingston in Staverton
Daughter Margaret married John Trenrith.of Fentongollan in St. Michael Penkivel
1433-1443 manor court of Tregony of Edward Pomeray, father of the wife of the said John Trenewith, Cornwall
Date 1433-1443, more likely 1467-1472 - found 1427 IPM Ralph Trenewith here
Heir to John was Ralph TRENEWITH II (d.1427), of Fentongollan in St. Michael Penkivel . lord of the manor of 'Trenewith and Trewishannes' in right of his wife.....Ralph died on 15 August 1427. His son John age 24 was next heir. .
Daughter Agnes who married at least twice
1st to Robert Budockshide when she was about 14 they had 3 children
William Budockshide 2nd son
Joanna who married Thomas Chiverton
Thomas Budockshide son and heir who married Margeret Hallwell
whose son Anthony married Elizabeth Strowde dau of William Strowde of Parnham
their son Roger Budockshide married Frances Champenowne & died 1576
their daughter Winifred married William Gorges later Sir Wiiliam
their daughter Agnes married Oliver Hill of Shilston
Robert Budockashide died in about 1452 after which there is significant gap in Agnes Pomeroys history
but in 1478 the widowed Agnes married Nicholas Stukely whose first wife died in 1477 .
She gave him William Stukely 1478 & possibly 2 daughters. Nicolas died 27 May 1488 .
Daughter Anne who married George Maleverer, from Allerton Maleverer in the North riding of Yorkshire,
He died before her and records show she was dead by 1502 ,
A puzzle in the record dated 1511
Richard Maleverer of Allerton Maleverer, esq., & his brother George Maleverer
Sir Richard Malevever wife Joan Plumpton in Yorks & brother George 1511 3 generations later
Some documents give Anne as daughter of Edward & Margaret & sister of Richard St Clere & Thomas . Yorkshire visitations gives her as daughter of Thomas . Dates suggest the former is correct
Edward Pomeroy died in 1446 his Cornish land holdings are listed here.
his widow MargaretBeville Lady Pomeroy died in 1461
After her husband Edward's death in 1446 Lady Margaret 's dower lands were assigned in the presence of Henry Pomeray, esquire , son and heir of Edward.
[CCR 1441–6, p. 328] [Dorse:]
The escheator took her oath & certified the king that on the above date he assigned the following as dower from Edward’s lands in Devon.
Stockleigh Pomeroy, 7 messuages, 300 a. land, 13 a. meadow, and 6 a. wood, in the manor [values not specifed].
C 139/122/37a mm. 1–2
Devon Record Office 3799M-0/ET/17/1 1451 Deed of gift
1. Margaret of la Pomeray, widow
2. William Bourchier knt., lord Fitz Waryn, Henry Pomeray esq., Thomas Mannying clerk, Nicholas Pomeray esq., John Southcote and John Wode
Premises: 1.'s manor of Berkedon (Barkingdon) and all the messuages, lands, tenements, reversions, rents and services which 1. has in Berkedon, Sperkwyll, Berkedon Hoke, Aylescote and Southdon
Witnesses: Henry Crokke, John Brussheforde, Richard Tukker, Geoffrey Veale, Henry Southcote, Henry Noreys, Thomas Tassell
Date: Monday after the feast of St Michael the Archangel, 30 Henry VI 1451.
Baron Sir Henry Pomeroy of Berry Pomeroy married 1st Alice Raleigh of Fardell in about 1436 who have him all his 6 of his children probably in the 2 decades after their marriage 1437 -1448.
his 2nd wife was Anna Camel widow of Henry Barrett Esq, of Whiteparish in Wilts by whom had she one daughter, Joanna Barrett;
2nd marriage was to Thomas Gylle of Hacche Arundell (Hatch ) near Loddiswell in South Hams who deid in about 1472
lastly she married Henry Pomeroy in 1478 but died 3 years later in 1481 apparently without surviving children
Having puzzled as to why Anna Camell had one child despite three husbands I am led to surmise that it might be was because girls were often married off when they were little more than children. At the age of 11 or 12, when they entered puberty & were considered marriageable - the damage pregnancy at that age can do to undeveloped bodies could / can be catastrophic. Much like today in places like India where little girls are married to men much older than themselves and become pregnant. Ladies like Lady Margaret Beaufort, mother of Henry Tudor, was 12 when she had him and apparently suffered a difficult & prolonged childbirth. The damage this did /does to such a young body meant they could have no further children. QED
Henry's children by Alice Raleigh were
1) St Clere born 1440's was married 1462 to Katherine Courtenay and had no living children . He fought at the Battle of Tewkesbury on 4th May 1471 the Lancastrian side and apparently died of his wounds later in May possibly in the Abbey infirmary . Ive been unable to confirm one way of the other.
2) 2nd son Richard became heir after his brother's death . Was he his older brother companionat Arms in this Civil War ? He 1st married Dame Alice in the decade of 1460's . His 2nd wife, circa 1475, was Elizabeth Densill who had been married to Sir Martin Fortescue & widowed in 1472. Son Edward born 1478
3) son Thomas who married Alice Kelloway and had children
4) John about whom Vivian says nothing - was Andrew son of this son?
5) Elizabeth who married Humphrey Courtenay and had children
6) Agnes/Ann Pomeroy born circa 1447 named in her brother Richard's will of 1496, married at least 3 times .
1st Robert Budockshide, 2nd Nicholas Stukely and 3rd marriage to George Maleverer who died before she did.
She had children by her first 2 husbands.
Sir Richard Pomeroy may have married twice. born circa 1440 he died in 1496
In about 1460 he married Dame Anne .There may have been children but we have no record of them thus far.
Sir Richard married a second time in about 1473. His 2nd wife was Elizabeth Densill only daughter & heir of the very wealthy merchant & ship owner Richard Densill 1st married 10 Sep 1454 to Martin Fortescue of Filleigh & widowed in 1472.
Richard Pomeroy became heir in 1471 married Elizabeth Fortescue nee Densill in about 1472 & became Baron on his fathers death in July 1487. He was knighted in November 1487 with his younger brother Thomas at the coronation of Henry VII's queen, the Princess Elizabeth of York; died 1496
They had 2 sons and 2 daughters of record
Edward the heir who married Johanna Sapcot who took the title after his father died in 1496
Thomas of Corscombe who died apparently unmarried in 1508
Richard's daughters by 2nd wife Elizabeth Densill, are mentioned in his will ;
Blanche who married an unknown spouse & had a son also unnamed ; She is mentioned as a daughter her father's Will, but its possible she was a daughter in law , daughter by marriage.
Elizabeth who married William Barnhouse of Kingston in Staverton near Totnes and had children
Devon Record Office 3799M-0/F/1 1495 Contents: Grant to Richard Pomeray by Margaret, Countess of Richmond ( mother of King Henry VII ) of the wardship and marriage of James Pomeray son of Andrew Pomeray deceased -
Sir Richard, son of Henry & Alice, baron Berry Pomeroy from 1481-1496 might have applied for wardship and marriage of James Pomeroy of Collaton soon after the death of Andrew. This was to protect the child and to keep his inheritance safe until James was of age. The younger son called John became James heir.
Powley gives us a James Pomeroy d 1513 and John is mentioned in records related to the Manor of Collaton.
KEW has IPM 1514 for James Pomeroy
Records of the Exchequer, and its related bodies, with those of the Office of First Fruits and Tenths, and the Court of Augmentations/ Division within E Records of the King's Remembrancer
E 150 Exchequer: King's Remembrancer: Escheators' Files,
Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series II, and other Inquisitions, Henry VII to Elizabeth I/ E 150/153
Pomeroy, James: Devon Covering dates 5 Hen VIII. 1514
Held by The National Archives, Kew Legal status Public
Was this the cause of a later legal wrangle between William & John over at the barton in Collaton Manor
08/177/2 Plymouth and West Devon Record Office 1424 THIS MAY HAVE BEEN WRONGLY TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN
Contents: Transfer of one COLLATON messuage at Newton Ferrers on the death of Richard Andrew.
( presumably the lease holder )
10 Sept 1461, Staverton near Totnes
Contents: Transfer of one messuage at Newton Ferrers, Devon on the death of Richard Andrew to John Pomeray.
This transfer happened on the death of Margaret Beville Pomeroy on 10 Sept 1461 widow of Sir Edward & of Berry Pomeroy
A2A JAMES son of Andrew born about 1490 inherited Collaton estates from his father & died age 23 in France in 1514.
308/177/4 1514 held at Plymouth and West Devon Record Office
Contents:Feoffment (feoffment or enfeoffment was the deed by which a person was given land in exchange for a pledge of service.
The common law of estates in land grew from this concept.)
1 John Pomeroy, brother and heir of Jacob Pomeroy
2 William Carew, esq, William Mordant, Robert Latymer, Robert Strode, Humfry Ardys, Thomas Nethercott and Richard Harward
Messuage and tenement in Newton Ferrers
This was the year that James/Jacob, brother of John, died age 23 whilst on military service in France
Reference: 308/177/3 1514
Description: Gift
1 Edward Wylingheby, Antony Buttyshead, knight and Simon Maynard, gent
2 John Pomeroy
Messuage at Collaton, in Newton Ferrers Date: 26 June 1514
Held by: Plymouth and West Devon Record Office, Language: English
Date of marriage of John is unknown , his only child appears to be Andrew (senior) and by 1518 John Pomeroy was dead, at the age of about 24. His widow Johane Strowde married again - her 2nd husband was Lewis Perkyn.
A slender ancient connecting strand
John Parkyn married in Dymock 1542 to Elenor Howard -
curiously Anne Wykes widow Artur who married Richard Pomeroy of Totnes widower of Elenor Coker in 1544 . She died in 1574 in Dymock at the home of her sister in law ,Margaret wife of Roger Porter of Llantony Priory in 1574
Lewis Parkyn 2nd husband of Johane Pomeroy nee Strowde of Collaton Manor in Newton Ferrers near Plymouth in Devon.
I could find no trace of Lewis Parkyn in Devon BUT there was this later Parkyn in Dymock .
Connected but not yet completely explainable
799M-0/F/1 1495 at DRO
Contents: Grant to Richard Pomeray by Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond ( mother of King Henry VII) of the wardship and marriage of James Pomeray son of Andrew Pomeray deceased-
This is Andrew the elder; his grandson was Andrew ( senior) of Collaton who died in 1581 - I have IPM for that date.
We have a 1486 record of Harry (Henry ) POMEROY and Richard POMEROY of Berry POMEROY squires, re Margaret Bevilles properties and refers to Harry/Henry as Margaret's son and Richard Pomeroy.
after Richard Death in 1496
Ref C 1/207/80 William Harrys v. The abbot of Tavistock: Detention by John Clement, monk, of an obligation given to complainant by Sir Richard Pomeroy, knight, deceased, granting to him the office of bailiff of Tregony, from which he has been ejected by Dame Anne, late the wife of Sir Richard.: Devon. Dated 1493-1500
1496
To the escheator in Devon. Order in presence of the next friends of RICHARD SON OF RICHARD POMEROY knight , to assign dower to Elizabeth late wife of Sir Richard, having taken of her an oath etc.
Richard & Elizabeth did not have a son Richard ergo he must have been son of Richard and Anne his 1st wife
The daughters of Alice Raleigh & Henry Pomeroy were
Elizabeth who was married to Humphrey Courtenay and had children John, Philip, Elizabeth & Joan Marwood
Agnes/ Anne Pomeroy dau of Henry Pomeroy and Alice Raleigh married
1st Robert Budockshide she was about 16 or 17 if she was born circa 1431;
Robert Budochshide died 1452 age about 35
They had children
Elisabeth, married John Amidas, of Plymouth,
Phillip Budokeside died without issue.
Thomas Budockshide married Margaret Halwell, daughter of Sir John Halwell.
Agnes Budockshide born at Budhead Manorin St. Budeaux, ; married to Oliver Hill b: Abt 1518 in Shilston, Devon, had 6 children
Winifred Budockshide married William Gorges
Robert Budockshide died in about 1452 and her next marriage was 25 years later after 1477
2nd recorded husband was Nicholas Stukely whose first wife died in 1477. He died 27 May 1488
They had a son William Stukely born about 1479 and two daughters
Ann Pomeroy's final marriage was to George Maleverer after 1488 age about 57
He died before 1502 & Annes survived this husband to die at the age of about 70 in 1502
EDWARD son of Richard Pomeroy & his 2nd wife Elizabeth Densil born about 1478 the heir ,was of age when his father died in 1496 and he inherited the title- married Johanna Sapcott had issue and died in 1538 continuing the Caput line at Berry Pomoroy Castle
Maleverer
MALEVERER This name appears on the Battle Abbey Roll
Sir Richard Mauleverer, Knight, came into England with the Conqueror, and was constituted Master or Ranger of the Forests, Chases, and Parks north of the Trent. He was founder of the family of MAULEVERER of Arncliffe, co. Yorks
This was an ancient Yorkshire Family seated at Allerton Castle
Court of Chancery: Six Clerks Office: Early Procee... C 1/335/27
Anne, late the wife of George Maleverer, esquire, and sister of Richard Pomerey, knight. v. Edmund Carewe, knight, and William Wadham.: Claim reviving the suit in Chancery for her jointure in the manors of Treveniell, Trevynnek, Beaworthy, and Colway, Date: 1504 - 1515
Yorkshire Visitations give her as daughter of Thomas Pomeroy . This is incorrect She was sister to Sir Thomas d 1493 & Baron Sir Richard d 1496
Weston Hall Records - The National Archives | Access to Archives
www.nationalarchives.gov.uk ›
By Richard Maleverer of Allerton Maleverer, esq., to George Maleverer his brother ...
Grant WYL639/140 13 Apr 1511 Docs held at West Yorkshire Archive Service, Leeds
Contents: By Richard Maleverer of Allerton Maleverer, esq., to George Maleverer his brother of a large close in Newton near Flasby called Newton Close and a smaller close adjacent of the annual value of 4 marks to hold them for the life of the said George
Anne, late the wife of George Maleverer, esquire, & sister of Richard Pomerey, knight. Edmund Carewe, knight and William Wadham
The memorial to Lady Catherine Courtenay and her 3rd Husband
2nd she married Sir Thomas Rogers
Her 3rd marriage to Sir william Huddersfield
Vivians Visitations of Pomeroy state Catherine was widow of Rogers when she married Pomeroy and after his death she married Huddersfield Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 18th edition. 3 volumes. London, England: Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1965-1972.
BUT the dates don't work
Catherine's 1st marriage at the age of about 15 , on 22 Sept 1462 was to Sir St Clere Pomeroy
He died in May 1471 after the Battle of Tewkesbury
2nd Marriage Thomas Rogers Esq. — married February 1483 he d 1489
Children George Rogers b circa 1476
Inq. p.m. 7 Hen. VIII, No. 14: George Rogers, her son and heir, aged 30 years and more. ( 1509 + 7 =1516 - 30 = B 1486). Born: Abt 1485, at Bradford On Avon, Wiltshire, Died: 1524 Buried: Thruxton, Hampshire
Thomas Rogers senior never claimed the property of his father so it went to his sister. Thomas went to Oxford University and then took up the law. He settled in Wiltshire where he became an honourable and distinguished lawyer. In 1478 age 43 years old he was created Serviens ad Legem, a life office bestowed because of professional attainments and worth of character. He was a great influence in his community and amassed a considerable fortune. He was appointed Sergeant-at-Law, a barrister, shortly before his first marriage. A son William was born of this marriage and after the death of his first wife, he married Catherine de Courtenay in 1483. He died 1489
3rd marriage in 1477 was toSir William Huddesfield by whom she had a son and 2 daughters before he died Feb 1499 at Deritend, Aston, Warwickshire,
Issue Elizabeth (Huddesfield) Poyntz,
Huddersfield was Attorney General to King Edward IV. His monumental brass shown here is in Shillingford Church (with a copy rubbing framed in Powderham Castle Chapel) showing him dressed as a knight in armour, with sword and spurs. He is bare-headed, and wears over his armour a tabard, on which is embroidered the arms of Huddesfield:
Catherine died on 12 Jan 1514/5 in Shillingford, Devonshire.
Devon Record Office 3799M-0/ET/24/9 1486 held at Devon Record Office Contents: Covenant
1. Harry Henry Pomeray and Richard Pomeray of Berry Pomeroy squires
2. Thomas Worthe of Worthe, squire.
Thomas Worthe agrees to be at Exeter the Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday before St Hilary (January 13)or at Berry Pomeroy the Thursday or Friday after St Hilary to convey to Richard and the heirs of his body all the parcels and lands in the manor of Wolfyston (Wolstone) in Cornwall lying by the north side of the highway between the oxenhows yeat and Poundstoke, that is a mead called Langham with those closes called Northeparke, Conyng, Weteley, Lombardy, Strifeacr., Whetersh meed and Ryspet and with all their tenements called Crowthorn Moore and Kenacote.
Harry Pomeray and Richard Pomeray. are to release to Thomas Worthe and the heirs of his body all their title to the mansion place of Wolfyston ( Wolstone - Beville property) with the beere, colverhay, orchards and gardens around it, with their parcels and closes there called Towneplace, Chapelparke, Sywneparke, Oxenparke, Yeawthorne, Woodparke, Yeerdparke, Yeerdhayes and Blakedonparke, and with all their tenements called Conkesburgh and Fullescroft with 12/- of rent due yearly to the said manor, provided that Thomas Worthe. shall maintain the ditch between Northeparke, Langham and the colverhay and beere.
Harry Pomeray and Richard Pomeray and Thomas Worthe are to sell the wood between heel land and Woodparke and share the value between them.
Richard is to pay half the costs of copying the Woodaye and for half the damages of the Woodparke 'defouled' at the time of the 'saal and outsettyng'. Richard is to receive all the rents from 2.'s lands until the next feast of Lammas, and for that will bear all costs of the actions against Sir William Stonor taken against Thomas Worthe. until the next feast of Lammas..
Harry Pomeray and Richard Pomeray also covenant to Thomas Worthe that they will no longer disseise him of his possession of the manor of Berkedon in the parish of Staverton until the time that Harry Pomeray and Richard Pomeray. can show any evidence proving that Margaret Pomeroy, Harry's mother, had in her widowhood any right to the manor by descent from John Beville
Date: London, 26th November, 2 Henry VII - 1487 Written in English
notes and researches
During the early 15th Century the senior branch of the Courtenay family were at feud with the family of Bonville for control of the West Country, but it appears that Sir Philip Courtenay of Powderham was friendly with Sir William Bonville of Shute ( since his son William married Margaret Bonville) and this brought upon him the wrath of Thomas Courtenay, 5th Earl, who laid siege to Powderham Castle for seven weeks in 1455 but failed to gain possession.
During the Wars of the Roses the senior branches of the Courtenay family adhered to the House of Lancaster - probably because the Bonvilles were on the other side - but there is evidence that Sir Philip Courtenay of Powderham was a Yorkist.
Thomas Courtenay, 6th Earl of Devon, was captured, attainted (i.e. his titles forfeited) and beheaded after the battle of Towton near York in 1461.
His younger brother, Sir Henry of Topsham, regained some of the estates, but was debarred from inheriting the title due to the attainder, and was himself beheaded for treason in 1467; the youngest brother, John, who was restored to the Earldom in 1470, was killed at the battle of Tewkesbury in 1471. This was the end of the senior Courtenay line.
CONNECTIONS
Elizabeth Densill 2nd wife o Richard was daughter of a Courtenay
Phillip COURTENAY of Powderham and Molland (Sir) Born: ABT 1404 Died: 16 Dec 1463 son of Sir John COURTENAY by Joan CHAMPERNOWNE.
Married: Elizabeth HUNGERFORD ABT 1425 daughter of Walter Hungerford of Hungerford, Somerset she died 14 DEC 1476 at Powderham, Devonshire,
Children:
1. Anne COURTENAY
2. Elizabeth COURTENAY
3. Phillippa COURTENAY
4. Catherine COURTENAY married to St Clere Pomeroy brother of Richard & Thomas
5. Sir William COURTENAY of Powderham married Margaret Bonville
6. Peter COURTENAY (Bishop of Exeter and Winchester)
7. Sir Phillip COURTENAY of Molland
8. Sir Walter COURTENAY
9. Humphrey COURTENAY married to Elizabeth Pomeroy sister of Thomas who married Agnes Kalloway
10. Edmund COURTENAY of Deviock
11. Sir John COURTENAY
Historical Notes
1480 ◦ 1 August – Treaty of Perpetual Friendship between England and Burgundy.
◦ Magdalen College School, Oxford, established by William Waynflete.
1481 ◦ Printer William Caxton publishes The Historie of Reynart the Foxe, the first English edition of the tale, and also his 1480 translation of Mirrour of the Worlde, the first book printed in England to include woodcut illustrations.
1482 ◦ June – Richard, Duke of Gloucester invades Scotland and captures Edinburgh.
◦ 24 August – capture of Berwick: Scots surrender Berwick-upon-Tweed to Richard, ending his campaign .Thereafter the town remains permanently English
◦ Act concerning Swans sets out that swans are the property of the monarch (or those given permission by him to own them).
1483 January – Act of Apparel, a sumptuary law, is passed.
◦ 9 April – following the death of Edward IV, the 12-year-old Edward V becomes king with his uncle the Duke of Gloucester acting as Lord Protector.
◦ 13 June – summary execution at the Tower of London of William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings for allegedly conspiring against the new Protector's life.
◦ 26 June – Richard becomes Richard III after Edward V is declared to be illegitimate by Parliament.
◦ 6 July – coronation of Richard III at Westminster Abbey following a procession on the Thames.
◦ Late Summer – disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York.
◦ 8 September – Edward of Middleham is invested as Prince of Wales by his father the king at the Archbishop's Palace in York.
◦ October – a rebellion by Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham is crushed by Richard III
◦ 2 November – Henry Stafford executed at Salisbury.
◦ Printer William Caxton publishes his English translation of the Golden Legend, his most popular publication.
1484 ◦ January – Parliament passes the act Titulus Regius.
◦ 2 March – a royal charter is granted to the College of Arms, the official English heraldic authority, established in London.
◦ July – Richard III establishes a judicial Council of the North
◦ 21 September – Treaty of Nottingham: three-year truce between England and Scotland signed.
1485 ◦ 31 July – Thomas Malory's 1470 book Le Morte d'Arthur published by Caxton.
◦ August – start of serious outbreak of sweating sickness.
◦ 22 August Wars of the Roses: Battle of Bosworth Field is fought between the armies of King Richard III and rival claimant to the throne Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond. Richard dies in battle and Henry becomes King Henry VII of England, ending the Middle Ages in England and beginning of the Tudor dynasty.
▪ Creation of the Yeomen of the Guard.
◦ 30 October – coronation of Henry VII at Westminster Abbey.
1486 18 January – marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York uniting the House of Lancaster and the House of York
◦ April – Henry defeats the Stafford and Lovell Rebellion.
◦ 20 September – birth of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York's 1st son, Arthur at Winchester.
1487 24 May – Lambert Simnel is crowned King "Edward VI of England" in Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin, Ireland. He claims to be Edward, Earl of Warwick and on 5 June lands in Furness with an army to challenge Henry VII for the throne.
◦ 16 June – Wars of the Roses: at the Battle of Stoke Field, the final battle of the conflict, the rebellion of pretender Lambert Simnel, led by John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln & Francis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell, is crushed by troops loyal to Henry VII.
◦ 25 November – coronation of Elizabeth of York as Queen consort of England.
Richard Pomeroy & his brother Thomas knighted with others at that time
1488 The price of knitted woollen hats is fixed by law
In 1571, Parliament passed a law forcing all non-nobles to wear a wool cap on Sundays and holy days. Lawbreakers were fined 3-farthings (a farthing was 1/4 of a penny)
