“A”

ā, ab, abs (prep. + abl.): from, away from; by.

abdō, abdere, abdidī, abditum: to hide, bury, coneal.

abdūcō, abdūcere, abdūxī, abductum: to draw away, take away, carry off, remove.

abductus, -a, -um: abducted, taken away.

abeō, abīre, abīvī or abiī, abītum: to go away.

abhinc (adv.): hence, from here.

abhorreō, abhorrēre, abhorruī, – : to shrink back, shrink from, cringe, shy away from.

abī, abīte (imperat. of abeō): go away!

abiciō, abicere, abiēcī, abiectum: to cast down, throw down.

abluō, abluere, abluī, ablūtum: to cleanse, wash off; purify (esp. of ritual cleansing).

absentia, -ae, f.: absence.

absolvō, absolvere, absolvī, absolūtum: to free from; acquit.

abstō, abstāre: to stand at a distance, stand aloof.

abstrahō, abstrahere, abstraxī, abstractum: to draw away, drag away, pull away.

absēns, -entis: being away, being absent.

absentia, -ae, f.: absence.

absterreō, absterrēre, absterruī, absterritum: to frighten away.

abstineō, abstinēre, abstinuī, abstentum: to hold back, withhold; refrain, refrain (from).

abstulit: see auferō.

absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrus: to be away, be absent.

abundāns, -antis: in flood; overflowing; abounding in (+ abl.).

ac: see atque.

Acastus, -ī. Acastus (only son of Pelias).

accēdō, accēdere, accessī, accessum: to come to; approach; attack; befall, happen to (+ dat.); enter into.

accendō, accendere, accēnsī, accēnsum: to kindle, light, set ablaze.

accidō, accidere, accidī, – (+ dat.): to happen, befall, occur.

accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptum: to receive, welcome, take to oneself, take.

accipiter, -pitris, m.: hawk.

accommodō, accommodāre, accommodāvī, accommodātum: to adapt, adjust.

accurrō, accurrere, accurrī, accursum: to run to.

accūsō, accūsārem accūsāvī, accusātum: to accuse (someone of something: acc. & gen.).

acer, acris, acre: sharp; keen; intense; superlative = acerrimus.

acerbus, -a, -um: bitter.

acernus, -a, -um: of maple, made of maplewood.

Acherōn, -ontis, m.: Acheron, river of the Underworld.

Acherūsia, -ae, f.: Acherusia (a cavern leading into the underworld).

aciēs, -ēī, f.: edge; keenness; point; pupil of the eye; line of battle; prīma aciēs: the frontline.

aconītum, -ī, n.: aconitum, aconite, wolf’s bane (a strong poison).

Acrisius, -ī. Acrisius, king of Tiryns, father of Danaë.

Actaeōn, -onis. Actaeon (grandson of Cadmus).

acūtus, -a, -um: pointed, sharp, piercing, keen.

ad (prep. + acc.): toward, at, to.

addiscō, addiscere, addidicī, – : to learn in addition, learn further.

addō, addere, addidī, additum: to add to, to give additionally; increase.

addūcō, addūcere, addūxī, adductum: to lead to, lead on to, bring along (in addition).

adeō (adv.): to that extent, to such an extent.

adeptus, etc.: vid. adipiscor.

adferō, adferre: see afferō.

adhibeō, adhibēre, adhibuī, adhibitum: to present, set before, set out; apply (+ dat.).

adhūc (adv.): thus far, till now.

aditus, -ūs, m.: entrance.

adipiscor, adipiscī, adeptus sum: to attain, achieve, gain, win.

adītus, -ūs, m.: entrance, approach, access.

adiūdicō, adiūdicāre, adiūdicāvī, adiūdicātum: to adjudge, award.

adiungō, adiungere, adiunxī, adiunctum: to join together; yoke together.

adiūtrīx, -īcis, f.: a helper.

adiūvō, adiūvāre, adiūvī, adiūtum: to help.

admīror, admīrārī, admīrātus sum: to marvel at, admire, be surprise at.

admonitum, -ī, n.: advice; a piece of advice.

adolescēns, -entis, m., f.: youth, young man; young woman.

adolescō, adolescere, adolēvī, adultum: to grow up.

adōrātus, -a, -um = “worshipped”.

adōrō, adōrāre, adōrāvī, adōrātum: to pray to, worship.

adpetō, adpetere, adpetīvī, adpetītum: to assail, lay hold of.

adstō, adstāre, adstitī, – : to stand near, stand by.

adsum, adesse, adfuī, adfutūrus: to be present, be on hand.

adquīrō, adquīrere, adquīsīvī, adquīsītum (also acq-): to acquire, get.

Adrastēa, -ae. Adrastea.

Adrastus, -ī. Adrastus, king of Argos, father-in-law and ally of Polyneices in his war against Eteocles.

adulescēns, -entis, m., f.: young person.

adulescentulus, -ī, m.: youth, teenager.

adulter, adulterī, m.; adultera, -ae, f.: a lover.

adultus, -a, -um: grown up, mature.

adunctus, -a, -um: curved.

abundō, abundāre, abundāvī, abundātum: to overflow; abound in (+ abl.).

adūrō, adūrere, adussī, adustum: to scorch, singe.

advehō, advehere, advexī, advectum: to carry to drive to; (pass. as middle deponent) reach, arrive at (by boat, chariot or horseback).

advena, -ae, m., f.: a stranger, foreigner.

adveniō, advenīre, advēnī, adventum: to come to, arrive.

adventō, adventāre, adventāvī, adventātum: to approach, draw near.

adventus, -ūs, m.: approach, arrival.

adversus, –a, -um: turned against; opposite; unfavorable, unpropitious, adverse.

adversus or adversum (adv. & prep. + acc.): against, opposite.

advocō, advocāre, advocāvī, advocātum: to call over, call together, convene; call upon.

adytum, -ī, n.: sanctuary, the inner sanctum.

Aeācus, -ī. Aeacus, father of Telamon.

aedēs, aedis, f.: a house, an abode, habitation.

aedificō, aedificāre, aedificāvī, aedificātum: to build.

Aeētēs, -ae: Aeetes, father of Medea.

aeger, aegra, -um: ill, ailing; aegrē ferre: to resent.

Aegeus, -ī. Aegeus, king of Athens, father of Theseus.

aegrimonia, -ae, f.: grief, mental anguish.

aegrōtō, aegrōtāre, aegrōtāvī, aegrōtātum: to ail, be ill.

Aegyptius, -a, -um: Egyptian; (subst.) an Egyptian.

aēneus, -a, -um: of copper; copper- .

Aeolidae, -ārum: the Aeolids, the descendants of Aeolus.

Aeolus, -ī. Aeolus, great-grandfather of Jason.

aequaevus, -a, -um: of the same age; (subst.) an agemate.

aequalis, -e (+ dat.): even, equal.

aequē (adv.): fairly.

aequor, -ōris, n.: a level surface; the sea.

aequus, -a, -um: even, level; fair; aequō animō = “calmly”; aequum = “what is right”; aequō (with comparatives): “than (is) right”.

aër, aëris, m.: the air.

aereus, -a, -um: brazen, of bronze.

aerumnae, -ārum, f.: troubles, worries, cares.

aes, aeris, n.: bronze; a bronze utensil or tool.

Aesōn, -ōnis. Aeson, father of Jason.

Aesōnidēs, -is (voc. Aesōnida): son of Aeson, i.e., Jason.

aestās, -tātis, f.: summer.

aestīvus, -a, -um: of summer, summer-.

aestus, -ūs, m.: seething; surf, breaking waves.

aetās, -tātis, f.: age; time of life.

aeternus, -a, -um: eternal. everlasting.

aethēr, aetheris, m.: the upper air, the firmament.

Aethiōpia, -ae, f.: Ethiopia.

aevum, -ī, n.: eternity; age.

affectus, -a, -um: affected, influenced.

affectus, -ūs, m.: affection, mood, feeling.

afferō (also adferō), affere, attulī, allātum: to bring to, carry, convey.

afficiō, afficere, affēcī, affectum (also adf-): to affect, influence, work upon.

affigō, affigere, affixī, affixum: to affix, attach.

affīnitās, -tātis, f.: relationship, connection (esp. between father-in-law & son-in-law).

affirmō, affirmāre, affirmāvī, affirmātum: to affirm, ratify.

afflātus, -ūs, m.: a breath, blowing (on).

afflictō, afflictāre, afflictāvī, afflictātum: to vex, torment, harass, distress.

afflīgō, afflīgere, afflīxī, afflictum: to strike, distress, injure, afflict; afflīctus, -a, -um: distressed, afflicted.

afflō, afflāre, afflāvī, afflātum: to blow upon, blow.

affulgeō, affulgēre, affulsi: to shine forth, appear.

āfuī, etc.: v. absum.

Agamemnōn, -onis. Agamemnon, commander of the Greek expedition against Troy.

agedum: see agō.

ager, agrī, m.: field; land, territory.

aggerō, aggerere, aggessī, aggestum: to pile up, amass.

aggredior, aggredī, aggressus sum: to come to, come near, approach; address; attack.

agilitās, -tātis, f.: adroitness, swiftness, fleetness, mobility, agility.

agitō, agitāre, agitāvī, agitātum: to drive, set in motion; wield; chase; wave.

agnōscō, agnōscere, agnōvī, agnōtum: to recognize, be familiar with, know.

agnus, -ī, m. or agna, -ae, f.: lamb.

agō, agere, ēgī, āctum: to do, perform; drive, set in motion; gratiās agō + dat. = “to thank someone”; age! agite! = “come!”; agedum (interj.) = “come, then; well, then”.

agmen, -inis, n.: crowd, herd; procession, retinue.

agricola, -ae, m.: farmer.

agricultūra, -ae, f.: agriculture.

āh! (exclamation): ah!, alas!

ait, (pl.) aiunt (irreg. vb. + oratio obliqua): he/she says; they say.

ala, -ae, f.: wing.

alacritās, -tātis, f.: swiftnesss, speed, alacrity.

ālātus, -a, -um: winged.

albus, -a, -um: white.

alea, -ae, f.: a die.

āles, ālitis (adj.): winged.

alga, -ae, f.: seaweed.

algeō, algēre, alsī: to be cold, feel cold; (fig.) be left in the cold.

aliēnō, aliēnāre, aliēnāvī, aliēnātum: to transfer, make another’s, sell; give up, let go, lose; aliēnāta mente: mad, insane.

alimentum, -ī, n.: nourishment, food.

ālipēs, -pedis: wingfooted, with winged feet; fleet.

aliquandō (adv.): at some time. aliquantō (adv.): somewhat, a little, to some extent.

aliquī, aliquae or aliqua, aliquod: some.

aliquis, aliquid (pronoun): someone, something.

aliquot (indefinite pronoun): a certain number, some, several, a few.

aliēnigena, -ae (adj.): alien, foreign; of alien origen.

aliēnus, -a, -um: alien, foreign.

alius, -a, -ud: other, different; aliter (adv.): otherwise, in another way; alius … alius …: “one persong … another …”, etc.

allectus, -a, -um (< alliciō): enticed, drawn, attracted.

alō, alere, aluī, altum: to nourish, rear, foster.

allātus, etc.: vid. afferō.

alligō, alligāre, alligāvī, alligātum: to tie up, to tie to, tie onto.

alloquor, alloquī, allocūtus sum: to address, speak to.

allūdō, allūdere, allūsī, allūsum: to play upon, play with.

alter, altera, -um: the other of two; second.

altercātiō, -ōnis, f: quarrel, argument, dispute.

althaea, -ae, f.: mallow.

altus, -a, -um: steep, tall; deep; altum, -ī, n.: a height, depth; ex altō = “from above”.

alvus, -ī, f.: belly.

amāns, -antis, m., f.: lover.

amāritiēs, -ēī, f.: bitterness.

amārus, -a, -um: bitter

Amāzōn, -ōnis, f.: Amazon (female warrior); Amāzōnius, -a, -um: Amazonian.

ambiguus, -a, -um: going two ways; having two meaning; ambiguous.

ambitiō, -ōnis, f.: ambition.

ambō, -ae, -ō: both.

ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum: to walk.

ambustus, -a, -um: scorched, scalded.

āmēns, āmentis: out of one’s mind; distraught.

amiciō, amicīre, amixī, amictum: to wrap around, cover.

amīcītia, -ae, f.: friendship; (political) partisanship.

amictus, -ūs, m.: a cape, mantle, a wrap (garment).

amīcus, -a, -um: friendly, beloved (+ dat.); (subst.) friend; an ally; a (political or military) partner.

amita, -ae, f.: a (paternal) aunt.

āmittō, āmittere, āmīsī, āmissum: to lose, let go; āmissus, -a, -um: lost..

amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum: to like, love; amābō tē = “please!”.

amoenus, -a, -um: pleasant, pleasing.

amor, -ōris, m.: love.

amnis, -is, m.: stream, torrrent.

amphora, -ae, f.: jug, jar, amphora.

amplector, amplectī, amplexus sum: to embrace.

amplexus, -ūs, m.: embrace, hug.

amplus, -a, -um: large, spacious, wide, great.

amputō, amputāre, amputāvī, amputātum: to prune off, lop off.

an (disjunctive particle, in questions): or.

Anaurus, -ī, m.: the Anaurus (a river in Thessaly).

anceps, -cipitis: two-headed; branching; facing in two directions; undecided, wavering.

ancilla, -ae, f.: slave-girl, maid, attendant.

ancōra, -ae, f.: anchor.

Androgeus, -ī. Androgeus, son of Minos, killed by the bull of Marathon.

Andromeda, -ae. Andromeda, a Gazan maiden sacrificed to a sea monster, rescued by Perseus.

angō, angere: to strangle, throttle; hurt, distress; animō angī: be troubled. be distressed.

angor, -ōris, m.: anguish, pain.

angustiae, -ārum, f.: narrows, a tight passage; an ally.

angustus, -a, -um: tight, narrow.

animadvertō, animadvertere, animadvertī, animadversum: to take notice, note; observe.

animal, -ālis, n.: animal.

animus, -ī, m.: mind, spirit; (pl.) high spirits, anger; aequō animō = “calmly, with equanimity”; in animō habēre = “to have in mind”; bonō animō esse = “have courage”; animō dēficere = “become disheartened”.

annōna, -ae, harvest; grain.

annūntiō, annūntiāre, annūntiāvī, annūntiātum: to announce, report to.

annuō, annuere, annuī, annūtum (+ dat.): to nod at, give assent to grant, promise, favor.

annus, -ī, m.: year; ad annum: for a year.

ante (prep. + acc.): before.

anteā (adv.): before that.

antehāc (adv.): before this.

antenna, -ae, f.: yardarm, sail yard (on a ship).

antepōnō, antepōnere, anteposuī, antepositum: to set before, place in front of.

antequam (conj.): before; until.

Antigona, -ae. Antigone, daughter of Oedipus.

Antiopē, -ae or -ēs. Antiope, Amazon queen, abducted by Theseus; mother of Hippolytus; also Theban Antiope, mother of Amphion.

antīquitus (adv.): from ancient times.

antīquus, -a, -um: ancient, of old.

antrum, -ī, n.: cave.

anus, -ūs, f.: old woman.

anxius, -a, -um: worried, anxious.

Āonius, -a, -um: Boeotian, of Boeotia (the district of which Thebes is the chief city).

aper, aprī, m.: a boar.

aperiō, aperīre, aperuī, apertum: to open.

apertē (adv.): openly, frankly.

apertum, -ī, n.: an open space

apis, -is, f.: bee.

appareō, apparēre, apparuī, apparitum: to appear.

appellō, appellāre, appellāvī, appellātum: to call to, address, call on; appeal to.

appellō, appellere, appulī, appulsum: to drive toward; (of a ship) to put into port, steer toward.

appetō appetere, appetīvī, appetitum: to seek, aim for, strive after.

Apollō, Apollinis. Apollo.

approbō, approbāre, approbāvī, approbātum: to approve.

appropīnquō, appropīnquāre, appropīnquāvī, approprīnquātum (+ dat.): approach, draw near to.

Apsyrtus, -ī. Apsyrtus, son of Aeetes, brother of Medea.

aptus, -a, -um: fit, well suited, proper, apt.

apud (prep. + acc.): among; in the presence of; at (the house of).

aqua, -ae, f.: water; aqua vīva: running water.

aquīla, -ae, m., f.: an eagle.

āra, -ae, f.: altar.

arātum, -ī, n.: a plow.

arboreus, -a, -um: of trees; arboreal.

arbōs or arbor, -ōris, f.: tree.

arbiter, arbitrī, m.: judge.

arbitrium, -ī, n.: judgment, settlement, arbitration.

arca, -ae, f.: a chest, box, arc.

Arcadia, -ae, f: Arcadia (in central Greece).

arcessō, arcessere, arcessīvī, arcessītum: to call for, summon.

architectus, -ī, m.: architect; builder.

arcus, -ūs, m.: bow.

ardeō, ardēre, arsī, arsum: to blaze, burn.

ardor, -ōris, m.: a burning; keenness, eagerness, passion.

arduus, -a, -um: steep; difficult (to achieve); impossible.

arēna: see harēna.

argenteus, -a, -um: made of silver.

argentum, -ī, n.: silver.

Argīvus, -a, -um: Argive, from or of Argos.

Argonauta, -ae, m.: Argonaut.

arguō, arguere, arguī, argūtum: to prove, reveal; accuse (hominem alicuius rēī: s.o. of s.th.)

argūtus, -a, -um: bright, shiny; clear; ringing.

aridus, -a, -um: arid, dry, parched.

ariēs, ariētis, m.: a ram (male sheep).

arista, -ae, f.: a ear of wheat.

arma, -ōrum, n.: weapons.

armentārius, -ī, m.: herdsman, cattleman.

armentum, -ī, n.: herd (of cattle).

armiger, -gerī, m.: weapons-bearer, squire.

armō, armāre, armāvī, armātum: to arm (equip with a full panoply of armor).

ārō, ārāre, ārāvī, ārātum: to plough.

arrīgō, arrīgere, arrexī, arrectum: to raise up, lift up.

arrectus, -a, -um: upright; straight up.

ars, artis, f.: art, skill.

arsus, -a, -um: burned, burnt.

artifex, -ficis, m.: artist, craftsman.

artus, -a, -um: close-fitting, tight, narrow; artē (adv.) = “closely; tightly, narrowly”.

artus, artūs, m.: limb (of the body).

arvum, -ī, n: field.

arx, arcis, f.: the citadel, the acropolis.

ascendō, ascendere, ascendī, ascēnsum: to climb up, ascend, mount; board (a ship).

asellus, -ī, m.: a donkey, ass (diminutive).

asservō, asservāre, asservāvī, asservātum: to protect.

asinus, -ī, m: a donkey, ass.

assideō, assidēre, assēdī, assessum (+ dat.): to sit beside, attend to.

assiduus, -a, -um: unrelenting, constant.

assūmō, assūmere, assumpsī, assumptum: to take up, adopt, conceive (a desire or passion); receive, acquire.

aspectus, -ūs, m: appearance, aspect, look.

aspergō, aspergere, aspersī, aspersum: to splash, sprinkle.

aspiciō, aspicere, aspexī, aspectum: to behold, look upon; gaze at.

ast – see at.

Asterius, -ī. Asterius, mortal husband of Europa; also name of the Minotaur.

astragalus, -ī, m.: knucklebone (used in games like ‘jacks’).

astrum, -ī, n.: star.

at, ast (conj.): and yet, but.

astūtus, -a, -um: shrewd, cunning, clever.

ater, atra, atrum: black.

Athāmās, -ae. Athamas, father of Phrixus.

Athēnae, -ārum, f.: Athens; Athēniēnsis, -e: Athenian.

āthlēta, -ae, m.: athlete.

atque or ac (conj.): and, as well as.

atquī (strong adversative conj.): but yet, and yet; however.

Atreus, -ī. Atreus, son of Pelops, father of Agamemnon & Menelaus.

ātrium, -ī, n,: atrium, hall.

attendō, attendere, attendī, attentum: to direct (the mind) toward.

attentus, -a, -um (pass.) attentive, intent (on); careful, frugal, industrious.

attingō, attingere, attigī, attactum: to touch, make contact with; reach, come up to.

attonitus, -a, -um: thunderstruck; astonished.

attrahō, attrahere, attraxī, attractum: to draw towards, bring on, attract.

attulit see afferō.

auctor, -ōris, m.: author, originator, source.

auctōritās, -tātis, f.: authority, power, reputation.

audeō, audēre, ausus sum: to dare.

audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum: to hear, listen to; (pass.) be called.

audācia, -ae, f.: daring, boldness.

audāx, -ācis: bold, daring, audacious.

audeō, audēre, ausus sum: to dare, be bold.

auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātum: to take away, bear off.

aufugiō, aufugere, aufūgī, aufugitum: to run away, flee, escape.

Augēās, -ae. Augeas, Argonaut, son of Helios (the Sun).

augeō, augēre, auxī, auctum: to increace, grow, augment.

augur, -uris, m.: an augur, prophet.

aula, -ae, f.: court, hall.

Aulis, -idis, f.: Aulis (a harbor in Boeotia, used to launch the Greek armada in the against Troy).

augur, -is, m.: an augur (an interpreter of omens from the flight of birds); seer, prophet.

augurium, -ī, n.: augury (reading omens from the behavior of birds); prediction.

auguror, augurārī, augurātus sum: to give auguries, practice augury.

augustus, -a, -um: venerable, distinguished, honorable.

aura, -ae, f.: breeze; air, atmosphere.

aureus, -a, -um: golden, gold- , of gold.

auriga, -ae, m.: charioteer.

auris, -is, f.: ear.

aurōra, -ae, f.: dawn.

aurum, -ī, n.: gold.

auscultō, auscultāre, auscultāvī, auscultātum: to listen carefully, listen; overhear, eavesdrop.

auster, austrī, m.: the South; the south wind.

austrālis, -e: southern.

ausus etc.: see audeō.

aut (conj.): or; aut ... aut ... = “either ... or ...”.

autem (conj.): however.

autumnus, -ī, m.: autumn.

auxilium, -ī, n.: help, assistance.

avārus, avāra, avārum: greedy.

aveō, avēre: to fare well; as a greeting, especially of the dead, avē! avēte! = “farewell!”

āvehor, āvehī, āvectus sum: to ride away, sail away.

āvellō, āvellere, āvulsī, āvulsum: to uproot, tear up, tear away.

āversus, -a, -um: turned away.

āvertō, āvertere, āvertī, āversum: to turn away, avert, deflect.

āvia, -ae, f.: grandmother.

avidus, -a, -um: eager, keen (eager for ...: + gen.); avidē: “keenly”.

avis, -is, m., f.: bird.

avitus, -a, -um: of one’s grandfather; ancestral.

āvolitō, āvolitāre, āvolitāvī, āvolitātum: to fly away.

avunculus, -ī, m.: uncle (one’s mother’s brother).

āvus, -ī, m.: grandfather.