SREL Reprint #2048

Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage

Christopher L. Rowe1,2 and William A. Dunson1

1Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
2University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, South Carolina 29802, USA

Abstract: We used static outdoor mesocosms (155 l) to study the effects over 60 d of 3 levels of total fish density and 3 levels of salinity (1, 5, and 32 ppt) on growth and survival of juvenile fish (silversides Menidia beryllina, hereafter referred to as Menidia; and sheepshead minnows Cyprinodon variegatus, hereafter Cyprinodon) that are common to salt marsh pools of the eastern United States. Interactions between these 2 species and rainwater killifish Lucania parva (hereafter Lucania) were also examined. There was a general decline in the rate of growth and the percentage survival with increasing fish density. Salinity and density interacted significantly such that the percentage survival of Cyprinodon was lowest in the high salinity-high density treatment compared to most other treatments. It did not appear that Cyprinodon or Menidia interacted strongly with Lucania, since growth and survival of the former 2 species were independent of abundance of Lucania. Fish simultaneously maintained in permeable enclosures in the field generally had similar or lower rates of growth than those in mesocosms, indicating that conditions in the mesocosms were not inherently more stressful than conditions in natural salt marsh pools. It appears that this fish assemblage is regulated in part by both a biotic (density/competition) and an abiotic factor (salinity). We conclude that, under circumstances in which conditions are severe due to high total fish density, a level of salinity that appears to be otherwise inconsequential may have important implications for community structure by impacting survival of one species.

Keywords: Competition; Cyprinodon; Lucania; Menidia; Mesocosms

SREL Reprint #2048

Rowe, C.L. and W.A. Dunson. 1995. Individual and interactive effects of salinity and initial fish density on a salt marsh assemblage. Marine Ecology Progress Series 128:271-278.

This information was provided by the University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (srel.uga.edu).