“C”

cachinnō, cachinnāre, cachinnāvī, cachinnātum: to roar with laughter, chortle.

cacūminō, cacūmināre: to sharpen, make pointed.

cadāver, -eris, n.: a corpse.

cadō, cadere, cecidī, – : to fall.

Cadmus, -ī, m.: Cadmus; Cadmaeus, -a, -um: Cadmaean, of Cadmus.

cādūceus, -ī, m.: wand, herald’s staff, caduceus.

caecus, -a, -um: blind; blinding; invisible.

caedis, -is, f.: slaughter; murder.

caedō, caedere, caesī, caesum: slash, cut, slay.

caelātus, -a, -um: engraved.

caelestis, -e: heavenly, of the sky; caelestēs, -ium: the celestials, the gods.

caelum, -ī, n.: sky, heaven.

caenum, -ī, n.: dirt, filth, mire, stain.

caepa, -ae, f.: onion.

caeruleus, -a, -um: blue, sky-blue.

caesus, etc.: vid. caedō.

calamus, -ī, m.: reed.

calathus, -ī, m.: basket.

calceus, -ī, m.: shoe.

cadāver, -eris, n.: dead body, corpse.

calceus, -ī, m.: boot.

calefaciō, calefacere, calefēcī, calefactum: to heat, make hot.

cālīgō, ginis, f: mist, fog.

cālīgō, cālīgāre: to darken, become clouded.

calidus, -a. -um: hot.

callidus, -a. -um: clever, cunning, smart.

calliditās. -tātis, f.: cleverness, cunning.

calor, -ōris, m.: warmth, heat.

campus, -ī, m.: (uncultivated) field, plain.

candeō, candēre, canduī, - : to shine, glow white.

candidus, -a, -um: white (a gleaming white, as opposed to albus, flat white).

candor, -ōris, m: brightness, radiance.

canis, -is, m., f.: dog.

canna, -ae, f.: a reed, cane.

canō, canere, cecinī, cantum: to sing, recite; make music; tibiā canere = “play the flute”.

cantō, cantāre, cantāvī, cantātum: to chant, sing.

cantus, -ūs, m.: song, tune; a chant.

cānus, -a, -um: grey-haired, grey.

caper, caprī, m.: goat; capra, -ae, f.: a she-goat.

capillus, -ī, m.: a hair.

capiō, capere, cēpī, captum: to take, get; seize.

captō, captāre, captāvī, captātum: to grasp after, chase after, hunt.

caput, capitis, n.: head.

carcer, -ceris, m.: prison.

carchēsium, -ī: cup, goblet (often used in libations).

careō, carēre, caruī, – (+ abl.): to lack, be wanting, not have.

carīna, -ae, f.: the hull (of a ship).

carmen, -minis, n.: song; poem.

carō, carnis, f.: flesh, meat.

carpō, carpere, carpsī, carptum: to pluck, gather.

carptus, -a, -um: plucked, gathered.

cārus, -a, -um (+ dat.): dear, beloved; costly.

cāseus, -ī, m.: cheese.

Caspius, -a, -um: Caspian, from or of the Caspian Sea.

castra, -ōrum, n.: camp.

castus, -a, -um: pure, chaste.

cāsus, -ūs, m.: case, event, circumstance; happening, chance, adventure; accident.

catēna, -ae, f.: fetter.

catulus, -ī, m.: pup, puppy; also catula, -ae (f.).

Caucasus, -ī, m.: the Caucasus (mountain range); Caucasius, -a, -um: Caucasian; of the Caucasus.

cauda, -ae, f.: tail.

caulis, -is, f.: a stalk, stem; cabbage.

causa, -ae, f.: cause, reason; causā + gen. = “because of; for the sake of”.

caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautum: to be careful, cautious; take precautions, beware; cavē (nē) + subj.: “Be careful not to …”; “Don’t …”; cautē (adv.) = “cautiously, carefully”.

cavus, -a, -um: hallow, empty.

-ce (deictic [‘pointing’] particle added to forms of hic): this here.

cecidit: see cadō.

Cecropidēs, -ae. Athenian (from Cecrops, early king of Athens).

cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessum (+ dat.): to give way (to ...); yield; make one’s way; go.

celebrātiō, -ōnis, f.: a crowding, thronging, coming together; celebration.

celebrō, celebrāre, celebrāvī, celebrātum: to frequent; to crowd, to fill; to celebrate, honor.

celer, celeris, -e: swift, speedy.

celeritās, -tātis, f.: speed, swiftness.

cēlō, cēlāre, cēlāvī, cēlātum: hide, conceal.

celsus, -a, -um: lofty, elevated.

cēna, -ae, f.: dinner.

cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī: to suppose, imagine, suspect.

centaurus, -ī, m.: centaur (a creature half-man and half-horse).

centum (indecl.): hundred.

Cerberus, -ī. Cerberus, the hound of Hades.

Cereālis, -e (adj.): “of Ceres”.

Cerēs, Cereris, f.: Ceres (goddess of grains and the harvest, equated to Greek Demeter).

cēreus, -a, -um: waxen, made of wax.

cernō, cernere, crēvī, crētum: to discern, make out, perceive.

certāmen, -minis, n.: contest.

certus, -a, -um: certain, definite; also a certain ...; certē (adv.): certainly; certiōrem aliquem facere = “inform”; certior factus = “informed”; prō certō: as a certainty, for certain.

cerva, -ae, f.: doe (a female deer); cervus, -ī, m.: stag.

cervīx, cervīcis, f.: neck (of a human).

cēter, cētera, -um: the rest, the remainder, others.

Chalciōpē, -ēs (acc. Chalciōpēn). Chalciope, sister of Medea.

chaos, -ī, n.: chaos.

Chīrōn, -ōnis, m.: Chiron (a centaur).

cibārius, -a, -um: of food, food- .

cibus, -ī, m.: food, nutriment.

cicāda, -ae, f.: a cicada, a sort of cricket.

cieō, ciēre, cīvī, cītum: stir up, rouse.

cinctus, -a, -um: girded; bound; surrounded.

cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctum: to surround, encircle; wreathe (the head).

cinis, -eris, f.: ash, ashes.

Circē, -ēs (acc. Circēn). Circe; Campus Circēs = “the plain of Circe”.

circā (prep. + acc.): around, round about.

circum (prep. + acc.): about, encircling.

circumdō, circumdāre, circumdedī, circumdātum: to surround, encircle.

circummūniō, circummūnīre, circummūnīvī, circummūnītum: to fortify, enclose.

circumscriptus, -a, -um: enclosed, encircled; entrapped, ensnared, cheated, outwitted.

circumspectō, circumspectāre, circumspectāvī, circumspectātum: look around.

cirrus, -ī, m.: a lock of hair, curl.

cista, -ae, f.: wicker basket; chest.

Cithaerōn, -ōnis, m.: Cithaeron, a mountain range of Boeotia in central Greece.

cītō (adv.): quickly.

cīvilis, -e: civic; of the community; of the state.

cīvis, -is, m.: citizen.

cīvitās, -tātis, f.: state, polity.

clādes, -is, f.: destruction, ruin, disaster.

clam (adv.): in secret, privately.

clāmō, clāmāre, clāmāvī, clāmātum: to shout, call.

clāmor, -ōris, m.: shout, cry.

clangor, -ōris, m.: noise, din; banging, clashing.

clārus, -a, -um: clear, distinct, bright; famous, distinguished.

classis, -is, f.: a fleet, armada.

claudō, claudere, clausī, clausum: to close, shut, pen in.

claustrum, -ī, n.: a bolt.

clāvis, -is, f.: key.

cliēns, -ntis, m.: a follower, attendant; a dependent, hangeron.

clipeus, -ī, m.: a (circular) shield, a targe.

Clytaemnestra, -ae. Clytemnestra, Agamemnon’s wife, sister of Helen.

coāgulum, -ī, n.: curd.

coēgit, etc.: v. cōgō.

coemō, coemere, coēmī, coemptum: to buy up.

coeō, coīre, coiī or coīvī, coïtum: to come together; mate, copulate.

coepī, coepisse, coeptum (defective vb.): began, to have begun.

coeptum, -ī, n.: a beginning.

conferō, conferre, contulī, collātum: to bring together, merge.

cōgitātiō, -ōnis, f.: thought.

cōgitō, cōgitāre, cōgitāvī, cōgitātum: to think, think over; to think about, reflect on, consider, imagine.

cohibeō, cohibēre, cohibuī, cohibitum: to constrain, control, confine, restrict.

cohors, cohortis, f.: a cohort (about one-third of a legion, ± 480 legionaries).

cognātiō, -ōnis, f.: relation by birth, relation, relatedness.

cognōscō, cognōscere, cognōvī, cognōtum (perf. forms have present meaning): to get to know; know (by direct experience).

cōgō cōgere, coēgī, coāctum: to gather, bring together, compell, drive, force, coerce + acc. & inf. or ut.

Colchis, -idis, f.: Colchis.

Colchus, -a, -um: Colchian, of Colchus.

collābor, collābī, collāpsus sum: to collapse, fall down, slip down.

collectus, -a, -um: gathered.

colligō, colligere, collēgī, collectum: to gather, collect.

collis, -is, m.: hill.

collabōrō, collabōrāre, collabōrāvī, collabōrātum: to work with, work together with.

collocō, collocāre, collocāvī, collocātum: to place, set.

colloquor, colloquī, collocūtus sum: to converse with, speak with.

collum, -ī, n.: neck (of an animal).

collūsor, -ōris, m., f.: playmate.

colō, colere, coluī, cultum: to cultivate, tend, care for; worship.

color -ōris, m.: color, hue, tone, complection.

coluber, -brī, m.: an adder; colubra, -ae, f.: a (female) adder.

columba, -ae, f.: dove.

comae, -ārum, f.: the hair (of the head).

comātus, -a, -um: long-haired, having long hair.

combūrō, combūrere, combussī, combustum: to burn up, consume (with fire).

comēdō, comesse, comēdī, comēsum: to eat.

comes, comitis, m., f.: companion, fellow, associate; partner, mate, comrade.

comitātus, -ūs, m.: escort, retinue.

comitor, comitārī, comitātus sum: to accompany, attend, escort.

commendō, commendāre, commendāvī, commendātum: to entrust (something or someone to someone); to commend, recommend

commentum, -ī, n.: invention, fabrication, deception.

commentus, -a, -um: invented, feigned, false.

commīlitō, -ōnis, m.: a fellow-soldier.

commisceō, commiscēre, commiscuī, commixtum: to mix with, mingle with.

comminor, comminārī, comminātus sum (hominī aliquid): to threaten.

comminus (adv.): hand-to-hand, in close combat.

committō, committere, commīsī, commissum: to entrust, hand over; commit; bring together.

commodō, commodāre, commodāvī, commodātum: to adapt, make fit, make one thing (acc.) fit or comform to another (dat.).

commodus, -a, -um: convenient, comfortable.

commōtiō, -ōnis, f.: commotion, turmoil; excitement.

commōtus, -a, -um: stirred, roused, upset.

commōveō, commōvēre, commōvī, commōtum: to move, stir; upset, disturb.

commixtus, -a, -um: mixed, mingled.

commūnicō, commūnicāre, commūnicāvī, commūnicātum: to share.

commūnis, -e: common, shared.

commūtō, commūtāre, commūtāvī, commūtātum: to change, transform.

compāgēs, -is, f.: join, seam; frame, framework.

comparō, comparāre, compārāvi, comparātum: to make ready, prepare, get.

compellō, compellāre, compellāvī, compellātum: to rebuke, accost, challenge.

compellō, compellere, compulsī, compulsum: to drive to, compel, force.

comperiō, comperīre, comperī, compertum: to learn, ascertain, find out.

compescuō, compescuere, compescuī, – : to confine, constrain; quench.

competītor, -ōris, m.: competitor, contender.

complector, complectī, complexus sum: to embrace, hug, clasp.

compleō, complēre, complēvī, complētum: to fill up, fill.

complexus, -ūs, m.: embrace.

compōnō, compōnere, compōsuī, compositum: to arrange, put together, concoct.

comprimō, compimere, compressī, compressum: to press together; to hinder, constrain, repress.

comprobō, comprobāre, comprobāvī, comprobātum: to approve fully, endorse.

concēdō, concēdere, concessī, concessum: to yield, give up; concede.

concha, -ae, f.: sea shell.

concidō, concidere, concidī, –: to tumble down, fall down, collapse.

concieō, conciēre, concīvī, concītum: to stir up, cause.

conciliō, conciliāre, conciliāvī, conciliātum: to unite, connect; win over, make friendly; procure; prepare, provide.

concitō, concitāre: to rouse, stir up; awaken.

concitus, -a, -um: roused, stirred.

concipiō, concipere, concēpī, conceptum: to conceive.

conclāve, -is, n.: chamber.

concordia, -ae, f.: concord, harmony.

concupiō, concupere, concupiī, concupitum: to long for, desire, wish.

concurrō, concurrere, concurrī, concursum: to run together, rush together, meet in combat, join in battle.

concursus, -ūs, m.: gathering, coming together.

conditor, -ōris, m.: founder.

conditōrium, -ī, n.: repository; tomb, sepulcher.

condō, condere, condidī, conditum: to found, establish, lay down; hide away, conceal, sequester.

condūcō, condūcere, condūxī, conductum: to conduct, lead along, bring along.

conferō, conferre, contulī, collātum: to bestow, confer, bring; give.

confectus, -a, -um: made, fashioned.

conficiō, conficere, confēcī, confectum: to put together; construct; draw up; make up.

confirmō, confirmāre, confirmāvī, confirmātum: to confirm, ratify, endorse.

confiteor, confitērī, confessus sum: to confess, admit.

confluō, confluere, confluxī, – : to flow together; to gather, crowd together, come together.

confringō, confringere, confrēgī, confractum: to shatter, smash.

confundō, confundere, confūdī, confūsum: to pour together; mingle, mix, blend; confuse.

confūsus, -a, -um: confused, thrown into to confusion.

congerō, congerere, congessī congestum: to gather, heap up, collect.

congredior, congredī, congressus sum: to come together, gather.

congregō, congregāre, congregāvī, congregātum: to bring together, herd together; (pass. as mid.) to gather, come together.

congruō, congruere, congruī: to correspond, coincide, agree, fit.

coniciō, conicere, coniēcī, coniectum: to throw, hurl; put together; guess.

coniugēs: see coniunx

coniugiālis, -e: connubial, conjugial, relating to marriage; marriage-.

coniugium, -ī, n.: union, wedlock, marriage.

coniungō, coniungere, coniunxī, coniunctum: to join together, bind together.

coniunx, coniungis, m., f. (also coniux, coniugis): mate, partner.

coniūrātiō, -ōnis, f.: alliance; conspiracy.

coniūrātus, -a, -um: allied.

coniūrō, coniūrāre, coniūrāvī, coniūrātum: to conspire, plot.

conor, conārī, conātus sum: to try, attempt.

cōnsanguineus, -a, -um: kindred, related by blood; (subst.) kinsman.

cōnscendō, cōnscendere, cōnscendī, cōnscēnsum: to climb, climb up.

cōnscīscō, cōnscīscere, cōnscīvī, cōnscītum: to decree, decide on; sibi cōnscīscere = “inflict on o.s.”; mortem sibi cōnscīscere = “commit suicide”.

cōnscius, -a, -um (+ gen.): aware, cognizant; intimate; self-knowing; (as subst.) a confidant(e), trusted friend; an accomplice, accessory, witness; conscius sum + acc. & inf. = be aware that….

cōnsensus, -ūs, m.: agreement, oneness of feeling.

cōnsentiō, cōnsentīre, cōnsēnsī, cōnsēnsum: to agree, feel the same.

cōnsequor, cōnsequī, cōnsecūtus sum: to pursue to the end, catch up with, attain.

cōnserō, cōnserere, cōnsēvī, cōnsitum: to sow, plant.

cōnserō, cōnserere, cōnseruī, cōnsertum: to entwine, weave together.

cōnsertus, -a, -um: woven, plaited.

cōnservus, -ī, m.: a fellow slave; fem. conserva, -ae.

cōnsideō, cōnsidēre, cōnsessī, cōncessum: to sit down, seat oneself.

cōnsīderō, cōnsīderāre, cōnsīderāvī, cōnsīderātum: to look at carefully, inspect, examine.

cōnsilium, -ī, n.: plan; cōnsilium capere = “to decide, form a plan”.

cōnsistō, cōnsistere, cōnstitī, – : to stop, come to a stop; halt, pause; stand firm; subsist, exist; consistere + in, ex or simple ablatiive = “to consist in …”.

cōnsolātiō, -iōnis, f.: consolation, a comforting.

cōnsors, -sortis (adj. & noun) having the same lot; partner; fellow; sibling; relative.

cōnspectus, -ūs, m.: sight, observation.

cōnspiciō, cōnspicere, cōnspexī, cōnspectum: to catch sight of, notice.

cōnstāns, -antis: firm, constant, resolute.

cōnstanter (adv.): resolutely, steadily.

cōnstituō, cōnstituere, cōnstituī, cōnstitūtum: to set up, establish; (+ inf.) to decide.

cōnsuescō, cōnsuescere, cōnsuēvī, cōnsuētum: to be accustomed (+ inf.).

cōnsulō, cōnsulere, cōnsulī, consultum: to consult, ask the opinion of (s.o.); (+ dat.) to take council for s. th. or s.o; have regard for the interests of, look to.

cōnsultō (adv.): on purpose, by arrangement.

cōnsūmō, cōnsūmere, cōnsumpsī, cōnsumptum: to use up, devour, consume.

cōnsūtus, -a, -um: sewn together.

contēmnō, contemnere, contempsī, contemptum: to despise, disdain, dishonour, think little of; contemptus, -a, -um: scorned, spurned, insulted.

contendō, contendere, contendī, contentum: to strive, contend, compete; hurry, hasten.

contentus, -a, -um: content, satisfied.

conterō, conterere, contrīvī, contrītum: to grind down, crush, pulverize; wear down.

contexō, contexere, contexuī, contextum: to weave together, intertwine, connect.

contextus, -a, -um: woven; composed, constructed.

conticescō, conticescere, conticuī, – : to fall silent.

continenter (adv.): without stopping.

contineō, continēre, continuī, contentum: to hold within, contain; hold onto.

continēns, -entis, f. (sc. terra): mainland, continent.

contingō, contingere, contigī, contactum: to touch on; (+ dat.) tohappen to, befall.

continuō (adv.): at once.

contiō, -ōnis, f.: assembly, meeting, rally; speech, pep-talk.

contorqueō, contorquēre, contorsī, contortum: to twist round; turn violently; contortus, -a, -um: complicated, convoluted.

contrā (prep. + acc.): against; in opposition.

contrahō, contrahere, contraxī, contractum: to draw down, bring on; bring together; contract.

contremō, contremere, contremuī: to tremble all over, quake, tremble all together.

contrītus, etc.: vid. conterō.

controversia, -ae, f.: a quarrel, argument.

contumāx, -ācis: restive, insubordinate, defiant.

contumēlia, -ae, f.: insult.

contundō, contundere, contūsī, contūsum: to smash together, crush.

cōnūbium, -ī, n.: marriage, wedlock.

convalescō, convalescere, convaluī, –: to grow strong; be in recovery, convalesce.

conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum: to come together, gather; agree with, conform with.

convertō, convertere, conversī, conversum: to turn, turn around; change, convert.

convincō convincere, convīcī, convictum: to win over; convince; utter confute; defeat.

convīva, -ae, m., f.: guest.

convīvium, -ī, n.: banquet.

convocō, convocāre, convocāvī, convocātum: to call together, summon.

copia, -ae, f.: resource, supply, abundance; copiae, -ārum: troops.

coquō, coquere, coxī, coctum: cook.

coquus, -ī, m.: a cook.

cor, cordis, n.: heart.

coram (adv.): face to face; (prep. + abl.): before, in the presence of, face to face with.

Corcyraeus, -a, -um: Corcyrean, of Corcyra.

cornu, cornūs, n.: horn.

corōna, -ae, f.: crown, wreath.

cornīx, cornīcis, f.: a crow.

corpus, -poris, n.: body.

corrigō, corrigere, correxī, correctum: to correct, make straight, set right.

corripiō, corripere, corripuī, correptum: to snatch up, carry off.

corrumpō, corrumpere, corrūpī, corruptum: to corrupt, pervert, weaken, break down.

corruptēla, -ae, f.: seduction, bribery, corruption.

cortīna, -ae, f.: cauldron.

coruscō, coruscāre: to waver, glimmer, gleam., flash.

corymbus, -ī, m: cluster (of grapes).

cōtīdiē (adv.): daily, every day.

crās (adv.): tomorrow.

crassus, -a, -um: thick, shaggy.

crēber, crēbra, -um: frequent, one after another; densely packed.

credō, credere, credidī, creditum: (+ dat.) to trust in, believe in; (+ acc. & inf.) believe that ....

creō, creāre, creāvī, creātum: create, make.

crepitāculum, ī, n.: a rattle.

crescō, crescere, crēvī, crētum: to grow.

Crēta, -ae, f.: Crete (a large island in the Aegean).

Crētēnsis, -e: Cretan.

Crētheus, -ī. Crethus, father of Phrixus.

Crētis, -idis (fem. adj.): Cretan.

crīmen, -minis, n.: crime, accusation, reproach.

crīminōr, crīminārī, crīminātus sum: to accuse, denounce; slander.

crīnēs, -ium, m.: hair (on the head).

crocus, -ī, m.: crocus (a bright yellow flower).

Crommyum, -ī, n.: Crommyum, on the Corithian Isthmus, site ravaged by the Crommyonian sow, slain by Theseus.

cruciātus, -ūs, m.: torment, torture.

cruciō, cruciāre, cruciāvī, cruciātum: to crucify; torture.

crūdēlis, -e: cruel, hard-hearted, unfeeling, rude.

crūdēliter (adv.): cruelly, gruesomely.

crūdus, -a, -um: bloody, bleeding, gory; raw.

cruentus, -a, -um: bloody, gory, blood-stained.

cruor, -ōris, m.: gore, blood.

crux, -ucis, f.: cross.

cubiculum, -um, n.: chamber, room, bedroom.

culīna, -ae, f.: kitchen.

culmen, -minis, n.: peak, apex, top, summit, roof.

culpa, -ae, f.: blame, fault.

cultor, -ōris, m., f.: devotee, worshipper.

cultus, -a, -um: refined, civilized.

cum (prep. + abl.): with, together with; ūnā cum = “together with; along with”; mēcum, tē cum, nōbīscum vōbīscum: with me, with you, etc.

cum (conj.) also quom: (+ indic.) when; (+ subjv.) since, as, while, although.

cūnābula, -ōrum, n.: cradle.

cunctor, cunctārī, cunctātus sum: to delay, tarry, linger.

cunīculus, -ī, m.: a rabbit.

cunctus, -a, -um: all together, together, jointly; entire.

cupiditās, -piditātis, f.: wish, longing, desire.

cupīdo, -pīdinis, f.: desire, longing, will; Cupīdo, -pīdinis, m. = “Cupid”.

cupidus, -a, -um (+ gen.): desirous, full of desire; eager.

cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītum: to desire (+ inf.).

cūr (interrog. adv.): why?

cūra, -ae, f.: anxiety, worry; care; cure.

cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātum: to care for, take care of; (+ ut & subjv.) take care that ….

curriculum, -ī, n.: circuit, course.

currō, currere, cucurrī, cursum: to run.

currus, -ūs, m.: chariot.

cursō, cursāre, cursāvī, cursātum: to scurry, rush along.

cursus, -ūs, m.: a running, a race; course, track.

curvus, -a, -um: curved, bent.

custōdia, -ae, f.: watch, vigil, guard.

custōdiō, custōdīre, custōdīvī, custōdītum: to guard; custōdītus, -a, -um: watched over, guarded.

custōs, custōditis, m.: guard, guardian.

cutis, -is, f.: skin (of a human).

cyaneus, -a, -um: dark blue.

Cyclōps, -ōpis. Cyclops.

cycnus, -ī, m.: swan.

cymbala, -ōrum, n.: cymbals.

cypressus, -ī, f.: cypress.

Cyprius, -a, -um: Cyprian, of Cyprus; Cypria, -ae = the Cyprian, i.e. Venus.

Cytherēa, -ae (an epithet of Venus): Cytherea, the Cytherean.