SREL Reprint #3240

Antimicrobial Textiles

J. Vaun McArthur1, R. C. Tuckfield1, and C. Baker-Austin2

1Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
2Cefas, Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK

Abstract: Bacteria have evolved unique mechanisms that allow them survive in the presence of strong selection pressures. Included in these mechanisms is the ability to share genetic determinants among and between species of bacteria thus spreading metal or antibiotic resistance traits quickly. The textile industry in response to demand has developed antimicrobial fabrics by the addition of bactericidal compounds during production. Some of these antimicrobials include metal nanoparticles, quaternary ammonia compounds, and broad spectrum compounds like triclosan. Bacteria have already expressed resistance to each of these bactericides. Here we discuss the evolutionary and ecological consequences of antimicrobial textiles in terms of co-selection. We predict that continued use of such materials could result in increased and widespread resistance to specific antimicrobials, especially metals, with an increased resistance to antibiotics. Such increases have the potential to find their way into other bacterial populations of human pathogens leading to serious and unintended public health consequences.

Keywords: Antimicrobial textiles, Resistance, Nanoparticles, Evolutionary arms race, Heavy metals

SREL Reprint #3240

McArthur, J. V., R. C. Tuckfield, and C. Baker-Austin. 2012. Antimicrobial Textiles. pp. 135-152 In: A. R. M. Coates (Ed.). Antibiotic Resistance, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 211. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

This information was provided by the University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (srel.uga.edu).