The Scale of Human Perception
This essay sets out to establish a combined scale of human perception.
It examines the senses of Sight, Touch, Hearing, Smell and Taste in turn and then combines them in a scale of perception in relation to universal constants and the time delay for each sense to activate in relation to the speed of light.
Femtometers , a unit of 10 -15 meters, are used as the unit of scale.
Sight
Sight is formed from the visible light frequencies.
These are the components of visible light.
Colour Wavelength Frequency Photon energy
violet 380–450 nm 668–789 THz 2.75–3.26 eV
blue 450–495 nm 606–668 THz 2.50–2.75 eV
green 495–570 nm 526–606 THz 2.17–2.50 eV
yellow 570–590 nm 508–526 THz 2.10–2.17 eV
orange 590–620 nm 484–508 THz 2.00–2.10 eV
red 620–750 nm 400–484 THz 1.65–2.00 eV
Source: Thomas J. Bruno, Paris D. N. Svoronos. CRC Handbook of Fundamental Spectroscopic Correlation Charts. CRC Press, 2005. and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrum
Source: Thomas J. Bruno, Paris D. N. Svoronos. CRC Handbook of Fundamental Spectroscopic Correlation Charts. CRC Press, 2005. and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrum
Source for 510 nanometres is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_threshold
Thresholds of Vision
= 380 nm = 380,000,000 fm
= 750 nm = 780,000,000 fm
Touch
Touch can be detected down to 13 nanometers in amplitude and 760 nanometers in wavelength.
= 13,000,000 fm in amplitude and 760,000,000 fm in wavelength.
Source: RealClearScience Journal Club Science Figures Interpreted and Analyzed by RealClearScience Human Touch Sensitivity Extends to Nanoscale By Ross Pomeroy - September 13, 2013 and September 12th release of Nature's Scientific Reports.
Hearing
Hearing sensitivity is from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz at 300 m / sec
In Hz the same comparison at 300 m/ s produces
= 20 Hz at 300 m / sec
= a wavelength of 16.6m
= 16,500,000,000,000,000 fm
= 20,000 Hz at 300 m / sec
= a wavelength of 0.0165m
= 16,500,000,000,000 fm
Smell
Vertebrate olfactory senses involve sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium. The ratios of two areas of different cell types indicates a sensitivity of olfactory ability.
The human ability is at 10cm2 of epithelium.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfaction
= 10 cm2
= 3.16 cm x 3.16 cm
= 31,600,000,000,000 fm x 31,600,000,000,000 fm
Taste
Humans have between 2000 and 5000 taste buds.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste
The Human tongue length is 79 mm to 85 mm. 82mm average
Source: 1967 study by GB Hopkin at the Orthodontic department of the University of Edinburgh's dental school and BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-29144165
Allowing a 5 to 50 mm width,
= Area of a human tongue = 2050 mm2 / 5000
= if they are considered evenly spaced then
= 1 taste bud per 0.41mm2
= 1 taste bud approx. every 0.7nm
= 1 taste bud approx. every 700,000 fm
The Combined Scale of Human Perception
These are the list from each of the senses in femtometers and the time delay due to the speed of light in sensing them.
The speed of light in a vacuum = 299,792,458,000,000,000,000,000 fm
Mean distance between the
Earth and the Sun = 150,000,000,000,000,000 fm
Hearing Perception at 20 Hz = 16,500,000,000,000,000 fm
= 0.000000055 seconds delay
Equatorial diameter of the Earth = 12,756,000,000,000,000 fm
Human Smell Perception = 31,600,000,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000001 seconds delay
Hearing Perception at 20,000 Hz = 16,500,000,000,000 fm
=0.000000000055 seconds delay
Human Hair thickness = 75,000,000,000 fm
= 0.00000000000025 seconds delay
Human Red Blood Cell Threshold = 9,000,000,000 fm
= 0.000000000000030 seconds delay
Bacterial Threshold = 1,000,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000033 seconds delay
Human Nerve Cell diameter threshold = 1,000,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000033 seconds delay
Vision Perception threshold = 780,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000026 seconds delay
Touch Perception of wavelength = 760,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000025 seconds delay
Globular Protein threshold = 400,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000013 seconds delay
Vision Perception threshold = 380,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000013 seconds delay
Large virus threshold =120,000,000 fm
= 0.000000000000000040 seconds
delay
Nanotechnology Quantum Realm
of Perception = 100,000,000 fm
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_realm
=0.00000000000000033 seconds delay
Diameter of a DNA Helix threshold = 100,000,000 fm
= 0.00000000000000033 seconds
delay
Touch Perception of amplitude = 13,000,000 fm
= 0.0000000000000000433 seconds delay
Amino Acid threshold = 800,000 fm
= 0.00000000000000000267 seconds
delay
Taste Perception = 700,000 fm
= 0.00000000000000000233 seconds
delay
Atom nucleus threshold = 100,000 fm
Carbon atom = 70,000 fm
Nitrogen atom = 65,000 fm
Oxygen atom = 60,000 fm
Hydrogen atom = 25,000 fm
Weak Nuclear force range = 10 fm
Electron charge radius = 2.81794 fm
Proton Charge radius = 0.8 fm
Neutron radius = 0.3 to 0.5 fm
Quark limit = 0.001 fm
Measurement limit = 0.001 fm
Neutrino radius = 0.00000002 fm
1 planck length threshold = 0.000000000000000000001616 fm
Hypothetical string limit
= 0.000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000053 seconds
delay
Of the 5 senses the majority are above the Nanotechnology, Quantum Realm level.
This limits human sensing below the Quantum Realm to touch perception of amplitude and taste perception.
Each human sense is also delayed when compared against the speed of light.
This places each sense in a time dilation.
Humans sense by examining past events.
The Human is environmentally biased to sensing outside of the Quantum level and so examines anything at or below this level in measurements of uncertainty and probability in a time dilation.
The sequence of sensitivity from least to most sensitive is hearing at 20 Hz, smell, hearing at 20,000 Hz, visual in the red region of visible light, touch perception of wavelength, vision perception in the violet area of visible light, touch perception of amplitude and taste perception.
In terms of order of sensitivity human sense organs from least to most sensitive are ears, nose, ears, eyes, hands, feet and skin, eyes, hands, feet and skin, lips, mouth, tongue and throat.
Human senses range over a scale of 16,500,000,000,000,000 fm to 700,000 fm.
A magnitude of 23,571,428,571 fm.
This perception magnitude is fed into the human brain at a rate of 5 neuron firings per millisecond.
A total thought takes 300 to 700 milliseconds to be encoded, consolidated and retrieved in the human brain.
Each human thought travels between 400km to 10,000 km in the brain.
The speed of a thought through the whole brain is between 0.19% to 11% of the speed of light.
The total number of neurons in the human brain as 86,000,000,000 to 100,000,000,000.
The total number of synapse connections in the human brain as 100,000,000,000,000.
Source: Williams RW, Herrup K (1988). "The control of neuron number". Annual Review of Neuroscience 11 (1): 423–53.
Source: Azevedo FA, Carvalho LR, Grinberg LT et al. (April 2009). "Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain". The Journal of Comparative Neurology 513 (5): 532–41.
Source: Herculano-Houzel The human brain in numbers Frontiers in Human Neuroscience www.frontiersin.org November 2009 | Volume 3 | Article 31 | 10
This allows a ratio of potential sensory magnitude input to total number of connections to be established
= 23,571,428,571 fm to 100,000,000,000,000 connections.
= 1 femtometer of input could affect 4242 connections within the human brain.
= 0.000000000000001 metres of environmental input can affect 4242 connections within the human brain.
The human being is therefore deeply interacting with the universe at a classical sensory level and at a neuron electrochemical, atomic , Quantum, level within its brain.
This interaction can be further expressed to update existing terms in physics and analytical psychology.
Consciousness is humans sensing their environment at a classical mechanical level where the consequences of their thoughts and actions are apparent to them through their senses.
Unconsciousness is humans sensing their environment at a quantum mechanical level where the consequences of their thoughts and actions are not apparent to them through their senses.
Ian K Whittaker
Websites:
https://sites.google.com/site/architecturearticles
Email: iankwhittaker@gmail.com
27/04/2015
14/10/2020
1317 words over 5 pages