Strangulation occurs through obstructed blood flow, most commonly because of closed loop obstruction.
*bowel wall thickening/layering/ehancement/lack of enhancement
* mesenteric oedema
*ascites
* serrated beak
* Pneumatosis intesnilais/ air in gall tree= infarction
(penumatosis can be seen in asymptomatic patients, COPD, steroid therapy)
Closed loop obstruction: dilatated loops with closed ends on both sides. First venous obstruction causing oedema and later arterial obstruction with infarction.
Midgut volvulus can happen in patients with malrotation* - beak like appearance(abrupt tapering). The sup mesenteric vein can be rotated away from its normal position to the right of the artery.
Rotation of mesentery can give a whirled appearance to mesenteric vessels( can also be a postoperative finding)
Transmesenteric and transomental herniation due to tear caused by prior surgery= most common cause of internal herniation. C or U configured small baowel loops against abdominal wall without interposed fat.
ISCHEMIA in the central obstruction has a similar appearance. But no mesenteric changes of obstruction. No radial arrangement of bowel.
Thrombus can me seen i SMA/SMV. U may see multiple organ infarctions.
Vasculitis can cause areas of transient ischemia.