The Nature of Random. The Dice Conceit.
This essay examines the human perception of randomness through an example of an object considered to be random by human beings. A Dice.
It examines definitions, classical definition of randomness, quantum definition of randomness, probability definition of randomness, idealised systems, manufactured dice, idealized dice and dice as past history.
Finally conclusions are drawn.
Definitions
Conceit.
‘Conceiving’ a ‘deceit’ a ‘notion’, ‘an ingenious or fanciful comparison or metaphor.’
Source: https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#safe=strict&q=conceit&spf=1498914254976
Random
‘made, done, or happening without method or conscious decision.’
Source: https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#safe=strict&q=def+random&spf=1500717004662
‘Statistics. of or characterizing a process of selection in which each item of a set has an equal probability of being chosen.’
Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/random
Randomness is the lack of pattern or predictability in events.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomness
Classical Definition of Randomness
Things only appear random because not all of the things influencing them are known to the observer.
Quantum Definition of Randomness
All possible things exist and occur as an interacting and entangling waveforms of probabilities on a tensor grid of coordinates and physical probabilities called space time as a superposition.
When an observer senses and then measures the waveform of probability collapses at the coordinates and physical description of the observation.
Only the outcomes on the tensor grid of coordinates and physical probabilities at the location of the observation can be sensed and measured due to the limitations of human senses.
The universe is therefore sensed as fundamentally random by humans until previous patterns; known outcomes; are examined or additional measurements are taken.
Humans; by observing; alter the state of the observable Universe they sense.
Probability Definition of Randomness.
‘The probability of an event is the measure of the chance that the event will occur as a result of an experiment. The probability of an event A is the number of ways event A can occur divided by the total number of possible outcomes.’
Source: www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/vol6/intro_probability.html
Probability in mathematics is the measurement that an event will occur. It is a designed method.
The outcome is calculated by repetitive testing of idealised mathematics, geometry and materials.
Probability requires prior knowledge about all of a systems components before it can be used or be regarded as accurate.
Probability as a method is not random but it predicts the level of randomness.
Idealised Systems
In the Observable Universe nothing exists in isolation. Everything is interacting and entangling constantly.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_entanglement
Source: https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/entanglement-spooky-not-action-distance
Probability in nature is fundamentally random.
It is subject to environmental variations.
It is subject to quantum variations.
It is related to decay.
It is linked to quantum interactions at each location of use.
An idealised mathematical system can only by examined by human beings or machines created by humans within the Observable Universe. Idealised systems are in contact with the Observable Universe and are interacting and entangled constantly.
Therefore idealised systems are random in nature.
Manufactured Dice
Dice are manufactured for gaming and divination.
The standard dice is a cube of six sides and six numbers. 1 through to 6. One number per side.
There are right handed and left handed versions of dice. The numeral 3 and 4 interchange position in each case and the other numbers remain in the same relative location to the whole dice and each other.
Dice are manufactured with variations in the dimensions, edge accuracy, corner variation, density, mass, volume, material, and location, depth and colour of the dots or pips on each face.
There are non-precision dice; for general games or toys; and precision manufactured dice for casinos.
Casino and professional game dice are manufactured in a controlled process that ensures that their materials, density, mass, volume, dimensions and center of gravity vary as little as possible.
All professional casino and game dice are stamped with a serial number to prevent a die being falsely substituted to alter the outcome of a game.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dice#History
Dice are non-random, ideas, designs and manufactured products.
They are conceived, designed and deliberately manufactured to achieve a specific outcome.
They are however subject to environmental variations.
They are subject to quantum variations.
The materials they are formed from decay.
The nature of their use means that they become linked to quantum interactions at their location of use.
Dice are therefore non-random and also random.
Humans choose to believe that manufactured dice are only random. They choose to believe in a conceit.
Idealized Dice.
Given the number of sides and numbers on a dice as an idealized symmetrical system there are 6 possible outcomes; probabilities; when a dice is rolled.
Source: https://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/DevelopmentalMath/TEXTGROUP-1-8_RESOURCE/U08_L4_T1_text_final.html
Allowing for a probability scale where 0 is impossible and 1 is certain.
The probability of rolling an even or an odd number is 0.5
The probability of rolling the same number twice in two throws is 0.02
Source:https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1181129/why-are-the-probability-of-rolling-the-same-number-twice-and-the-probability-of
The probability of rolling an even or an odd number twice in two throws is 0.11
Idealised Dice are therefore non-random since their nature is deliberately pre-determined by idealised mathematical systems and all of their possible outcomes are predictable and quantifiable.
Humans choose to believe in idealised dice as a non-random method of calculating randomness.
They choose to believe in a conceit.
Dice as Past History.
Dice are objects that produce a set of interactions and outcomes.
Humans can only observe any of these interactions or outcomes in the past tense relative to the speed of light in a pure vacuum. Therefore humans conceive of, design, manufacture and use dice only in the past relative to the speed of light in a pure vacuum through the limits of their senses.
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-048 ---the chemical biosynthesis of architecture
Source:https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-145---the-universal-delay-to-human-sensing-
and-forming-of-reality
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-155---the-4d-hologram-of-reality
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-173---architecture-as-idea-and-energy
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-179---dysfunctional
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-182---the-architecture-of-perceived-space
Source:https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-184---the-remains-of-architecture
Source:https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-186---the-human-response-to-the-architecture-of-the-observable-Observable Universe
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-187---the-scale-interpretation
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-190---the-change-to-a-virtual-human-society
Source: https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles/home/article-194---the-fundamental-holographic-architecture
The human perception of the nature of dice outcomes is a conceit since the dice outcome has already occurred before humans sense it.
Conclusion
Dice as agreed, believed, known, manufactured, probability systems, idealized systems or past history are therefore both random and non-random depending on the observers pre-determined belief and knowledge and conceits about their idea, design, manufacture, use and outcome.
Ian K Whittaker
Websites:
https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles
Email: iankwhittaker@gmail.com
24/07/2017
14/10/2020
1042 words over 3 pages