The dynamics and fluid sources of the LUSI mud volcano in East Java, Indonesia:
A multidisciplinary investigation of an active natural hazard
Hilairy Hartnett and Amanda Clarke, Arizona State University
A Cooperation between BPLS and ASU for Implementing in 2011
Abstract
LUSI is a mud volcano that is erupting in the urban center of Porong (East Java, Indonesia). Since May 2006, LUSI has emitted hot mud, steam and gas at rates up to 100,000 m3d-1 and has displaced over 40,000 people.
Despite the considerable economic, ecological and human impact of this event, the origin of the fluid that feeds LUSI is poorly understood and only superficially monitored.
The trigger for the eruption is unknown, it’s ongoing eruptive nature is poorly characterized and it’s future behavior can only be guessed at.
We propose a multidisciplinary effort to resolve two broad scientific issues:
1) what is the geologic and hydrologic origin of the water and gas at LUSI mud volcano?
2) how is LUSI evolving and what is the long-term outlook for the eruption?
Establishing the origin of the fluids erupting at LUSI is critical for determining the reservoir conditions controlling the eruption’s longevity and intensity.
We propose detailed chemical and isotopic analysis of the fluid (water/gas) emitted from LUSI and will compare their compositions with those of potential contributing source fluids: river water, seawater, shallow wells and aquifers, meteoric water, fumarole and hot spring fluids from nearby volcanoes (Penanggungan, Arjuno, Bromo/Tengger, Semeru) and, most importantly, pore fluids from underlying geological units at nearby out-crops.
By combining analytical techniques from aqueous/sedimentary geochemistry with monitoring philosophies and technologies from the field of volcanology our team will determine how the mud volcano is linked to the larger geo/hydrothermal system and develop the data necessary to assess and respond to future changes in the eruption.
Broader Impacts :
Beyond the basic scientific questions, this research will provide timely data that the Indonesian management and relief agency (BPLS) desperately needs—our results will have a direct effect on the tens of thousands of people who have been, and will continue to be, affected by this disaster.
Dinamika dan sumber-sumber fluida mud volcano LUSI di Jawa Timur, Indonesia:
Penyelidikan multidisiplin terhadap bencana alam aktif
Hilairy Hartnett dan Amanda Clarke, Arizona State University
Identifikasi LUSI
Dimana: LUSI adalah mud volcano yang menyembur di kawasan permukiman di kota Porong (Jawa Timur, Indonesia).
Karakteristik dan dampak:
Sejak Mei 2006, LUSI telah menyemburkan lumpur panas, uap dan gas dengan kecepatan semburan melebihi 100.000 m3/hari dan lebih dari 40.000 orang terpaksa harus diungsikan.
Asal mula fluida kurang diketahui: Meskipun dampak yang ditimbulkan dari peristiwa ini pada aspek ekonomi, ekologis dan manusia cukup besar, namun asal mula (origin) cairan sebagai penyusun utama LUSI sangat sedikit diketahui, dan hanya dipantau secara terbatas.
Pernyataan Usulan multidisiplin:
Kami mengusulkan suatu upaya multidisiplin untuk memperjelas dua masalah ilmiah yang luas:
1) Asal usul gas: Secara geologi dan hidrologi apa asal mula air dan gas dari mud volcano LUSI?
2) Perkembangan ke depan: Bagaimana perkembangan LUSI dan bagaimana pandangan jangka panjang (outook) dari semburan?
Kemanfaatan Intelektual :
Pentingnya menetapkan asal usul cairan:
Menetapkan asal mula cairan dari semburan LUSI (the origin of the fluids erupting at LUSI) sangat penting untuk menentukan kondisi reservoir (reservoir conditions) yang mengendalikan lama kehidupan dan intensitas semburan (eruption’s longevity and intensity).
Usulan analisis kimia dan isotop fluida dan gas dan analogi daerah sumber:
Kami mengusulkan analisis kimia dan isotop yang rinci (chemical and isotopic analysis) dari cairan (air/ gas) yang dipancarkan LUSI dan akan membandingkan komposisinya dengan sumber-sumber yang berpotensi memberikan kontribusi cairan, yaitu: air sungai, air laut, sumur dangkal (shallow wells and aquifers) dan akuifer, air meteorik, cairan fumarol (fumarole) dan mata air panas dari gunung berapi didekatnya (Penanggungan, Arjuno, Bromo/ Tengger, Semeru). Dan yang paling penting, cairan pori (pore fluids) dari satuan geologi yang ada di bawahnya (underlying geological). Contoh diambil pada singkapan-singkapan didekatnya