Frog : 9th vertebra

• 9th vertebra has a biconvex centrum.

• Posteriorly, it has 2 knobbed processes, which fit into corresponding depressions of urostyle.

• Produced from the centrum is the neural arch, which encloses the neural canal.

• Neural arch has a neural spine, a pair of transverse process and a pair of pre – zygapophyses.

• Post – zygapophyses are absent.

• Neural spine is much reduced.

• Transverse processes are broad and backwardly directed.

• Terminally they articulate with the pelvic girdle.